Abstract:
The invention provides various exemplary embodiments of a method for working an apparatus having at least one electrical layer structure (208, 308, 408), wherein the electrical layer structure (208, 308, 408) has a dielectric layer (202, 304, 404) in physical contact with an electrically conductive layer (110, 204, 302, 402) and the electrical layer structure (208, 308, 408) has a first electrical conductivity, the method comprising: establishing an electrical connection with the dielectric layer (202, 304, 404) of the electrical layer structure (208, 308, 408); and forming an electrical voltage profile at the electrical connection in such a way that a second electrical conductivity is formed; wherein the second electrical conductivity is greater than the first electrical conductivity; and wherein the electrical layer structure (208, 308, 408) has the second electrical conductivity after reduction of the electrical voltage profile.
Abstract:
An apparatus, comprising a housing; a first connector coupled to the housing and having a first plurality of contacts; a second connector coupled to the housing and having a second plurality of contacts; and a circuit electrically connected to at least one of the first contacts and at least one of the second contacts. The circuit is encapsulated within the housing. The circuit is configured to generate an output signal in response to a resistance sensed at the at least one of the first contacts.
Abstract:
Verfahren zur Widerstandsmessung eines von mindestens einer chemischen und/oder physikalischen Messgröße abhängigen Widerstandselements, wobei ein erster Spannungsteiler aus wenigstens einem ersten Referenzwiderstand und einem Messwiderstand gebildet wird, wobei mittels einer Verstärkerschaltung eine über den ersten Spannungsteiler abfallende Teilspannung verstärkt wird, wobei ein zweiter Spannungsteiler aus wenigstens einem zweiten Referenzwiderstand und dem Messwiderstand gebildet wird, wobei mittels der Verstärkerschaltung eine über den zweiten Spannungsteiler abfallende Teilspannung verstärkt wird, wobei ein dritter Spannungsteiler aus wenigstens dem von der chemischen und/oder physikalischen Messgröße abhängigen Widerstandselement und dem Messwiderstand gebildet wird, wobei mittels der Verstärkerschaltung eine über den dritten Spannungsteiler abfallende Teilspannung verstärkt wird, wobei aus wenigstens den Werten der über den ersten, zweiten und dritten Spannungsteiler abfallenden und verstärkten Teilspannungen und den Werten des ersten und des zweiten Referenzwiderstands und des Messwiderstands der Widerstandswert des von der physikalischen und/oder chemischen Messgröße abhängigen Widerstandselements bestimmt wird.
Abstract:
A conductivity measurement circuit (4) is formed by a resistance dependent oscillator in which the frequency-controlling resistance is that presented by a liquid (3) whose conductivity is to be measured. The circuit (4) is formed essentially of four stages. A supply splitter (10) provides an accurate reference voltage to an integrator (11), which integrates a signal output from a driver (13). The output of the integrator (11) provides input to a Schmitt trigger (12). A level adjustment circuit (14) is connected between the Schmitt trigger (12) and the driver (13). The circuit (4) drives the liquid (3) with a symmetric, amplitude-controlled voltage signal.
Abstract:
A system (100) for diagnosing metastasis in a metastatic-suspicious sample, including: a bio-chip (101),an electrical signal extraction board (102) and a processor (103). The bio-chip (101) includes a biosensor (201) including a substrate (207), an array of electrodes (208), where the array of electrodes (208) is patterned on the substrate (207) and at least one Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC)(210) which is adhered on the substrate (207) and on the array of electrodes (208) forming a biological trap for a metastatic cell. A metastatic-suspicious sample may be introduced onto the bio-chip (101) allowing for diagnosis of metastasis by monitoring the time-lapse electrical signals that are recorded by the processor (103).
Abstract:
An electronic device comprising: a control and measure subsystem (120) configured to receive an output signal from the at least one sensor (110), to obtain sensor measurement data and to pass them to a comparator (130) configured to compare the sensor measurement data to previous measurement data. If a change is detected that exceeds a first predetermined threshold limit, then a first processor (140) is informed about the obtained sensor measurement data.
Abstract:
A processing and detection system for detecting presence of at least one gluten protein in a food sample comprises a food processor including: a reservoir containing a process liquid for processing the food sample; a body that comprises a chamber configured to receive the food sample; and a pressing surface configured to press on the reservoir to cause the process liquid to exit the reservoir and mix with the food sample, thereby generating a processed food liquid; and an exit port configured to conduct the processed food liquid out of the food processor; and a cartridge including: at least one sensor configured to receive the processed food liquid and to generate an electrical signal in response to interaction with the at least one gluten protein in the processed food liquid, and an analyzer in electrical communication with the at least one sensor for detecting the electrical signal and determining the presence of the at least one gluten protein in the food sample based on the detected electrical signal.
Abstract:
The invention regards a measuring device, comprising a conductor body (7), for detecting the degree of fiber concentration and/or steam point (SP) of a fiber pad (33) being pulped, during use of the device (3), in a grinding gap (15) between refiner discs (11, 13) of a refiner (1). The conductor body (7) exhibits a first electric contact surface (17) adapted to provide electrical contact with a second electric contact surface (19) for transferring an electric current via the fiber pad (33) material. The invention also regards a method for detecting the degree of fiber concentration and/or steam point (SP) of a fiber pad (33). The method comprises the steps of mounting of the conductor body (7) to one of the refiner discs (13), grinding the fiber pad (33) material between the refiner discs (11, 13), detecting alteration of the conductivity and/or electrical resistivity of the fiber pad (33) material, and adjusting inflow of water and/or fiber material from said detected alteration.