Abstract:
An improved CMOS sensor integrated circuit is disclosed, along with methods of making the circuit and computer readable descriptions of the circuit.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for determining a reference value for an imaging device, having a plurality of photosensitive pixels arranged in rows and columns, and having an active data portion and at least one row of pixels outside the active data portion. The method includes operating the at least one row for a predetermined integration time, applying a first reference value to the pixels ini the at least one row, reading out at least one pixel from the at least one row to obtain a first output value, applying a second reference value to the pixels in the at least one row; reading out at least one pixel from the at least one row to obtain a second output value, determining the reference value corresponding to an intended output; and applying the determined reference value to the active data portion of the imaging device.
Abstract:
A sigma delta circuit is provided having a sigma delta modulator (100) configured to operate according to a first clock signal (108) and a quantizer (110) connected to the sigma delta modulator, where the quantizer (110) is configured to operate according to a second clock signal (112). In operation, if a small amplitude signal is received by the sigma delta circuit, the circuit is configured to adjust to a different frequency to accommodate the larger signal. When a large amplitude signal is received, the circuit is configured to adjust to a different frequency to accommodate the larger signal. The second clock signal (112) may be a variable clock signal, where the quantizer (110) operates according to a variable clock signal in order to adjust to different input signals.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to devices and methods for image sensing. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a device including a plurality of pixels, wherein each pixel includes a charge transfer device and photodetector, and each of the pixels has a pitch of about microns or less. This aspect further includes a select transistor, a reset transistor, a source follower transistor, and a sense node, wherein the select transistor, the reset transistor, the source follower transistor, and the sense node are shared by the plurality of pixels.
Abstract:
A circuit and related method for digital volume control are provided, where the circuit includes a digital filter configured to process samples of an input stream in a manner that processes a previous input sample during a time interval before a subsequent input sample, and outputs a series of exponentially decaying waveforms. The result is an exponential response to a volume change made by a user, where the change feels more pleasant and natural than a conventional linear response.
Abstract:
A method for controlling communication on a bus (60) connecting a first processor (10), a second processor (40), and a device (70). The method transmits a first control signal from the first processor (10) to the second processor (40) via a control signal line (30), causing a bus connection of the second processor (46) to enter a high-impedance state, transfers data between the device (70) and the first processor (10) via the bus (60), then setting a bus connection of the first processor (16) to the high-impedance state, and transmits a second control signal from the first processor (10) to the second processor (40) via the control signal line (30), causing the bus connection of the second processor (46) to exit the high-impedance state.
Abstract:
An electrical isolation barrier for use in a Data Access Arrangement uses a high frequency (HF) transformer (24) to provide isolation. An input signal (21), which may be analog or digital, is connected to a modulator (22). The analog output of the modulator (22) is connected to the input of the HF transformer (24). The output of the HF transformer (24) is connected to the input of a demodulator (26). Simple amplitude modulation can be used in the modulator (22) to modulate the input signal (21) to the frequency range of operation of the HF transliormer (24). A simple low pass filter may be incorporated in the demodulator (26) to remove harmonic distortion caused by the HF transformer (24). The output signal (27) of the demodulator (26) is substantially the same as input io signal (21).
Abstract:
A method and device (300) are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations (310) are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system (306). The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.
Abstract:
An electronic filter operates as a correlator that provides a discrete approximation of an analog signal (Figure 1, 10, 11, 12, 13). The analog to digital conversion is integrated directly approximation calculation. An array of sample and hold circuits or single bit comparators provide outputs to a series of multipliers, the other input of which is a coefficient value of a Fourier series approximation of the desired frequency response. Each of the sample and hold circuits samples sequentially in time and holds its sample until the next cycle. Thus the sample point rotates in time through the array and each new sample is multiplied by a different coefficient. The output of the multipliers is summed for evaluation.
Abstract:
A voltage regulator for providing a constant voltage to a circuit is described in which a series regulator acts as the current source for a shunt regulator and the series regulator in turn is controlled by the current diverted from the output by the shunt regulator. The current being diverted by the shunt regulator is measured, either directly or by measuring a related operating parameter. When current below or above a certain desired amount is being diverted from the load by the shunt regulator, a signal is sent to the series regulator causing the series regulator to provide more or less current respectively, so that the shunt regulator again diverts the desired amount of current and the output voltage remains constant. This configuration results in efficiency near that of a series regulator while maintaining the better frequency response of a shunt regulator.