Abstract:
A vortex generator system comprises one or more plasma streamwise vortex generators (PSVGs) or plasma wedge vortex generators (PWVGs). The PSVGs and PWVGs each comprises a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a dielectric layer. The first electrode extends in a longitudinal direction. The PSVGs and PWVGs can be installed on a surface arranged to receive airflow in a certain flow direction. The PSVGs have a rectangular first electrode is exposed and extends at least somewhat parallel to the expected flow direction, whereas the first electrode of the PWVGs is more triangular in shape. When an AC voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, a plasma forms along edges of the first electrode. The plasma imposes a body force in a cross-flow direction, which induces a cross-flow velocity that, in combination with the mean flow, produces streamwise-oriented counter-rotating vortices.
Abstract:
Plasma devices (910) and methods for using such plasma devices (910) in analytical measurements are disclosed. In certain examples, a low flow plasma may be operative using a total argon gas flow of less than about five liters per minut and in some embodiments, a plasma argon gas flow of less than about four liter per minute. In other examples, a plasma produced using inductive (920) and capacitive (930, 940) coupling is disclosed.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for oxidizing a combustible material. The method includes introducing a volume of the combustible material into a plasma zone (114) of a gliding electric arc oxidation system (104). The method also includes introducing a volume of oxidizer into the plasma zone (114) of the gliding electric arc oxidation system (104). The volume of oxidizer includes a stoichiometrically excessive amount of oxygen. The method also includes generating an electrical discharge between electrodes within the plasma zone (114) of the gliding electric arc oxidation system (104) to oxidize the combustible material.
Abstract:
A device, method and system for generating a plasma is disclosed wherein an electrical arc is established and the movement of the electrical arc is selectively controlled. In one example, modular units are coupled to one another to collectively define a chamber. Each modular unit may include an electrode and a cathode spaced apart and configured to generate an arc therebetween. A device, such as a magnetic or electromagnetic device, may be used to selectively control the movement of the arc about a longitudinal axis of the chamber. The arcs of individual modules may be individually controlled so as to exhibit similar or dissimilar motions about the longitudinal axis of the chamber. In another embodiment, an inlet structure may be used to selectively define the flow path of matter introduced into the chamber such that it travels in a substantially circular or helical path within the chamber.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum löttechnischen Verbinden von Bauteilen, nämlich von relativ dünnwandigen, nicht-eigenstabilen und damit verzugsanfalligen Bauteilen (10, 11), insbesondere von Blechen, mit zumindest den folgenden Schritten: a) Bereitstellen von mindestens zwei miteinander zu verbindenden, flächigen und relativ dünnwandigen Bauteilen (10, 11) und einer Lotfolie (12); b) Anordnen der Lotfolie (12) zwischen den miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteilen (10, 11); c) Fixieren der miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteile (10, 11) durch Heftschweißen, derart, dass an mindestens einer, von einem Rand der Bauteile beabstandeten Position (13), eine Heftschweißung der Bauteile, zwischen denen die Lotfolie angeordnet ist, erfolgt; d) Lötverbinden der fixierten Bauteile (10, 11).
Abstract:
A pipe system includes first and second pipes having first and second ends welded together forming a girth-weld and a corrosion coating covering the girth-weld. In addition, a flexible sheet is provided to cover the girth-weld. The flexible sheet comprises a first structured layer that mechanically couples to the corrosion coating, where the corrosion coating permeates a substantial portion of the first structured layer. The flexible sheet also includes a second layer comprising a polymer layer adhered to the first layer, the second layer protecting the corrosion coating from mechanical or environmental damage. Alternatively, the protective cover comprises a polymer material and includes a port formed therethrough adapted to receive a delivery mechanism that delivers a corrosion coating to the girth-weld.
Abstract:
A method and system for the dry development of a multi-layer mask is described. A first passivation gas comprises as an incipient ingredient a hydrocarbon gas, while a second passivation gas comprises as an incipient ingredient an oxygen-containing gas.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Fügen von Gegenständen aus Metall, Kunststoff oder Keramik mittels Wärmeeintrag (Löten, Schweißen), wobei Stoffe (Partikel, insbesondere Nanopartikel, Elemente, Atome, Moleküle oder Ionen) in die Fügestelle eingebracht werden. Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein Gasstrom gasförmige Verbindungen zur Fügestelle bringt, die bei erhöhter Temperatur zerfallen und Partikel abscheiden.
Abstract:
A reaction vessel with cyclonic flow for efficiently producing and collecting nanoparticles. An outer helical vortex and an inner helical vortex are formed within the vessel. A reaction apparatus is operated within the inner helical vortex to produce nanoparticles. An outlet nozzle collects the nanoparticles from the inner helical vortex. Larger particles are collected from an outlet nozzle. The vortices formed in the reaction vessel minimize buildup on walls of the reaction vessel and provide a way to rapidly move synthesized particles out of the reaction vessel.