摘要:
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur thermischen Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen (10), wobei in ein Plasmagas (30) thermische Energie durch einen Lichtbogen zwischen mindestens zwei Elektroden (3) eingebracht wird. Das aufgeheizte Plasmagas (30) wird mit den zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffen (10) gemischt, wobei die zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffe (10) auf eine Temperatur größer als 600 °C erwärmt werden, wobei die zu spaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffe (10) zu einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoff und Wasserstoff thermisch gespalten werden. Das Plasmagas (30) weist eine Gasmischung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen (10) und aus Reaktionsgas (20) auf, wobei die Gasmischung aus Kohlenwasserstoffen (10) des Plasmagases (30) und aus Reaktionsgas (20) des Plasmagases (30) ein bestimmtes Verhältnis aufweist. Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.
摘要:
A structure of photochemical reactor (1) comprises a hollow container body (10) having a side wall (11) made of a material arranged to contain an excited luminous plasma with electromagnetic fields and defining a closed excitation chamber (12) in which, in use, an excitable material (15) is present in such a way to obtain a discharge of the excited luminous plasma by microwave irradiation. The hollow container body (10) is provided with at least a hollow (20) that protrudes into the excitation chamber (12) and at least a microwave radiation source positioned, in use, in the hollow (20), and arranged to emit radiations in such a way to excite the excitable material (15) producing a luminous plasma. The structure of photochemical reactor (1) comprises, furthermore, a reaction tube (30) which, in use, passes through the excitation chamber (12) in such a way to be immersed in the luminous plasma. The reaction tube (30) is arranged to contain, in use, predetermined chemical reagents (35) and is made of a material that is transparent to the predetermined optical radiation emitted by the luminous plasma, in such a way that the optical radiation is arranged to hit the chemical reagents (35) for inducing the predetermined photochemical reaction
摘要:
The invention provides a system and method for conversion of raw syngas and tars into refined syngas, while optionally minimizing the parasitic losses of the process and maximizing the usable energy density of the product syngas. The system includes a reactor including a refining chamber for refining syngas comprising one or more inlets configured to promote at least two flow zones: a central zone where syngas and air/process additives flow in a swirling pattern for mixing and combustion in the high temperature central zone; at least one peripheral zone within the reactor which forms a boundary layer of a buffering flow along the reactor walls, (b) plasma torches that inject plasma into the central zone, and (c) air injection patterns that create a recirculation zone to promotes mixing between the high temperature products at the core reaction zone of the vessel and the buffering layer, wherein in the central zone, syngas and air/process additives mixture are ignited in close proximity to the plasma arc, coming into contact with each other, concurrently, at the entrance to the reaction chamber and method of using the system.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for making carbon black having increased surface area, reduced grit and/or reduced extract levels. A plasma gas is flowed into a plasma forming region to form a plasma. The plasma then flows through a throat region which is narrower than the plasma forming section, which is connected to a separate carbon black forming region. This causes the plasma to accelerate and become turbulent prior to the exit point in the throat region. The carbon black forming feedstock is injected into the turbulence created by the throat region at a point above, at or near the exit point, resulting in the formation of a carbon black in the separate carbon black forming region. The throat region and/or injector region can be cooled, e.g., water plasma gas cooled.
摘要:
The inventions described herein are directed to technologies for reforming high temperature feedstreams into clean synthesis gas, more particularly, reactor configurations and methods for reforming pyrogas using non-thermal plasmas. One embodiment provides a plasma reactor comprising: (a) a substantially cylindrical reactor wall having a first closed proximal end and a second open distal end, wherein at least a portion of said wall is configured to comprise a first electrode; and (b) a second elongated electrode electrically separated from the first electrode by an electrical insulator, said electric insulator forming either part or all of the first closed end of the reactor or positioned proximate thereto; and configured to be capable of generating and maintaining a gliding arc plasma discharge within a zone in said reactor.
摘要:
본 발명은 플라즈마 반응부에 근접하여 제1가스 주입관를 위치시키되, 제2가스 주입관은 플라즈마 반응부로부터 멀리 위치시키고, 주입가스 별로 주입관을 교차배열시킴으로서, 제1가스 간에 혼합이 충분히 이루어질 뿐 아니라, 플라즈마 반응영역에서도 제1가스와 제2가스 간의 균일한 플라즈마 반응이 가능하며, 짧은 체류시간 동안 플라즈마 밀도를 높임으로서 플라즈마 퍼짐현상도 최소화되고, 보다 입도제어가 용이하고, 생성입자 간의 입자응집 형성을 억제하고자 한다.