Abstract:
The invention relates to production of lysine, and provides several isolated polynucleotide molecules useful for the production of L-lysine. One such polynucleotide encodes an aspartate kinase (ask), an aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asd) and a dihydrodipicolinate reductase (dapB). Other polypeptides encode ask, asd, dapB and a diaminopimelate dehydrogenase (ddh); ask, asd, dapB, ddh and an ORF2 poypeptide; and ask, asd dapB, ddh, ORF2 and a diaminopimelate decarboxylase (lysA). The invention further provides methods of making and using the polynucleotides, and methods to increase the production of L-lysine.
Abstract:
A process is provided for the preparation of anhydrosugar alcohols. The process involves heating a sugar alcohol or a monoanhydrosugar alcohol starting material in the presence of an acid catalyst, and subsequent purification of the anhydrosugar alcohol. Very high purities are achieved, without the use of organic solvents in the process.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid by fermentative conversion of L-sorbose and/or D-sorbitol. The present invention further relates to novel bacterial strains useful in this process.
Abstract:
A method of forming a colorant having a desired hue comprises mixing a component of a Huito fruit with an amino acid, thus forming a reaction mixture wherein the component of Huito fruit reacts with the amino acid and produces a blue color, and adjusting the hue of the blue color by adjusting the amount of oxygen present during reaction of the component of Huito fruit and the amino acid. The method may comprise adjusting a temperature of the mixing and/or other processing parameters.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a composition comprising a 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product having a greater unsaturated-saturated-unsaturated (USU) fatty acid content on the glycerol moiety than the oil from which it was derived. In an embodiment, the starting oil is cottonseed oil and in USU the U is primarily linoleic acid and the S is primarily palmitic acid. Further, the present invention relates to a method for increasing the USU content in an oil, comprising performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification of a regular starting oil wherein saturated-unsaturated-saturated (SUS) content is greater than the USU content in the starting oil prior to performing 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterification. Due to the greater USU content, the 1,3-selective enzymatic intraesterified oil product has an increased melting temperature and solid fat content and therefore useful for margarines and food spreads as compared to the oil it was produced from.
Abstract:
A process is described for removing formaldehyde from an aqueous glycolaldehyde composition including water, glycolaldehyde and formaldehyde, and in particular embodiments, from a sugars pyrolysis product mixture including at least water, formaldehyde and glycolaldehyde but frequently also comprising glyoxal, acetol, ethylene glycol, acetic acid and pyruvaldehyde, wherein the process comprises contacting the aqueous glycolaldehyde composition with a cationic ion exchange resin in the calcium form to preferentially retain formaldehyde thereon and provide a reduced formaldehyde content aqueous glycolaldehyde product.
Abstract:
Selective hydrogenation processes are disclosed that can upgrade impure feeds, such as those obtained from biomass and containing a number of small (e.g., 2-6 carbon atom) molecules having aldehyde and/or ketone carbon atoms. For example, whereas glycolaldehyde and its methylated derivative, hydroxyacetone (acetol) are both high value intermediates for certain downstream processing reactions, they are normally recovered in a condensate from pyrolysis of carbohydrates (e.g., aldose-containing sugars) together with glyoxal and its methylated derivative, pyruvaldehyde. The selective hydrogenation of these compounds bearing two carbonyl carbon atoms, without over-hydrogenation to ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, can increase the concentration of the desired intermediates. These beneficial effects of selective hydrogenation may be achieved through the use of a hydrogenation catalyst comprising noble metals such as Ru and Pt.
Abstract:
A method and modified fermentation intermediate are disclosed for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The method comprises heat sterilizing a fermentation medium comprising dextrose to produce a heat sterilized fermentation medium, wherein the heat sterilizing converts at least a portion of the dextrose to DP2+ sugars. The method comprises combining the heat sterilized fermentation medium with an enzyme capable of converting DP2+ sugars to dextrose, thereby producing a modified heat sterilized fermentation medium comprising more dextrose and less DP+2 sugars than without combining the medium with the enzyme. The modified heat sterilized fermentation intermediate may be placed in contact with a microorganism to produce PUFA, wherein the microorganism is capable of utilizing dextrose to produce PUFA.
Abstract:
Improvements in catalyst systems and associated processes for the conversion of glycolaldehyde to monoethanolamine are disclosed. The catalyst systems exhibit improved selectivity to this desired product and consequently reduced selectivity to byproducts such as diethanolamine and ethylene glycol. These beneficial effects are achieved through the use of acids, and particularly Lewis acids, as co-catalysts of the reductive amination reaction, in conjunction with a hydrogenation catalyst.
Abstract:
Improvements in catalysts and associated processes for the conversion of glycolaldehyde to diethanolamine are disclosed. The catalysts exhibit improved selectivity to this desired product and consequently reduced selectivity to monoethanolamine, compared to conventional processes. These beneficial effects are achieved through the use of a hydrogenation catalyst comprising at least one noble metal.