Abstract:
An improved method is provided for the quantitative analysis of mixtures including various sugars, sugar alcohols and related dehydration products, whereby these are enabled to be effectively and accurately quantitated through gas chromatography, for example, by their derivatization with a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or halide in the presence of a metal triflate catalyst. The method can be carried out at essentially room temperature conditions, with a sufficiently rapid and complete derivatization, even in the presence of substantial amounts of water, that the materials to be quantitated do not substantially break down or degrade and substantially completely accounted for in a derivatized form.
Abstract:
Improved production of threonine from E. coli by fermentation is accomplished by attenuation of the expression of either or both of the yafV gene encoding omega-amidase (a.k.a. 2-oxoglutaramate amidase). The strain also has attenuated expression of the ilvA gene encoding threonine dehydratase (a.k.a threonine deaminase). Attenuation is accomplished by engineering these genes to contain a weaker ribosome site.
Abstract:
Described herein are Schizosaccharomyces pombe yeast strains genetically engineered to produce lactic acid, wherein the best performing strains have two copies of a heterologous lactate dehydrogenase gene codon optimized for expression in S. pombe in combination with inactivation of specific alleles encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GDP). The specific alleles that are deleted are PDC201, ADH1 ADH4, and/or GDP1. The exogenous LDH genes are expressed by the S. pombe actin promoter discovered to be a constitutive high activity promoter, which may be operably linked to any gene of interest for expression in S. pombe. Also disclosed are several variant LDH genes from a variety of species that produce high levels of lactic acid when expressed in S. pombe cells.
Abstract:
Methods of binding ingredients of a meat alternative product are disclosed. One method comprises mixing a first hydrocolloid and a second hydrocolloid with a protein, thus producing the meat alternative product and forming the meat alternative product to a desired shape. Another method includes mixing a first hydrocolloid, a second hydrocolloid, and a protein, thus producing the meat alternative product and hydrating the meat alternative product. Products produced by the methods are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Non-animal protein-based cheeses and processes for producing are disclosed. A process of producing a cheese base includes mixing a hydrated non-animal protein with a fat, thus producing a mixture, and mixing an acid with the mixture to form a curd. The curd may be used to form soft or hard cheeses. The curd may be mixed with different ingredients, thus producing a mixture. The mixture may be mixed, thus producing a cheese composition and placed into a mold.
Abstract:
A process for producing degummed, fatty acid-depleted, bleached and deodorized palm oil with no altered solid fat content and containing 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD in an amount of less than 2.5mg/kg; GE in an amount of less than 1.0mg/kg; and DAK in an amount of less than 25.0mg/kg is provided. The disclosed process is a quick, cost-effective and easily scalable process for producing refined palm oil of high quality.
Abstract:
Methods are disclosed for the purification of crude compositions comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester (FDME) or other diester derivatives (e.g., dialkyl ester derivatives) of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), by crystallization. In this regard, certain solvents, and classes of solvents, have been discovered to promote the selective crystallization of FDME over impurities often generated in its production by FDCA esterification and other upstream processing steps. Importantly, certain impurities that are selectively removed include those that would otherwise be detrimental to the color and/or color stability of the purified composition. Other improvements in crystallization reside in the use of techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction and pre-treatment of the crystallization solution by contact with a solid medium.
Abstract:
A process comprises continuously adding a first stream and a second stream to a sulfonation vessel, wherein the first stream comprises aminoethanol sulfate ester (AES) and the second stream comprises an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite (Na2SO3). The process comprises continuously mixing the AES and the aqueous solution of Na2SO3 in the sulfonation vessel, thus producing a mixture. The process comprises continuously subjecting the mixture to heat in the presence of an inert gas, thus converting the AES to the taurine via sulfonation. In an aspect, the AES has a residence time of no more than four hours in the sulfonation vessel. In an aspect the heating step is conducted at a temperature of at least 115° C and a pressure of at least 200 psi.
Abstract:
Various processes for the pyrolysis of carbohydrates to prepare products such as glycolaldehyde are described. Also, various catalysts and processes for preparing catalysts useful for carbohydrate pyrolysis are described.
Abstract:
A method of forming an ultra-fine starch/flour product comprises at least one of (a) or (b), wherein (a) comprises heating a mixture of water and native/modified starch/flour, and extruding the mixture with a screw configuration comprising in series at least one low-shear forward conveying screw and at least one high-shear mixing screw to produce an extrudate. Step (b) comprises forming a mixture of water, a lipid, and native/modified starch/flour, and drying the mixture to produce a dried lipid starch/flour intermediate. The starting starch/flour may be milled prior or after steps (a) or (b). The ultra-fine starch/flour particle product has a higher water solubility as compared to a starch/flour particle product that is produced with a screw configuration devoid of a high shear mixing screw, or a starch/flour intermediate produced in (b) without a lipid. In an embodiment, the method is devoid of chemical or enzyme reaction.