Abstract:
Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for forming a low-metal biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. The method comprises the steps of filtering a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil with a high flux rate filter arrangement having a flux rate of 10 L/m2/hr or greater to form a low-solids biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The low-solids biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is filtered with a fine filter arrangement having a pore diameter of 50 µm or less to form an ultralow-solids biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The ultralow-solids biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is contacted with an ion-exchange resin to remove metal ions and form the low-metal biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.
Abstract translation:提供了用于形成低金属生物质衍生的热解油的方法和装置的实施例。 该方法包括以通量为10L / m 2 /小时或更高流量的高通量速率过滤装置过滤来自生物质的热解油的步骤,以形成低固体生物质衍生的裂解油。 低固体生物质衍生的热解油用细孔直径为50μm或更小的精细过滤装置过滤以形成超低固体生物质衍生的热解油。 将超低固体生物质衍生的热解油与离子交换树脂接触以除去金属离子并形成低金属生物质衍生的裂解油。
Abstract:
In one embodiment, the invention is to an ion exchange resin composition comprising a metal-functionalized exchange resin comprising from 3 % to 94 % metal-functionalized active sites; and a non-metal-functionalized exchange resin comprising non-metal-functionalized active sites.
Abstract:
Low metal, low water biomass-derived pyrolysis oils and methods for producing the same are provided. Metal- and water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is contacted with an acidic ion-exchange resin having sulfonic acid groups to produce a low metal, water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The low metal, water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is removed from the spent ion-exchange resin after ion-exchange. The low metal, water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is distilled to produce a low metal, low water biomass-derived pyrolysis oil and a distillation product. The distillation product comprises one or both of an alcohol ion-exchange regenerant and an acidic ion-exchange regenerant which may be used to regenerate the spent ion-exchange resin. The regenerated acidic ion-exchange resin may be recycled. The spent alcohol and acid ion-exchange regenerants may be recovered and recycled.
Abstract:
A method is described for obtaining purified 68 Ga. The method comprises eluting 68 Ga from a sorbent in and/or on which are sorbed 68 Ga and 68 Ge, so as to generate a crude 68 Ga solution. The sorbent should have a higher affinity for 68 Ge than for 68 Ga. The crude 68 Ga solution is then applied to a medium cation exchange resin, and the resin is eluted with an aqueous alcohol so as to retain the 68 Ga on the resin and remove unwanted species from the resin. The resin is then eluted with an eluent, which may be an acidic solution, an alkaline solution or a solution of a species capable of complexing 68 Ga ions, so as to obtain an eluate comprising purified 68 Ga ions.
Abstract:
This invention generally relates to processes for recovering solubilized noble metals from aqueous process streams, in particular, aqueous process streams generated in the preparation of an N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine product, for example, by noble metal-catalyzed oxidation of an N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid substrate. The process includes contacting the aqueous process stream with a noble metal adsorption media such as an ion exchange resin to remove solubilized noble metal from the process stream.
Abstract:
A process of fluoride removal from wastewater streams produced during industrial operation for further industrial use or to comply with environmental regulations. The process segregates the removal of fluoride and fluorosilicate ions, from the totality of ions in the wastewater stream, thus improving treatment efficiency and reducing costs. Ion-exchange chromatography is used to remove the fluoride and fluorosilicate ions by passing the wastewater stream through one or more columns that contain a charge resin, which selectively binds cations/anions in the stream. The fluoride ions are washed from the column and then collected for removal or use in other processes.
Abstract:
An electroless nickel plating solution circulating system comprising (A) an electroless plating step in which plating is carried out by using a plating solution which contains nickel hypophosphite which is the main supplying chemical of plating metal ions N and hypophosphite ions H2P02 (B) a step in which HP03 ions are removed from the aged plating solution from the step (A); (C) a desalting step and (D) a recirculating step in which the plating solution is returned to the nonelectrolytic plating step (A) after its components are adjusted. Sulfates are not produced and accumulated in the plating solution and a long life of the plating solution can be achieved, which contributes to the global environmental protection.
Abstract:
Materials for coating, coating compositions, methods and articles of manufacture comprising a nanoparticle system or employing the same to impart surface modifying benefits for all types of hard surfaces are disclosed. In some embodiments, dispersement of nanoparticles in a suitable carrier medium allows for the creation of coating compositions, methods and articles of manufacture that create multi-use benefits to modified hard surfaces. In some embodiments, actively curing the coating composition on the hard surfaces, including, but not limited to by radiative heating the air surrounding the hard surface with the coating thereon can be used to increase the durability of the hard surface coating.