Abstract:
The use of an anode catalyst layer in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the anode catalyst layer comprising a carbon monoxide tolerant catalyst material, wherein the catalyst material comprises: (i) a binary alloy of PtX, wherein X is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, V and Cr, and wherein the atomic percentage of platinum in the alloy is from 45 to 80 atomic% and the atomic percentage of X in the alloy is from 20 to 55 atomic%; and (ii) a support material on which the PtX alloy is dispersed; wherein the total loading of platinum in the anode catalyst layer is from 0.01 to 0.2 mgPt/cm 2 ; and wherein during operation of the fuel cell an impure hydrogen stream comprising up to 5ppm carbon monoxide is fed to the anode is disclosed..
Abstract translation:在质子交换膜燃料电池中使用阳极催化剂层,阳极催化剂层包含一氧化碳耐受催化剂材料,其中催化剂材料包括:(i)PtX的二元合金,其中X是选自 由Ti,V和Cr组成的组,其中合金中铂的原子百分比为45〜80原子%,合金中X的原子百分比为20〜55原子%。 和(ii)分散有PtX合金的载体材料; 其中铂在阳极催化剂层中的总载量为0.01至0.2mgPt / cm 2; 并且其中在燃料电池操作期间,公开了包含高达5ppm一氧化碳的不纯氢气流供给到阳极。
Abstract:
According to one embodiment, a platinum alloy particle includes a core comprising a material that is different from platinum. A shell on the core comprises platinum. The shell has a plurality of facets. At least a majority of the facets are {111} facets.
Abstract:
Methods of forming metal nanoparticle-graphene composites are provided. The methods can include mixing a metal precursor with graphite oxide in the presence of a liquid medium to form a metal precursor-graphite oxide mixture, and exfoliating the graphite oxide and reducing the metal precursor in the metal precursor-graphite oxide mixture to deposit metal nanoparticles on a first major surface of a graphene sheet formed by exfoliation of the graphite oxide.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur de réduction cathodique et tolérant au méthanol, ces nanoparticules comprenant un centre métallique et une sous-monocouche d'un chalcogène.
Abstract:
An example of a stable electrode structure is to use a gradient electrode that employs large platinum particle catalyst in the close proximity to the membrane supported on conventional carbon and small platinum particles in the section of the electrode closer to a GDL supported on a stabilized carbon. Some electrode parameters that contribute to electrode performance stability and reduced change in ECA are platinum-to-carbon ratio, size of platinum particles in various parts of the electrode, use of other stable catalysts instead of large particle size platinum (alloy, etc), depth of each gradient sublayer. Another example of a stable electrode structure is to use a mixture of platinum particle sizes on a carbon support, such as using platinum particles that may be 6 nanometers and 3 nanometers. A conductive support is typically one or more of the carbon blacks.
Abstract:
Electrochemical cell electrode (100) comprising a nanostructured catalyst support layer (102) having first and second generally opposed major sides (103,104). The first side (103) comprises nanostructured elements (106) comprising support whiskers (108) projecting away from the first side (103). The support whiskers (108) have a first nanoscopic electrocatalyst layer (110) thereon, and a second nanoscopic electrocatalyst layer (112) on the second side (104) comprising a precious metal alloy. Electrochemical cell electrodes (100) described herein are useful, for example, as a fuel cell catalyst electrode for a fuel cell.
Abstract:
Elongated noble-metal nanoparticles and methods for their manufacture are disclosed. The method involves the formation of a plurality of elongated noble-metal nanoparticles by electrochemical deposition of the noble metal on a high surface area carbon support, such as carbon nanoparticles. Prior to electrochemical deposition, the carbon support may be functionalized by oxidation, thus making the manufacturing process simple and cost-effective. The generated elongated nanoparticles are covalently bound to the carbon support and can be used directly in electrocatalysis. The process provides elongated noble-metal nanoparticles with high catalytic activities and improved durability in combination with high catalyst utilization since the nanoparticles are deposited and covalently bound to the carbon support in their final position and will not change in forming an electrode assembly.