公开(公告)号：WO2008097297A2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-14

申请号：PCT/US2007024233

申请日：2007-11-20

Applicant: SION POWER CORP ,  AFFINITO JOHN D

Inventor： AFFINITO JOHN D

IPC: B05D7/24

CPC classification number: B05D1/34 ,  B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/067 ,  B05D3/068 ,  C23C14/12 ,  C23C14/243 ,  C23C14/246 ,  C23C16/4486

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods for supplying one or more vapors, under reduced pressure, to an environment. The vapor may comprise at least one polymerizable component. In some cases, at least two components may be combined to form the vapor. The components may be provided as separate vapor streams, which may be combined and homogenized. Methods of the invention may also be useful in the deposition of materials on the surface of a substrate. In some cases, the material may form a layer, such as a polymer layer, on the surface of a substrate. The present invention may be useful in applications that require the formation of homogeneous films on the surface of a substrate.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及在减压下将一种或多种蒸气供给到环境中的方法。 蒸气可以包含至少一个可聚合组分。 在一些情况下，可组合至少两种组分以形成蒸气。 组分可以作为单独的蒸气流提供，其可以组合和均化。 本发明的方法还可用于在衬底的表面上沉积材料。 在一些情况下，材料可以在基底的表面上形成诸如聚合物层的层。 本发明可用于需要在基材表面上形成均匀膜的应用中。

公开(公告)号：WO03072273A8

公开(公告)日：2004-03-18

申请号：PCT/US0305912

申请日：2003-02-26

Applicant: MOLTECH CORP ,  AFFINITO JOHN D

Inventor： AFFINITO JOHN D

IPC: B05D3/04 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D7/24 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/36

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0493 ,  B05D3/067 ,  B05D3/068 ,  B05D2252/02 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/366

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer coating method. In the method, in a vacuum chamber, a low temperature monomer evaporation chamber is used to heat a liquid monomer and a cooled substrate at a temperature lower than the liquid monomer reservoir or vapor. The liquid monomer is allowed to condense on the cooled substrate surface where it is polymerized by a radiation source. The process depends on the vapor pressure difference between liquid in the monomer source and liquid condensed on the surface of the cooled substrate. The film thickness is dependent on the temperature difference between the monomer reservoir and the substrate, and the time that is required to move the coated substrate from the evaporation chamber to the cure station. The method is suitable for forming very thin, uniform, pinhole-free, polymer coatings from a variety of monomers, having at least two olefinic groups per molecule, on a variety of substrates.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种聚合物涂覆方法。 在该方法中，在真空室中，使用低温单体蒸发室，在低于液体单体储存器或蒸气的温度下加热液体单体和冷却的基板。 允许液体单体冷凝在冷却的基底表面上，在那里它被辐射源聚合。 该过程取决于单体源中的液体与冷却的基底表面上冷凝的液体之间的蒸气压差。 膜厚度取决于单体储存器和基板之间的温度差，以及将涂覆的基材从蒸发室移动到固化站所需的时间。 该方法适用于在各种基材上从各种单体形成非常薄，均匀，无针孔的聚合物涂层，其各分子具有至少两个烯属基团。

公开(公告)号：WO2003072273A1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-04

申请号：PCT/US2003/005912

申请日：2003-02-26

Applicant: MOLTECH CORPORATION ,  AFFINITO, John, D.

Inventor： AFFINITO, John, D.

IPC: B05D7/24

CPC classification number: B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0493 ,  B05D3/067 ,  B05D3/068 ,  B05D2252/02 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/366

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer coating method. In the method, in a vacuum chamber, a low temperature monomer evaporation chamber is used to heat a liquid monomer and a cooled substrate at a temperature lower than the liquid monomer reservoir or vapor. The liquid monomer is allowed to condense on the cooled substrate surface where it is polymerized by a radiation source. The process depends on the vapor pressure difference between liquid in the monomer source and liquid condensed on the surface of the cooled substrate. The film thickness is dependent on the temperature difference between the monomer reservoir and the substrate, and the time that is required to move the coated substrate from the evaporation chamber to the cure station. The method is suitable for forming very thin, uniform, pinhole-free, polymer coatings from a variety of monomers, having at least two olefinic groups per molecule, on a variety of substrates.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种聚合物涂覆方法。 在该方法中，在真空室中，使用低温单体蒸发室，在低于液体单体储存器或蒸气的温度下加热液体单体和冷却的基板。 允许液体单体冷凝在冷却的基底表面上，在那里它被辐射源聚合。 该过程取决于单体源中的液体与冷却的基底表面上冷凝的液体之间的蒸气压差。 膜厚度取决于单体储存器和基板之间的温度差，以及将涂覆的基材从蒸发室移动到固化站所需的时间。 该方法适用于在各种基材上从各种单体形成非常薄，均匀，无针孔的聚合物涂层，其各分子具有至少两个烯属基团。

公开(公告)号：WO2012116156A3

公开(公告)日：2012-11-22

申请号：PCT/US2012026281

申请日：2012-02-23

Applicant: SION POWER CORP ,  CAMPBELL CHRISTOPHER T S ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  KELLEY TRACY EARL

Inventor： CAMPBELL CHRISTOPHER T S ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  KELLEY TRACY EARL

IPC: H01M6/30 ,  H01M2/10

CPC classification number: H01M4/136 ,  H01G11/24 ,  H01G11/30 ,  H01G11/32 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M4/663 ,  H01M4/668 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M4/803 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  Y02T10/7022

Abstract: The present invention relates to porous structures for energy storage devices. In some embodiments, the porous structure can comprise sulfur and be used in electrochemical cells. Such materials may be useful, for example, in forming one or more electrodes in an electrochemical cell. For example, the systems and methods described herein may comprise the use of an electrode comprising a conductive porous support structure and a plurality of particles comprising sulfur (e.g., as an active species) substantially contained within the pores of the support structure. The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that, in some embodiments, the sizes of the pores within the porous support structure and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can be tailored such that the contact between the electrolyte and the sulfur is enhanced, while the electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the electrode are maintained at sufficiently high levels to allow for effective operation of the cell. Also, the sizes of the pores within the porous support structures and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can be selected such that any suitable ratio of sulfur to support material can be achieved while maintaining mechanical stability in the electrode. The inventors have also unexpectedly discovered that the use of porous support structures comprising certain materials (e.g., metals such as nickel) can lead to relatively large increases in cell performance. In some embodiments, methods for forming sulfur particles within pores of a porous support structure allow for a desired relationship between the particle size and pore size. The sizes of the pores within the porous support structure and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can also be tailored such that the resulting electrode is able to withstand the application of an anisotropic force, while maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于能量存储装置的多孔结构。 在一些实施方案中，多孔结构可以包含硫并且可以用于电化学电池中。 例如，这种材料可用于在电化学电池中形成一个或多个电极。 例如，本文所述的系统和方法可以包括使用包含导电多孔支撑结构和基本上包含在支撑结构的孔内的包含硫（例如作为活性物质）的多个粒子的电极。 本发明人出乎意料地发现，在一些实施方案中，多孔载体结构内的孔的尺寸和/或孔内颗粒的尺寸可以被调整，使得电解质和硫之间的接触增强，而 电极的电导率和结构完整性保持在足够高的水平以允许电池的有效操作。 而且，可以选择多孔载体结构内的孔的尺寸和/或孔内颗粒的尺寸，使得可以实现硫与载体材料的任何合适的比例，同时维持电极中的机械稳定性。 发明人还出乎意料地发现，使用包含某些材料（例如，诸如镍的金属）的多孔载体结构可以导致电池性能的相对较大的增加。 在一些实施方案中，用于在多孔载体结构的孔内形成硫颗粒的方法允许颗粒尺寸和孔尺寸之间的期望关系。 多孔载体结构内孔的尺寸和/或孔内颗粒的尺寸也可以定制，使得所得电极能够承受施加各向异性力，同时保持电极的结构完整性。

公开(公告)号：WO2011028251A2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-10

申请号：PCT/US2010/002326

申请日：2010-08-24

Applicant: SION POWER CORPORATION ,  AFFINITO, John, D. ,  MARTENS, John, A. ,  XIAO, Ang ,  CAMPBELL, Christopher, T., S.

Inventor： AFFINITO, John, D. ,  MARTENS, John, A. ,  XIAO, Ang ,  CAMPBELL, Christopher, T., S.

IPC: H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M10/05 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/66

CPC classification number: H01M4/667 ,  B32B37/12 ,  B32B2037/246 ,  B32B2038/168 ,  B32B2307/748 ,  B32B2310/0806 ,  B32B2457/10 ,  H01M4/0404 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/139 ,  H01M4/1395 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/662 ,  H01M10/052

Abstract: Electrochemical cells, and more specifically, release systems for the fabrication of electrochemical cells are described. In particular, release layer arrangements, assemblies, methods and compositions that facilitate the fabrication of electrochemical cell components, such as electrodes, are presented. In some embodiments, methods of fabricating an electrode involve the use of a release layer to separate portions of the electrode from a carrier substrate on which the electrode was fabricated. For example, an intermediate electrode assembly may include, in sequence, an electroactive material layer, a current collector layer, a release layer, and a carrier substrate. The carrier substrate can facilitate handling of the electrode during fabrication and/or assembly, but may be released from the electrode prior to commercial use.

Abstract translation: 描述了电化学电池，并且更具体地描述了用于制造电化学电池的释放系统。 具体而言，提出了促进制造电化学电池组件（例如电极）的释放层布置，组件，方法和组合物。 在一些实施例中，制造电极的方法涉及使用释放层来将电极的部分与制造电极的载体衬底分离。 例如，中间电极组件可以依次包括电活性材料层，集电器层，隔离层和载体衬底。 载体衬底可以便于在制造和/或组装期间处理电极，但可以在商业使用之前从电极释放。

公开(公告)号：WO2007111901A3

公开(公告)日：2007-11-29

申请号：PCT/US2007007005

申请日：2007-03-21

Applicant: SION POWER CORP ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  GERONOV YORDAN M ,  SHEEHAN CHRISTOPHER J

Inventor： AFFINITO JOHN D ,  MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  GERONOV YORDAN M ,  SHEEHAN CHRISTOPHER J

IPC: H01M10/44 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/36

CPC classification number: H01M10/44 ,  H01M4/0402 ,  H01M4/0407 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/387 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/24

Abstract: Electrode protection in electrochemical cells in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries, are presented. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode comprising lithium and a multi-layered structure positioned between the anode and an electrolyte of the cell. A multi-layered structure can include at least a first single-ion conductive material layer (e.g., a lithiated metal layer), and at least a first polymeric layer positioned between the anode and the single-ion conductive material. The electrode comprises e.g. : a first layer comprising the active electrode species; a second layer comprising the active electrode species; and a single-ion conductive layer separating the first layer from the second layer and substantially preventing electronic communication between the first and second layers across the layer, is also disclosed. The invention also can provide an electrode stabilization layer positioned within the electrode, i.e., between one portion and another portion of an electrode, to control depletion and re-plating of electrode material upon charge and discharge of a battery.

Abstract translation: 介绍了电化学电池在水性和非水电化学电池（包括可再充电锂电池）中的电极保护。 在一个实施例中，电化学电池包括包含锂的阳极和位于电池的阳极和电解质之间的多层结构。 多层结构可以包括至少第一单离子导电材料层（例如，锂化金属层）和至少第一聚合物层，其位于阳极和单离子导电材料之间。 电极包括例如 ：包含活性电极种类的第一层; 包含所述活性电极种类的第二层; 并且还公开了将第一层与第二层分开并且基本上防止穿过该层的第一层和第二层之间的电子连通的单离子传导层。 本发明还可以提供一种位于电极内，即电极的一部分与另一部分之间的电极稳定层，以在电池充电和放电时控制电极材料的耗尽和再镀层。

公开(公告)号：WO2012027457A3

公开(公告)日：2012-05-24

申请号：PCT/US2011048944

申请日：2011-08-24

Applicant: SION POWER CORP ,  MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  KOVALEV IGOR ,  SCHOCK RILEY OAKS

Inventor： MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  KOVALEV IGOR ,  SCHOCK RILEY OAKS

IPC: H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/26

CPC classification number: H01M10/0583 ,  H01M2/14 ,  H01M2/145 ,  H01M4/13 ,  H01M4/139 ,  H01M10/052 ,  Y10T29/49117

Abstract: Articles, systems, and methods related to the configuration of electrically non- conductive materials and related components in electrochemical cells are generally described. Some inventive electrochemical cell configurations include an electrically non-conductive material (e.g., as part of the electrolyte) that is configured to wrap around the edge of an electrode to prevent short circuiting of the electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, the electrically non-conductive material layer can be arranged such that it includes first and second portions (one on either side of an electrode) as well as a third portion adjacent the edge of the electrode that directly connects (and, in some cases, is substantially continuous with) the first and second portions. The electrically non- conductive material layer can be relatively thin while maintaining relatively high electrical insulation between the anode and the cathode, allowing one to produce an electrochemical cell with a relatively low mass and/or volume. The arrangements described above can be formed, for example, by forming a multi-layer structure comprising an electrode and an electrically non-conductive material layer (e.g., as a coating), and folding the multi-layer structure such that the electrically non-conductive material covers the convex surface portion of the resulting crease.

Abstract translation: 通常描述与电化学电池中的非导电材料和相关组分的配置相关的制品，系统和方法。 一些本发明的电化学电池构造包括被配置为围绕电极的边缘缠绕的非导电材料（例如，作为电解质的一部分），以防止电化学电池的短路。 在一些实施例中，非导电材料层可以被布置成使得其包括第一和第二部分（一个在电极的任一侧上）以及与电极的边缘相邻的第三部分，其直接连接（和， 一些情况，基本上连续）第一和第二部分。 电非导电材料层可以相对较薄，同时在阳极和阴极之间保持相对较高的电绝缘，从而允许产生具有相对较低质量和/或体积的电化学电池。 上述布置可以例如通过形成包括电极和非导电材料层（例如，作为涂层）的多层结构而形成，并且折叠多层结构， 导电材料覆盖所产生的折痕的凸表面部分。

公开(公告)号：WO2009054987A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：PCT/US2008/012042

申请日：2008-10-23

Applicant: SION POWER CORPORATION ,  WANG, Yongzhong ,  XU, Zhesheng ,  AFFINITO, John, D. ,  SKAGGS, Charles, D.

Inventor： WANG, Yongzhong ,  XU, Zhesheng ,  AFFINITO, John, D. ,  SKAGGS, Charles, D.

IPC: H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/66

CPC classification number: H01M4/622 ,  H01M4/0404 ,  H01M4/139 ,  H01M4/621 ,  H01M4/623 ,  H01M4/667 ,  H01M10/052 ,  Y02E60/122

Abstract: Primer arrangements that facilitate electrical conduction and adhesive connection between an electroactive material and a current collector are presented. In some embodiments, primer arrangements described herein include first and second primer layers. The first primer layer may be designed to provide good adhesion to a conductive support. In one particular embodiment, the first primer layer comprises a substantially uncrosslinked polymer having hydroxyl functional groups, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol. The materials used to form the second primer layer may be chosen such that the second primer layer adheres well to both the first primer layer and an electroactive layer. In certain embodiments including combinations of first and second primer layers, one or both of the first and second primer layers comprises less than 30% by weight of a crosslinked polymeric material. A primer including only a single layer of polymeric material is also provided.

Abstract translation: 提出了促进电活性材料和集电器之间的导电和粘合剂连接的底漆布置。 在一些实施方案中，本文所述的引物排列包括第一和第二底漆层。 第一底漆层可以设计成提供对导电性支持体的良好粘合性。 在一个具体实施方案中，第一底漆层包含具有羟基官能团的基本上未交联的聚合物，例如聚乙烯醇。 可以选择用于形成第二底漆层的材料，使得第二底漆层很好地粘附到第一底漆层和电活性层两者上。 在包括第一和第二底层的组合的某些实施方案中，第一和第二底层中的一个或两个包含小于30重量％的交联聚合物材料。 还提供了仅包含单层聚合材料的底漆。

公开(公告)号：WO2007111895A3

公开(公告)日：2007-12-06

申请号：PCT/US2007006962

申请日：2007-03-21

Applicant: SION POWER CORP ,  AFFINITO JOHN D ,  MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  GERONOV YORDAN M ,  SHEEHAN CHRISTOPHER J

Inventor： AFFINITO JOHN D ,  MIKHAYLIK YURIY V ,  GERONOV YORDAN M ,  SHEEHAN CHRISTOPHER J

IPC: H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/24 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M10/44

CPC classification number: H01M10/44 ,  H01M4/0402 ,  H01M4/0407 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M4/24 ,  H01M4/366 ,  H01M4/382 ,  H01M4/387 ,  H01M4/40 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/24

Abstract: Electrochemical cells, and more specifically, rechargeable batteries comprising lithium anodes (20) for use in water and/or air environments, as well as non-aqueous and non- air environments, are presented. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode (20) comprising lithium and a multi-layered structure positioned between the anode and an electrolyte (60) of the cell. A multi-layered structure can include at least a first single- ion conductive material layer (e.g., a lithiated metal layer), (40,42) and at least a first polymeric layer (50,52) positioned between the anode and the single-ion conductive material. The invention also can provide an electrode stabilization layer (24) positioned within the electrode, i.e., between one portion (21) and another portion of an electrode (23), to control depletion and re-plating of electrode material upon charge and discharge of a battery. Advantageously, electrochemical cells comprising combinations of structures described herein are not only compatible with environments that are typically unsuitable for lithium, but the cells may be also capable of displaying long cycle life, high lithium cycling efficiency, and high energy density.

Abstract translation: 提出了电化学电池，更具体地说，包括用于水和/或空气环境的锂阳极（20）以及非水和非空气环境的可再充电电池。 在一个实施例中，电化学电池包括包含锂的阳极（20）和位于电池的阳极和电解质（60）之间的多层结构。 多层结构可以包括至少第一单离子导电材料层（例如，锂化金属层），（40,42）和至少第一聚合物层（50,52），其位于阳极和单体之间 导电材料。 本发明还可以提供一种位于电极内的电极稳定层（24），即在一个部分（21）和一个电极（23）的另一部分之间，以控制在充电和放电时电极材料的耗尽和再镀覆 一个电池 有利地，包含本文所述结构的电化学电池不仅与通常不适合于锂的环境兼容，而且电池还可以显示长循环寿命，高锂循环效率和高能量密度。

公开(公告)号：WO2012116156A2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-30

申请号：PCT/US2012/026281

申请日：2012-02-23

Applicant: SION POWER CORPORATION ,  CAMPBELL, Christopher, T.S. ,  AFFINITO, John, D. ,  KELLEY, Tracy, Earl

Inventor： CAMPBELL, Christopher, T.S. ,  AFFINITO, John, D. ,  KELLEY, Tracy, Earl

IPC: H01M6/30 ,  H01M2/10

CPC classification number: H01M4/136 ,  H01G11/24 ,  H01G11/30 ,  H01G11/32 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M4/663 ,  H01M4/668 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M4/803 ,  Y02E60/13 ,  Y02T10/7022

Abstract: The present invention relates to porous structures for energy storage devices. In some embodiments, the porous structure can comprise sulfur and be used in electrochemical cells. Such materials may be useful, for example, in forming one or more electrodes in an electrochemical cell. For example, the systems and methods described herein may comprise the use of an electrode comprising a conductive porous support structure and a plurality of particles comprising sulfur (e.g., as an active species) substantially contained within the pores of the support structure. The inventors have unexpectedly discovered that, in some embodiments, the sizes of the pores within the porous support structure and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can be tailored such that the contact between the electrolyte and the sulfur is enhanced, while the electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the electrode are maintained at sufficiently high levels to allow for effective operation of the cell. Also, the sizes of the pores within the porous support structures and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can be selected such that any suitable ratio of sulfur to support material can be achieved while maintaining mechanical stability in the electrode. The inventors have also unexpectedly discovered that the use of porous support structures comprising certain materials (e.g., metals such as nickel) can lead to relatively large increases in cell performance. In some embodiments, methods for forming sulfur particles within pores of a porous support structure allow for a desired relationship between the particle size and pore size. The sizes of the pores within the porous support structure and/or the sizes of the particles within the pores can also be tailored such that the resulting electrode is able to withstand the application of an anisotropic force, while maintaining the structural integrity of the electrode.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及能量储存装置的多孔结构。 在一些实施方案中，多孔结构可以包含硫并用于电化学电池中。 这样的材料可用于例如在电化学电池中形成一个或多个电极。 例如，本文所述的系统和方法可以包括使用包括导电多孔支撑结构的电极和包含基本上包含在支撑结构的孔内的硫（例如，作为活性物质）的多个颗粒。 发明人意外地发现，在一些实施例中，多孔支撑结构内的孔的尺寸和/或孔内的颗粒的尺寸可以被调整为使得电解质和硫之间的接触增强，而 电极的导电性和结构完整性保持在足够高的水平以允许电池的有效操作。 此外，可以选择多孔支撑结构内的孔的尺寸和/或孔内的颗粒的尺寸，使得可以在保持电极中的机械稳定性的同时实现硫与载体材料的任何合适比例。 本发明人还意外地发现，使用包含某些材料（例如金属如镍）的多孔支撑结构可导致电池性能的相对较大的增加。 在一些实施方案中，用于在多孔载体结构的孔内形成硫颗粒的方法允许颗粒尺寸和孔径之间的所需关系。 多孔支撑结构内的孔的尺寸和/或孔内的颗粒的尺寸也可以被调整，使得所得的电极能够承受施加各向异性的力，同时保持电极的结构完整性。