公开(公告)号：WO2006124772A3

公开(公告)日：2008-01-03

申请号：PCT/US2006018722

申请日：2006-05-16

Applicant: FUEL TECH INC ,  MARTIN J DAVID ,  SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  SCHULZ KENT W ,  SUN WILLIAM H ,  BOHLEN SCOTT K

Inventor： MARTIN J DAVID ,  SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  SCHULZ KENT W ,  SUN WILLIAM H ,  BOHLEN SCOTT K

IPC: G01N21/00

CPC classification number: F23J7/00 ,  C02F1/70 ,  C02F5/083 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2303/08 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C23F11/182 ,  C23F14/02 ,  F22B37/025 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F28F19/00 ,  G01N17/006 ,  G01N17/02 ,  G01N17/04

Abstract: A corrosion control process is described. The process is especially useful in the control of chloride corrosion in waste to energy boilers. Corrosion of high temperature surfaces can be assessed by the monitor and controlled introduction of treatment chemicals by targeted in furnace injection reduces corrosion while maximizing combustion efficiency. A corrosion monitor is also described. Before and following selection of corrosion control chemicals and the locations for targeted in furnace injection, injection regimen and chemical selection and introduction parameters are monitored with the aid of the method and apparatus of the invention to adjust one or more control parameters to reduce corrosion. A preferred method will employ a treatment chemical that comprises an SO2 or SO3 reagent, e.g., sulfuric acid, sulfur, a sulfate salt or a bisulfite salt.

Abstract translation: 描述了腐蚀控制过程。 该方法在废物能量锅炉的氯化物腐蚀控制中特别有用。 高温表面的腐蚀可以通过监视器进行评估，并通过目标在炉内注射来控制引入处理化学品，减少腐蚀同时最大化燃烧效率。 还描述了腐蚀监测器。 在选择腐蚀控制化学品之前和之后，以及针对炉内注射的位置，借助于本发明的方法和装置监测注射方案和化学选择和引入参数，以调节一个或多个控制参数以减少腐蚀。 优选的方法将使用包含SO 2或SO 3试剂如硫酸，硫，硫酸盐或亚硫酸氢盐的处理化学品。

公开(公告)号：WO2006086251A3

公开(公告)日：2009-04-16

申请号：PCT/US2006003976

申请日：2006-02-06

Applicant: FUEL TECH INC ,  SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  SUN WILLIAM H

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  SUN WILLIAM H

IPC: B01D53/56

CPC classification number: B01D53/508 ,  B01D53/505 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/60 ,  B01D53/8609 ,  B01D53/8625 ,  B01D2251/2062 ,  B01D2251/2067 ,  B01D2251/402 ,  B01D2251/604 ,  Y02A50/2344 ,  Y02A50/2348

Abstract: NOx and SO3 emissions from combustion of a sulfur containing carbonaceous fuel are reduced simultaneously. The combustion gases comprising NOx and SO2 are mixed with aNOx control agent into the combustion gases at a point upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst for reduction of NOx. Following an SCR catalyst or other equipment that can oxidize SO2 to SO3 and prior to contact with an air heater for heating incoming combustion air, magnesium hydroxide is introduced in amounts and with droplet sizes and concentrations effective to form nano-sized particles in the effluent and reduce SO3 caused by the oxidation of SO2 in the catalyst. Computational fluid dynamics is employed to determine flow rates and select reagent introduction rates, reagent introduction location(s), reagent concentration, reagent droplet size and/or reagent momentum.

Abstract translation: 含硫碳燃料燃烧产生的NOx和SO3同时减少。 包含NO x和SO 2的燃烧气体与NOx选择性催化还原催化剂上游的一个NOx混合，并将NO x控制剂混入燃烧气体中。 在SCR催化剂或其他可以将SO2氧化成SO 3并且在与用于加热进入的燃烧空气的空气加热器接触之前的设备中，引入氢氧化镁，并且液滴尺寸和浓度有效地在流出物中形成纳米尺寸的颗粒，并且 减少催化剂中SO2氧化引起的SO3。 使用计算流体动力学来确定流速和选择试剂引入速率，试剂引入位置，试剂浓度，试剂液滴尺寸和/或试剂动量。

公开(公告)号：WO2005070076A2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-04

申请号：PCT/US2005/000462

申请日：2005-01-07

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  RIVERA, Emilito, P. ,  ZUCARINI, Frank, J.

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  RIVERA, Emilito, P. ,  ZUCARINI, Frank, J.

IPC: C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23J7/00

CPC classification number: C10L10/04 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2207/60 ,  F23G2900/55002 ,  F23J7/00

Abstract: Plume is mitigated by targeting treatment chemicals to locations in a furnace, which are connected with plume opacity. The effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of slag and/or corrosion and/or plume control chemicals are determined, as are the effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of combustion catalysts. Then, the effectiveness of various combinations of the above treatments are determined, and a treatment regimen employing one or more of the above treatments is selected. Preferred treatment regimens will contain at least two and preferably three of the treatments. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance can improved as LOI carbon, slagging and/or corrosion are also controlled.

Abstract translation: 通过将处理化学品靶向炉中与羽流不透明度相关的位置来减轻羽流。 确定炉内注射，燃料引入和炉渣引入炉渣和/或腐蚀和/或羽流控制化学品中的目标的有效性，以及在燃烧引入和燃烧催化剂的炉子引入中靶向的有效性 。 然后，确定上述处理的各种组合的有效性，并选择使用上述一种或多种处理的治疗方案。 优选的治疗方案将包含至少两种，优选三种治疗方法。 化学利用和锅炉维护可以改善，因为LOI碳，排渣和/或腐蚀也受到控制。

公开(公告)号：WO2010006325A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-14

申请号：PCT/US2009/050354

申请日：2009-07-13

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC. ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P.

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P.

IPC: C10L10/00

CPC classification number: C10L10/06 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L2200/0213 ,  C10L2200/0218 ,  C10L2200/0254 ,  C10L2290/141 ,  C10L2290/18 ,  F23J7/00

Abstract: Disclosed is a process that increases the output of a combustor fired with coal having high iron and/or calcium content, by reducing the tendency of slag to form on heat exchange surfaces and changing the nature of the slag to make it easier to remove. The process includes combusting a slag-forming coal, having high iron and/or calcium content, with an overall excess of oxygen; moving the resulting combustion gases though heat exchange equipment under conditions which cause cooling of slag formed by burning the fuel; and prior to contact with said heat exchange equipment, introducing aqueous aluminum trihydroxide in amounts and with droplet sizes and concentrations effective to decrease the rate of fouling, and preferably, increase the friability of the resulting slag. Desirably, the aluminum trihydroxide reagent is introduced in the form of an aqueous liquid and computational fluid dynamics is employed to determine flow rates and select reagent introduction rates, reagent introduction location(s), reagent concentration, reagent droplet size and/or reagent momentum. In a preferred aspect, the feed rate will up to about 6 pounds ATH per ton and preferably with up to about 2 pounds Mg(OH)2 per ton of coal. A process is also provided for cleaning and maintaining cleanliness of a combustor.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种通过降低炉渣在热交换表面上形成的倾向并改变炉渣的性质以使其更容易去除而增加燃烧具有高铁和/或钙含量的煤燃烧的燃烧器的输出的方法。 该方法包括燃烧具有高铁和/或钙含量的成渣煤，其总量过氧; 在引起燃烧燃烧形成的炉渣冷却的条件下，通过热交换设备移动产生的燃烧气体; 并且在与所述热交换设备接触之前，引入氢氧化铝水溶液的量和液滴尺寸和浓度有效地降低结垢速率，并且优选地增加所得到的炉渣的脆性。 理想地，以水性液体的形式引入三氢氧化铝试剂，并且使用计算流体动力学来确定流速并选择试剂引入速率，试剂引入位置，试剂浓度，试剂液滴尺寸和/或试剂动量。 在优选的方面，进料速率将高达每吨约6磅ATH，优选每吨煤高达约2磅Mg（OH）2。 还提供了用于清洁和保持燃烧器清洁度的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO2006124772A2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：PCT/US2006/018722

申请日：2006-05-16

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC. ,  MARTIN, J., David ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  SUN, William, H. ,  BOHLEN, Scott, K.

Inventor： MARTIN, J., David ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  SUN, William, H. ,  BOHLEN, Scott, K.

IPC: C11D3/30

CPC classification number: F23J7/00 ,  C02F1/70 ,  C02F5/083 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2303/08 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C23F11/182 ,  C23F14/02 ,  F22B37/025 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F28F19/00 ,  G01N17/006 ,  G01N17/02 ,  G01N17/04

Abstract: A corrosion control process is described. The process is especially useful in the control of chloride corrosion in waste to energy boilers. Corrosion of high temperature surfaces can be assessed by the monitor and controlled introduction of treatment chemicals by targeted in furnace injection reduces corrosion while maximizing combustion efficiency. A corrosion monitor is also described. Before and following selection of corrosion control chemicals and the locations for targeted in furnace injection, injection regimen and chemical selection and introduction parameters are monitored with the aid of the method and apparatus of the invention to adjust one or more control parameters to reduce corrosion. A preferred method will employ a treatment chemical that comprises an SO2 or SO3 reagent, e.g., sulfuric acid, sulfur, a sulfate salt or a bisulfite salt.

Abstract translation: 描述了腐蚀控制过程。 该方法特别适用于控制废物能量锅炉中的氯化物腐蚀。 高温表面的腐蚀可以通过监视器进行评估，并通过目标在炉内注入来控制引入处理化学品，减少腐蚀同时最大化燃烧效率。 还描述了腐蚀监测器。 在选择腐蚀控制化学品之前和之后，以及针对炉内注射的位置，借助于本发明的方法和装置监测注射方案和化学选择和引入参数，以调节一个或多个控制参数以减少腐蚀。 优选的方法将使用包含SO 2或SO 3试剂如硫酸，硫，硫酸盐或亚硫酸氢盐的处理化学品。

公开(公告)号：WO2005070076A3

公开(公告)日：2006-02-16

申请号：PCT/US2005000462

申请日：2005-01-07

Applicant: FUEL TECH INC ,  SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  RIVERA EMILITO P ,  ZUCARINI FRANK J

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS CHRISTOPHER R ,  RIVERA EMILITO P ,  ZUCARINI FRANK J

IPC: C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23J7/00 ,  F23B7/00 ,  F23J11/00

CPC classification number: C10L10/04 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/02 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2207/60 ,  F23G2900/55002 ,  F23J7/00

Abstract: Plume is mitigated by targeting treatment chemicals to locations in a furnace, which are connected with plume opacity. The effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of slag and/or corrosion and/or plume control chemicals are determined, as are the effectiveness of targeted in furnace injection, in fuel introduction and in furnace introduction of combustion catalysts. Then, the effectiveness of various combinations of the above treatments are determined, and a treatment regimen employing one or more of the above treatments is selected. Preferred treatment regimens will contain at least two and preferably three of the treatments. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance can improved as LOI carbon, slagging and/or corrosion are also controlled.

Abstract translation: 通过将处理化学品靶向炉中与羽流不透明度相关的位置来减轻羽流。 确定炉内注射，燃料引入和炉渣引入炉渣和/或腐蚀和/或羽流控制化学品中的目标的有效性，以及在燃烧引入和燃烧催化剂的炉子引入中靶向的有效性 。 然后，确定上述处理的各种组合的有效性，并选择使用上述一种或多种处理的治疗方案。 优选的治疗方案将包含至少两种，优选三种治疗方法。 化学利用和锅炉维护可以改善，因为LOI碳，排渣和/或腐蚀也受到控制。

公开(公告)号：WO1998012473A1

公开(公告)日：1998-03-26

申请号：PCT/US1997017000

申请日：1997-09-19

Applicant: NALCO FUEL TECH ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  MICHELS, William, F. ,  MARSHALL, M., Damian ,  SUN, William, H. ,  DIEP, Daniel, V. ,  CHENANDA, Cari, M.

Inventor： NALCO FUEL TECH

IPC: F23B07/00

CPC classification number: F23J7/00 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/06 ,  D21C11/106 ,  D21C11/12 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23G2209/101

Abstract: Reduction of slagging is improved by targeting slag-reducing chemicals in a furnace with the aid of computational fluid dynamic modeling. Chemical utilization and boiler maintenance are improved.

Abstract translation: 借助于计算流体动力学建模，通过在炉中靶向减渣化学品来改善排渣的减少。 化学利用和锅炉维护得到改善。

公开(公告)号：WO2013166161A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-07

申请号：PCT/US2013/039083

申请日：2013-05-01

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC. ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  FANG, Mingming

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  FANG, Mingming

IPC: B01D53/64

CPC classification number: B01D53/64 ,  B01D53/507 ,  B01D53/79 ,  B01D53/80 ,  B01D2251/402 ,  B01D2251/404 ,  B01D2251/608 ,  B01D2251/80 ,  B01D2253/11 ,  B01D2259/126 ,  B01J20/0237 ,  B01J20/043 ,  B01J20/06 ,  B01J20/223 ,  F23J15/003 ,  F23J15/025 ,  F23J2215/20 ,  F23J2215/60

Abstract: Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of mercury and optionally sulfur oxides and/or HCI. In an embodiment the copper- based mercury remediation composition comprises a copper ammonium complex having an empirical formula of C2H7CuN02 or any of the other materials described, which include compositions defined by the formula Cu(NH3)x(lower carboxylate)y, wherein the lower carboxylate is selected from the group consisting of formate, acetate and propionate, x is an integer from 0 to 4, y is an integer from 0 to 2, and x+y is equal to or greater than 1. Sulfur oxides and/or HCI can be additionally reduced by introduction of dolomite hydrate sorbent, and additional mercury remediation chemicals as manganese oxides can be employed. The treated gas stream is treated with a particulate removal device.

Abstract translation: 提供干法，装置，组合物和系统，用于减少汞和任选的硫氧化物和/或HCl的排放。 在一个实施方案中，铜基汞修复组合物包含具有经验式为C 2 H 7 CuNO 2或所述其它材料的任何其它材料的铜铵络合物，其包括由式Cu（NH 3）x（低级羧酸酯）y定义的组成，其中下部 羧酸盐选自甲酸盐，乙酸盐和丙酸盐，x为0至4的整数，y为0至2的整数，x + y等于或大于1.硫氧化物和/或HCl 可以通过引入白云石水合物吸附剂另外减少，并且可以使用另外的汞修复化学品作为氧化锰。 处理后的气流用微粒去除装置处理。

公开(公告)号：WO2013149241A1

公开(公告)日：2013-10-03

申请号：PCT/US2013/034807

申请日：2013-04-01

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC. ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  FANG, Mingming

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  SCHULZ, Kent, W. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  FANG, Mingming

IPC: B01D53/00

CPC classification number: B01D53/508 ,  B01D53/10 ,  B01D53/685 ,  B01D53/80 ,  B01D2251/402 ,  B01D2251/404 ,  B01D2253/112 ,  B01D2253/304 ,  B01D2253/306 ,  B01D2255/20738 ,  B01D2255/20761 ,  B01D2257/2045 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  B01D2258/0283 ,  B01J20/043 ,  B01J20/223 ,  F23J15/003 ,  F23J2215/20 ,  F23J2219/50

Abstract: Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCI in a process employing a combination of a dolomite hydrate sorbent and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO x and/or HCI - containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCI reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.

Abstract translation: 提供干法，装置，组合物和系统，用于在使用白云石水合物吸附剂和吸附剂掺杂剂的组合的过程中减少硫氧化物，特别是二氧化硫和/或HCl的排放，以实现覆盖三 承载含有SOx和/或含HCl气体的通道的三维横截面，其具有短且有效的停留时间，其温度有效地以高反应速率和吸附剂利用率提供显着的二氧化硫和/或HCl减少。 一次性干燥方法可以有利地将吸附剂和吸附剂掺杂剂引入干燥或优选作为浆料以使得能够均匀地处理。 优选的吸附剂掺杂剂包括水溶性或水分散性铜和/或铁组合物，其可以被被处理的烟道气原位加热到活性形式。

公开(公告)号：WO2011143517A1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-17

申请号：PCT/US2011/036372

申请日：2011-05-13

Applicant: FUEL TECH, INC. ,  SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  MURRELL, Lawrence, L.

Inventor： SMYRNIOTIS, Christopher, R. ,  RIVERA, Emelito, P. ,  MURRELL, Lawrence, L.

IPC: B01D53/52

CPC classification number: B01D53/8609 ,  B01D53/502 ,  B01D2251/404 ,  B01D2255/20761 ,  B01D2255/50 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  B01J29/072 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  B01J38/68

Abstract: Processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided that have a positive effect on air quality at a very reasonable cost. They can be employed as a retrofit solution to existing plants and can be used in design of new plants. In one aspect a process comprises: identifying locations within a combustor for feeding a sorbent and a sufur-active catalyst; determining the physical form and injection parameters for the sorbent and the catalyst; and injecting both the sorbent and the catalyst under conditions effective to dissocitate S02 and capture sulfur on the sorbent. Typically, the sorbent is introduced as a slurry upstream of the catalyst; the slurry dehydrates and shatters into fine particles which disperse over the cross section of the furnace section, duct or other apparatus where the catalyst dissociates the S02.

Abstract translation: 提供了以非常合理的成本对空气质量产生积极影响的方法，装置，组合物和系统。 它们可以用作现有工厂的改造解决方案，并可用于新设备的设计。 在一个方面，一种方法包括：识别燃烧器内用于进料吸附剂和苏氨酸活性催化剂的位置; 确定吸附剂和催化剂的物理形式和注入参数; 并且在有效地消除SO 2并在吸附剂上捕获硫的条件下注入吸附剂和催化剂。 通常，吸附剂作为催化剂上游的浆料引入; 浆料脱水并分散成分散在催化剂分解SO 2的炉段，管道或其他装置的横截面上的细颗粒。