Abstract:
The present invention relates to a switching arrangement and method of manufacturing such an arrangement, wherein first and second series-shunt diode structures (D1/D2, D3/D4) are connected to each other in a mirrored configuration to obtain a basic switching cell. This basic switching cell can be used to build a SPDT switch which in turn can be used to build a DPDT switch or switches of higher complexity. Thereby, high isolation and low power consumption can be achieved with the additional advantage of modularity.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a phase-locked-loop (PLL) circuit and a method for controlling such a PLL circuit, wherein the frequency of an input reference signal and the frequency of a feedback signal derived from an output oscillation signal are divided by a predetermined rate to thereby reduce the frequency at a phase detection means (1) of the PLL circuit. The dividing step is inhibited in response to a detection of a phase-locked-state of the PLL circuit. Thus, after phase-lock has been achieved, extra reference dividers (6) added to decrease the comparison frequency are removed from the loop to thereby enable increase in the loop bandwidths and decrease in the dividing ratio within the loop.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a phase-locked-loop (PLL) circuit and a method for controlling such a PLL circuit, wherein the frequency of an input reference signal and the frequency of a feedback signal derived from an output oscillation signal are divided by a predetermined rate to thereby reduce the frequency at a phase detection means (1) of the PLL circuit. The dividing step is inhibited in response to a detection of a phase-locked-state of the PLL circuit. Thus, after phase-lock has been achieved, extra reference dividers (6) added to decrease the comparison frequency are removed from the loop to thereby enable increase in the loop bandwidths and decrease in the dividing ratio within the loop.
Abstract:
Frequency dividers (2) comprising a first transistor circuit (21) with four transistor pairs (31-34, 81-84), two gate pairs (31, 33, 81, 83) and two latch pairs (32, 34, 82, 84) and comprising a second transistor circuit (22) with two transistor pairs (35-36, 85-86) and comprising an impedance circuit (23) have a relatively low frequency reach. By replacing the prior art load resistors in the impedance circuit (23) by active load impedances comprising transistors (37-40, 87-90), the frequency reach of the frequency divider (2) is improved significantly. An impedance (41-44) coupled to the emitter of a transistor (37-40, 87-90) defines the operation frequency range of the frequency divider (2), and an impedance (45-48) coupled to the basis of a transistor (37-40, 87-90) allows the frequency divider (2) to be tuned for maximum operation frequency.
Abstract:
A head end (7) comprises a low noise converter (2) for providing signal bands including channels to one or more user units (3). The low noise converter is arranged as a low noise channel converter (2), which includes frequency multiplexing means (6) for multiplexing one or more user pre-selected channels to the user units (3). By effecting pre-selection in the low noise channel converter (2) the connection between the head end (7) and the user units (3) only contains a single communication medium (5), generally an already installed coaxial cable (5). Wanted channels for example for watching one television program and simultaneously recording another program are pre-selected and at the side of the low noise block put on the one cable.
Abstract:
The invention relates to multi-band resonator circuits with inductors and capacitors. These resonator circuits are realized on integrated circuits. The inductors are realized according to the invention within one single coil comprising a center (2) tap and intermediate taps (4, 6).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a switching arrangement and method of manufacturing such an arrangement, wherein first and second series-shunt diode structures (D1/D2, D3/D4) are connected to each other in a mirrored configuration to obtain a basic switching cell. This basic switching cell can be used to build a SPDT switch which in turn can be used to build a DPDT switch or switches of higher complexity. Thereby, high isolation and low power consumption can be achieved with the additional advantage of modularity.
Abstract:
A calibrating system for a receiver receiving an input signal (Rf) having an input frequency (fRf) and working in a receiving mode (R) and in a calibrating mode (C) comprising an intermediate frequency circuit (IF) coupled to a first mixer and comprising a bulk acoustic wave filter (BAW) determining the intermediate frequency (BAWf). The calibrating system further comprises a level detecting circuit (LD) coupled to the intermediate frequency circuit (IF) via a first switch (S1) in the calibrating mode (C) for determining an amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal. The receiver includes a tuning control processor (TC) coupled to the first synthesizer (LO1) and to the second synthesizer (L02) controlling the frequencies generated by said synthesizers (LO1, L02). A level detecting circuit (LD) is coupled to the intermediate frequency circuit (IF) for determining an amplitude of the intermediate frequency signal and providing a signal indicative for said amplitude to the tuning control processor (TC). The system further comprises a register (Reg) coupled to the tuning control processor (TC) for memorizing a number corresponding to the intermediate frequency (BAWf), the number being used as a correction factor for the first and second synthesizers (LO I, L02) in the receiving mode (R).
Abstract:
A tuning system (100) for receiving a radio frequency input signal included in a frequency range, the range having a maximum frequency and a minimum frequency and a plurality of non-overlapping bands, the tuning system (100) comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator (6) controlled by an analog signal (V T ) and a first binary signal (D) and being characterized in that the analog signal (V T ) is inputted to a window comparator (1), said comparator (1) having a low threshold (V L ) which is indicative for the minimum frequency and a high threshold (V H ) which is indicative for the maximum frequency.
Abstract:
A tuner for receiving a satellite broadcast signal via an antenna means, said tuner being coupled to a control unit. The tuner is characterized in that it comprises a standard bilateral digital interface for transmitting a base-band signal obtained from the received signal received via the antenna means and for receiving control signals transmitted by the control unit, said signals being transmitted/received via a first bilateral bus.