Abstract:
Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods can control temperature within a transport refrigeration unit using remote sensor or sensors. Embodiments can monitor cargo temperature with remote sensor(s) and air temperature to adjust air delivery speed or cooling capacity. Selected operation parameters can be determined with consideration of both energy conservation and/or cargo quality. Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods can control temperature within a transport refrigeration unit using a first selected mode of operation or a second mode of operation.
Abstract:
The fan of a refrigeration machine operatively connected to a container box is operated in one direction during normal operation and is periodically operated in the opposite direction in order to reverse the direction of airflow to and from the container box so as to thereby promote a more uniform temperature distribution within the container box. A door is automatically closed when operating in the reverse direction so as to accelerate the airflow speed into the container box.
Abstract:
A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger economizer and a flash tank disposed in series refrigerant flow relationship in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. A primary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit upstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and a secondary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit upstream of the flash tank. The flash tank functions as a refrigerant charge storage reservoir wherein refrigerant expanded from a supercritical pressure to subcritical pressure separates into liquid and vapor phases. A refrigerant vapor bypass line is provided to return refrigerant vapor from the flash tank to the refrigerant circuit downstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. The primary expansion valve and a flow control valve interdisposed in the refrigerant vapor bypass provide refrigerant charge management.
Abstract:
A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a flash tank economizer defining a separation chamber is disposed in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. A primary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association with and upstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and a secondary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association and upstream of the flash tank economizer. A refrigerant vapor injection line establishes refrigerant flow communication between an upper portion of the separation chamber and an intermediate pressure stage of the system's compression device and a suction pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit. A refrigerant liquid injection line establishes refrigerant flow communication between a lower portion of said separation chamber and an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device and a suction pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit.
Abstract:
The distribution of condition air into the cargo space of a temperature controlled container is improved. Conditioned air may be selectively distributed into the cargo space from a plenum beneath the cargo support floor through a plurality of longitudinally and laterally spaced apart openings through the cargo support floor. Side air ducts may be provided extending rearwardly along the side walls of the container for distributing conditioned air received from a pair of side air outlets in a refrigerant unit associated with the container. The side air ducts may have a plurality of air discharge openings and may discharge conditioned air into vertically extending recesses in the side walls. The side air outlets have a selectively variable flow area. The number, location and size of the openings through the cargo support floor, as well as the air discharge openings in the side air ducts, may be selectively varied so as to selectively distribute the conditioned air flow throughout the cargo space.
Abstract:
A compressor apparatus includes a power source (26), a shell (12; 42), an electric motor (28; 52; 100; 200) having motor windings, and a control assembly (106; 206). The electric motor (28; 52; 100; 200) is located within the shell (12; 42). The control assembly a control assembly (106; 206) provides power to the motor windings from the power source (26) in two modes. A first mode provides power to the motor windings to generate heat without producing force output with the motor (28; 52; 100; 200). A second mode provides power to the motor windings to produce force output with the motor (28; 52; 100; 200). The control assembly (106; 206) activates the first mode for a selected time period prior to activation of the second mode in order to drive out a fluid (36) to reduce a risk of a flooded compressor start.
Abstract:
A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a hot gas bypass line establishing refrigerant vapor flow communication between the compression device and the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger, and bypassing the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and the primary expansion device. A refrigerant vapor flow control device is interdisposed in the hot gas bypass line. The flow control device has at least a first open position in which refrigerant vapor flow may pass through the hot gas bypass line and a closed position in which refrigerant vapor flow may not pass through the hot gas bypass line.
Abstract:
A refrigerant vapor compression system using CO 2 as the working fluid and operating in a transcritical cycle, compression of the refrigerant is accomplished by use of a digital scroll compressor adapted to a variable duty cycle in a pulse width modulation manner. The compression ratio is maintained at an acceptable level by selective control of various components within the system, depending on the mode of operation.
Abstract:
A carbon dioxide refrigerant vapor compression system and method of operating that system are provided. The refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device, a flash tank receiver disposed in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger, and a compressor unload circuit including a refrigerant line establishing refrigerant flow communication between an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device and the refrigerant circuit at a location downstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and upstream of a suction inlet to the compression device, and a unload circuit flow control device disposed in said unload circuit refrigerant line. In response to at least one system operating parameter sensed by at least one sensor, the controller selectively positions the unload flow control device to maintain the refrigerant vapor compression system operating below a preselected high pressure limit.
Abstract:
A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a flash tank economizer and a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger economizer disposed in series refrigerant flow relationship in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. A primary expansion valve disposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association with and upstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and an economizer expansion valve disposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association and upstream of the flash tank economizer provide a two-step expansion process for expanding refrigerant passing through the refrigerant circuit from the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger to the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger.