Abstract:
A full boiling range naphtha is concurrently fractionated and treated. The full boiling range naphtha streams is first subjected to simultaneous thioetherification and splitting into a light boiling range naphtha, an intermediate boiling range naphtha and a heavy boiling range naphtha in a distillation column reactor (10). The intermediate boiling range naphtha containing thiophene and thiophene boiling range mercaptans is passed on to a polishing hydrodesulfurization reactor (40) where a low sulfur, low olefin gas oil is concurrently fed to the polishing reactor (40) to insure that a liquid phase is present.
Abstract:
A process for the production of low benzene content gasoline is disclosed wherein a full boiling range naphtha is fractionated to produce a light naphtha, a medium naphtha and a heavy naphtha. The benzene is contained in the medium naphtha and this stream is subjected to hydrogenation to convert the benzene to cyclohexane which may be isomerized to improve the octane. The valuable olefins are removed in the light naphtha and the valuable heavier aromatics (toluene and xylenes) are removed in the heavy naphtha. In a preferred embodiment all of the reactions are carried out in distillation column reactors.
Abstract:
A process for removing acetylenic compounds using unsulfided metallic nickel or unsulfided metallic nickel modified with metallic Mo, Re, Bi or mixtures in which the catalyst is used alone or is used in combination with other acetylenic selective catalysts. The unsulfided metallic nickel catalyst or modified catalyst is preferably the first catalyst to contact the hydrocarbon stream.
Abstract:
A process for producing vinyl acetate comprising reacting ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen together in at least partially liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising a noble metal component.
Abstract:
A process for the production of tertiary ethers, including: feeding a hydrocarbon stream comprising isoolefins and propionitrile to a distillation column reactor system containing at least one etherification reaction zone; feeding a C2 to C6 monoalcohol or mixture thereof to the distillation column reactor; concurrently in the distillation column reactor system: reacting a portion of the isoolefins with a portion of the alcohols to form a tertiary ether; and separating the tertiary ether from unreacted isoolefins; withdrawing the tertiary ether and propionitrile from the distillation column reactor system as a bottoms; withdrawing the unreacted isoolefins from the distillation column reactor system as an overheads; and operating the distillation column reactor system such that the etherification reaction zone is substantially free of propionitrile.
Abstract:
A light cracked naphtha is treated to convert mercaptans to sulfides and saturate dienes and then subjected to destructive hydrodesulfurization (HDS) to convert the organic sulfur compounds to hydrogen sulfide. The recombinant mercaptans formed by reaction of hydrogen sulfide and olefins at the outlet of the HDS are generally heavier than the light cracked naphtha is fractionated in admixture with a heavy cracked naphtha. A low sulfur content light cracked naphtha is produced as an overheads and the major portion of the mercaptans leave with heavy cracked naphtha as bottoms. It also advantageous to pass the heavy cracked naphtha through the HDS in admixture with the light cracked naphtha, since the recombinant mercaptans formed with the heavy cracked naphtha olefins (which displace some of the lower mercaptans which would form the light cracked naphtha olefins) will be even higher boiling and easier to separate by fractionation.
Abstract:
A process for fractionating and treating of a full range naphtha stream. The full boiling range naphtha stream is first split into a light boiling range naphta, an intermediate boiling range naphtha and a heavy boiling range naphtha. The bottoms are subjected to hydrodesulfurization and the effluent combined with the intermediate boiling range naphtha containing thiophene and thiophene and thiophene mercaptans and subjected to a second hydrodesulfurization. The effluent from the polishing reactor may be combined with the light boiling range naphtha to produce a new full boiling range naphtha containing substantially less total sulfur than the original feed. The mercaptans in the light naphtha may be removed by thioetherification prior to splitting or by wet caustic wash afterwards. The object being to meet higher standards for sulfur removal, by treating the components of the naphta feed with the process that preserves the olefinic while most expediently removing the sulfur compounds.
Abstract:
A process for reducing the concentration of benzene in a hydrocarbon stream, the process including: fractionating a reformate to form a benzene concentrate fraction comprising benzene and other C 6 hydrocarbons, and a heavies fraction comprising C 7+ hydrocarbons; and hydrogenating the benzene concentrate fraction to form a hydrocarbon fraction having a reduced benzene concentration.