Abstract:
Disclosed is a fuel additive concentrate having a high flash point which is characterized by a viscosity controlled for dosing in a Bernoulli feed device. The concentrate is high temperature stable and is in a form suitable for on-board dosing of fuel which can provide predictable feed rates from a feed device. It comprises a fuel soluble platinum group metal composition and/or a fuel soluble or dispersible cerium composition and/or a fuel soluble or dispersible iron compound and a high flash aromatic solvent. The solvent and the metal composition or compositions are present in relative amounts to provide a FBC concentrate having a flash point (ASTM D93-85) of greater than 140°F and, a preferred kinematic viscosity within the range of from 7 to 25 centistokes, as measured by ASTM D445 at 105°F.
Abstract:
Diesel fuels containing low concentrations of specific bimetallic or trimetallic fuel-borne catalysts reduce particulates and other emissions without the use of after treatment devices, such as filters or catalysts, e.g., diesel particulate filters (DPF's) or diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) in the case of diesel engines. By utilizing a fuel containing a fuel-soluble catalyst comprised of platinum and at least one additional metal comprising cerium and/or iron, production of pollutants of the type generated by incomplete combustion is reduced. Preferred fuel borne catalyst levels will be low, e.g., from 0.05 to 0.5 ppm for platinum and 3 to 8 ppm for cerium and/or iron, thereby providing effective engine out emissions reductions without any aftertreatment device. Performance of lightly catalyzed aftertreatment devices will be improved with the subject invention.
Abstract:
Heavy oil emulsions, comprising decant oils and No. 6, No. 5 and No. 4 oils, and water are stabilized by adding certain saccharide-based esters. Preferably, the saccharide-based esters are naturally-occurring saccharide esters such as gallotannins, saponin, red gum, and the like.