Abstract:
The invention relates to a dry mixture of embedding material or moulding material for producing embedding or moulding material for a metal casting method, such as the lost-wax method, said mixture containing a hydraulic binding constituent. Said binding constituent contains, as a hydraulic binding agent, ground Portland cement clinker which is free of sulfate carriers.
Abstract:
For refining oil-containing solids, in particular oil sand or oil shale, there is proposed a process with the following steps: supplying the oil-containing solids to a reactor and expelling an oil- containing vapor at a temperature of 300 to 1000 °C, - supplying the oil-containing vapor expelled in the reactor to a cracker, in which the heavy oil components are broken down, separating the products obtained in the cracker and withdrawing the product streams, introducing the solids left in the reactor including the unevaporated fraction of heavy hydrocarbons into a furnace, burning the heavy hydrocarbons left in the solids in the furnace at a temperature of 600 to 1500 °C, preferably 1050 to 1200 °C, recirculating hot solids from the furnace into the reactor, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere of the furnace is separated from the atmosphere of the reactor by a blocking device.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a process for producing e.g. anhydrous metal oxide from metal hydroxide, wherein the metal hydroxide is at least partly dehydrated and preheated, before the metal hydroxide is introduced into a fluidized-bed reactor (19), in which the metal hydroxide is heated to a temperature of about 650 to about 1250°C by combustion of fuel, and metal oxide is generated, wherein primary air and/or secondary air enriched with oxygen is supplied to the fluidized-bed reactor (19). To achieve a rather low dust emission and a small amount of grain disintegration, the oxygen or the gas enriched with oxygen is introduced into the fluidized-bed reactor (19) with a low gas velocity.
Abstract:
Proposed is a cheap and durable high-temperature heat store which utilizes ambient air as a heat carrier medium and which is at least partially filled with a granular and/or porous storage medium (6).
Abstract:
For refining oil-containing solids, in particular oil sand or oil shale, there is proposed a process with the following steps: supplying the oil-containing solids to a reactor and expelling an oil- containing vapor at a temperature of 300 to 1000 °C, - supplying the oil-containing vapor expelled in the reactor to a cracker, in which the heavy oil components are broken down, separating the products obtained in the cracker and withdrawing the product streams, introducing the solids left in the reactor including the unevaporated fraction of heavy hydrocarbons into a furnace, burning the heavy hydrocarbons left in the solids in the furnace at a temperature of 600 to 1500 °C, preferably 1050 to 1200 °C, recirculating hot solids from the furnace into the reactor, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere of the furnace is separated from the atmosphere of the reactor by a blocking device.
Abstract:
In accordance with the invention, refining raw materials containing organic constituents, such as solids containing oil and/or bitumen, in particular oil or tar sand or oil shale, is effected with the following steps: - supplying the raw materials to a reactor and expelling fuel gases at a temperature of about 300 to 1000°C, preferably about 500 to 800°C, introducing the solids left in the reactor including the non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons into a furnace, burning the heavy hydrocarbons left in the solids in the furnace at a temperature of 600 to 1500°C, preferably 700 to 900°C, recirculating hot solids from the furnace into the reactor, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere of the furnace is separated from the atmosphere of the reactor by means of a blocking device.