Abstract:
A method includes forming a first optical structure with an inverse taper and a separate optical structure on a semiconductor chip. The illustrative method also includes applying a protective structure over the optical structures and patterning the protective structure to expose the separate optical structure. The method further includes removing a portion of the separate optical structure to form a separate trimmed taper separate from, but adjacent to, the first optical structure. The protective structure is then removed from the first optical structure. Apparatuses are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprises providing a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer comprising an insulator layer disposed between a base semiconductor layer and a SOI layer, wherein the SOI layer comprises a waveguide, providing at least one slot within the SOI layer, wherein the at least one slot is positioned on the same or opposite sides of the waveguide, and wherein the at least one slot is positioned at a predetermined distance away from the waveguide, and removing a portion of the insulator layer to form an etched-out portion of the insulator layer, wherein the etched-out portion is positioned directly beneath the waveguide, and wherein a width of the etched-out portion is at least the width of the waveguide
Abstract:
An apparatus comprises a substrate comprising a silicon dioxide (SiO2) material disposed on top of the substrate, a silicon waveguide comprising a first adiabatic tapering and enclosed in the silicon dioxide material, and a low-index waveguide disposed on top of the substrate and adjacent to the first adiabatic tapering. A mode converter fabrication method comprises obtaining a mode converter comprising a substrate, a silicon waveguide disposed on the substrate and comprising a sidewall and a first adiabatic tapering, and a hard mask disposed on the silicon waveguide and comprising a silicon dioxide (SiO2) layer, wherein the hard mask does not cover the sidewall, and oxidizing the silicon waveguide and the hard mask, wherein oxidizing the silicon waveguide and the hard mask encloses the silicon waveguide within the silicon dioxide layer.
Abstract:
A metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) optical modulator including a doped semiconductor layer having a waveguide structure, a dielectric layer disposed over the waveguide structure of the doped semiconductor layer, a gate region disposed over the dielectric layer, wherein the gate region comprises a transparent electrically conductive material having a refractive index lower than that of silicon, and a metal contact disposed over the gate region. The metal contact, the gate region, and the waveguide structure of the doped semiconductor layer may be vertically aligned with each other.
Abstract:
A silicon waveguide (110) comprising a waveguide core (118) that comprises a first positively doped region (111), also refers to as P1 region, vertically adjacent to a second positively doped region (112), also refers to as P2 region, The P2 region (112) is more heavily positively doped than the P1 region (111). A first negatively doped region (114), also refers to as N1 region, is vertically adjacent to a second negatively doped region (113), and also refers to as N2 region. The N2 region (113) is more heavily negatively doped than the N1 region (114). The N2 region (113) and the P2 region (112) are positioned vertically adjacent to form a PN junction. The N1 region (114), the N2 region (113), the P1 region (111), and the P2 region (112) are positioned as a vertical PN junction and configured to completely deplete the P2 region (112) of positive ions and completely deplete the N2 region (113) of negative ions when a voltage drop is applied across the N1 region (114), the N2 region (113), the P1 region (111), and the P2 region (112).