Abstract:
A process for increasing disproportionation and ring opening reactions an isomerization zone which converts iso-paraffins to normal paraffins. In order to promote these reactions, the amount of C 6 cyclic hydrocarbons entering the isomerization zone is reduced. Disproportionation reaction selectivity is observed which produces valuable C 3 hydrocarbons and C 4 hydrocarbons. Also, a higher ring opening conversion of C 5 cyclic hydrocarbons is observed. Conversion of iC 4 hydrocarbons, iC 5 hydrocarbons, and iC 6 hydrocarbons may occur in the same isomerization zone.
Abstract:
A process increases the concentration of normal paraffins in a feed stream comprising separating a naphtha feed stream into a normal paraffin rich stream and a non-normal paraffin rich stream. The non-normal paraffin rich stream is isomerized over a first isomerization catalyst to convert non-normal paraffins to normal paraffins and produce a first isomerization effluent stream. An iso-C4 stream is separated from the first isomerization effluent stream and isomerized over a second isomerization catalyst to convert iso-C4 hydrocarbons to normal C4 hydrocarbons and produce a second isomerization effluent stream. The normal paraffin rich stream, the normal paraffins in the first isomerization effluent stream and/or the second isomerization effluent stream may be fed to a steam cracker.
Abstract:
A process for controlling a yield of an isomerization zone. Prior to entering the isomerization zone, C 6 cyclic hydrocarbons are removed from a feed stream. Disproportionation reaction selectivity is observed which produces valuable C 3 hydrocarbons and C 4 hydrocarbons. Also, a higher ring opening conversion of C 5 cyclic hydrocarbons is observed. The disproportionation reactions and the ring opening reactions may be selectively controlled by adjusting an amount of C 6 cyclic hydrocarbons passed into the isomerization zone.
Abstract:
A process for generating aromatics from a hydrocarbon feedstream is disclosed. The process includes the steps of (a) passing the hydrocarbon feedstream to a reformer, wherein the reformer is operated at a temperature greater than 540°C; and (b) reforming the hydrocarbon feedstream to aromatics in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises (i) a refractory inorganic oxide support, (ii) a platinum group metal, (iii) a Group IVA metal, (iv) a third metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and (v) a halogen.
Abstract:
An integrated process for production of gasoline has been described. The process includes a C 5 -C 6 isomerization zone, two C 7 isomerization zones separate by a deisoheptanizer, and a reforming zone. The use of two C 7 isomerization zones eliminates the need for the large recycle stream from the deisoheptanizer. The low temperature in first C 7 isomerization zone favors the formation of multi-branched C 7 paraffins and cyclohexanes and maximizes C 5 + yield. The separation between paraffin and cycloalkane in deisoheptanizer becomes easier due to conversion of cycloalkanes to cyclohexanes in the first C 7 isomerization zone. Further, the high temperature in second C 7 isomerization zone favors the formation of higher octane cyclopentanes over cyclohexanes. An aromatic-containing stream can be introduced to second C 7 isomerization zone. The saturation of the aromatics in the second C 7 isomerization zone provides heat that increases the reactor outlet temperature in the isomerization reactors to favor cyclopentanes.
Abstract:
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves increasing the processing temperatures in the reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize advantages in the equilibriums, but require modifications to prevent increasing thermal cracking and to prevent increases in coking. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.
Abstract:
An exemplary embodiment can be a process for removing one or more polynuclear aromatics from at least one reformate stream from a reforming zone. The PNAs may be removed using an adsorption zone. The adsorption zone can include first and second vessels each vessel containing an activated carbon adsorbent. Generally, the process includes passing the at least a portion of an effluent of the reforming zone through the first vessel containing a first activated carbon adsorbent wherein the first activated carbon adsorbent comprises iron.
Abstract:
One exemplary embodiment can be a process for facilitating adding a promoter metal to at least one catalyst particle in situ in a catalytic naphtha reforming unit. The process can include introducing a compound comprising the promoter metal to the catalyst naphtha reforming unit and adding an effective amount of the promoter metal from the compound comprising the promoter metal to the catalyst particle under conditions to effect such addition and improve a conversion of a hydrocarbon feed.
Abstract:
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream is presented. The process involves splitting a naphtha feedstream to at least two feedstreams and passing each feedstream to separation reformers. The reformers are operated under different conditions to utilize the differences in the reaction properties of the different hydrocarbon components. The process utilizes a common catalyst, and common downstream processes for recovering the desired aromatic compounds generated.
Abstract:
One exemplary embodiment can be a process for facilitating adding a promoter metal to at least one catalyst particle in situ in a catalytic naphtha reforming unit. The process can include introducing a compound comprising the promoter metal to the catalyst naphtha reforming unit and adding an effective amount of the promoter metal from the compound comprising the promoter metal to the catalyst particle under conditions to effect such addition and improve a conversion of a hydrocarbon feed.