摘要:
Steam exhaust ports are located around a perimeter of a direct chill casting pit, at various locations from below the top of the pit to the pit bottom to rapidly remove steam from the casting pit with addition of dry excess air. Gas introduction ports are also located around a perimeter of the casting pit and configured to introduce an inert gas into the casting pit interior.
摘要:
An exemplary embodiment provides a method of fully or partially eliminating a shrinkage cavity in a metal ingot cast by direct chill casting. The method involves casting a metal ingot by introducing molten metal into a direct chill casting mold from a spout to form an upright ingot having an upper surface at a predetermined height. Upon completion of the casting, the lower tip of the spout is preferably maintained below the upper surface in molten metal at or near a center of the upper surface of the ingot. The metal flow through the spout is terminated while maintaining sufficient heat in metal within and supplying the spout to keep the metal molten for subsequent delivery through the spout. A partial shrinkage cavity is allowed to form in the upper surface of the ingot as metal of the ingot shrinks and contracts. Preferably before the partial cavity exposes the lower tip of the spout, the partial shrinkage cavity is preferably over‐filled with molten metal, while all or significant spillage of molten metal from the partial cavity is avoided, and then the flow of metal through the spout is terminated. The steps of allowing a partial shrinkage cavity to form in the upper surface and then preferably over‐filling the partial shrinkage cavity with molten metal from the spout before the cavity exposes the lower tip is repeated, preferably until no further contraction of the metal of the ingot causes any part of the upper surface to contract below the predetermined height. The spout is then removed from contact with molten metal of the ingot and all parts of the ingot are allowed to cool to a temperature at which the metal is fully solid.
摘要:
A gas flow control system for molten metal molds with permeable perimeter walls, wherein an approximately constant gas mass flow is maintained in individual molds and approximately equal gas mass flows are maintained in molds on the same mold table. A PLC is utilized in combination with a gas mass flow controller to continually monitor and maintain the approximately desired mass flow of gas to the mold cavities.
摘要:
A lubricant delivery element for delivering lubricant into a cavity, the lubricant distribution element comprising a thin element of porous material for delivering lubricant into the cavity through the element.
摘要:
A molten metal mold casting system (120) which maintains an approximately equal coolant flow rate while altering flow characteristic of the coolant flow discharged toward the cast part to alter the cooling affects on the emerging castpart. The heat transfer at the center surface portion of the castpart is reduced for some low thermal conductivity alloy metals, which reduces the butt curl during casting.
摘要:
A mould for horizontal casting of molten metal comprising a mould body forming an open-ended mould cavity having an inlet end and an outlet end. An annular permeable wall member is mounted in the mould body adjacent the inlet end of the mould cavity with an inner face thereof forming an interior face of the mould. A refractory transition plate is mounted at the inlet end of the mould cavity, this transition plate providing a mould inlet opening having a cross-section less than that of the mould cavity. This provides an annular shoulder at the inlet end of the cavity. Means are provided for feeding molten aluminum through the inlet opening. Separate conduits are also provided for feeding a gas into the shoulder and via the permeable wall means for providing a layer of gas between the metal and the inner face of the mould. A gas that is more reactive with molten aluminum is fed into the shoulder and a less reactive gas is fed via the permeable wall. The reactions with the molten aluminum create a skin or shell on the aluminum which provides smooth passage through the mould and allows for more rapid secondary cooling of the emerging ingot.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Stranggiessen von Metall, insbesondere von Nichteisenmetall, mit einer Kokille (1), in deren offenen Querschnitt (2) die Metallschmelze erstarrt und die eine Lauffläche (3) für den Metallstrang aufweist, mit einem Feuerfestaufsatz (6), der auf der Kokille (1) aufsitzt und der einen offenen Querschnitt (7) aufweist, durch den Metallschmelze zugeführt wird und mit einem Kanalsystem (10) für ein flüssiges und ein gasförmiges Trennmedium, wobei das Kanalsystem (10) zu der Lauffläche (3) führt. Erfindungsgemäss weist mindestens eine Zerstäubungseinrichtung (11) je einen Eingang (12, 13) für das flüssige Trennmedium und das gasförmige Trennmedium und mindestens ein Zerstäubungselement (14) zum Zerstäuben des flüssigen Trennmediums mittels des gasförmigen Trennmediums zu einem Trennmediumnebel auf. Die Zerstäubungseinrichtung (11) ist ausgangsseitig an das Kanalsystem (10) der Kokille (1) angeschlossen ist, so dass der Trennmediumnebel der Lauffläche (3) zugeführt wird.
摘要:
An improved casting lubricant for direct chill casting of easily oxidizable metals comprises a lubricating oil and a metal fluoroborate salt which decomposes to form boron trifluoride gas when heated to a temperature at or above a melting point of the easily oxidizable metal. The casting lubricant is preferably used in the hot top method of direct chill casting in which ingots of an easily oxidizable metal are cast in an open-ended mold cavity. In this process, a controlled flow of the casting lubricant is pumped into the mold cavity to contact the metal being cast. The metal fluoroborate salt dispersed in the lubricant decomposes to produce boron trifluoride gas at the metal/mold interface, thereby forming a protective, oxidation-preventing shell on the outer surface of the metal. Preferably, the metal fluoroborate salt is an alkali or alkaline earth metal fluoroborate salt which is a solid at ambient temperatures. Most preferably, the lubricant comprises a 1.0 wt.% dispersion of potassium fluoroborate in castor oil, and is used in the direct chill casting of magnesium, magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys containing magnesium.
摘要:
An ingot emerging from the exit end (10) of an open ended mold (2), is direct cooled by charging liquid coolant into an annular retention chamber (32) circumposed about the exit end, and discharging the coolant from the chamber onto the ingot surface through a first passage (14) opening into the exit end and communicating with the chamber at an opening (50) therein. A second passage (46) is formed in the chamber which is serially interconnected with the first passage (14) at the chamber opening (50) and operable to deliver the coolant to the first passage at an increased rate of flow, relative to the rate at which the coolant was charged into the chamber. Pressurized gas is forced into the coolant flow through a body (72) of solid but porous, gas-permeable material incorporated into the wall (60) of the second passage at the surface thereof which extends generally parallel to the flow of coolant in the second passage.
摘要:
La présente invention concerne un moule de coulée semi-continue comportant un cadre (2) délimitant une ouverture supérieure (2a) et une ouverture inférieure (2b) séparées l'une de l'autre par une paroi interne (211) du cadre, un dispositif de refroidissement (3) d'un flux (F) de métal liquide déversé au travers desdites ouvertures (2a, 2b) comportant un réservoir d'eau (31) et une buse de distribution (32). Selon l'invention le dispositif de refroidissement (3) comporte une chambre de distribution (5) ménagée entre le réservoir d'eau (31) et la buse de distribution (32) pour distribuer un filet d'eau au contact du flux (F) de métal liquide en aval de l'ouverture inférieure (2b) dans le sens de coulée avec un débit d'eau (Qs) compris entre 0.3 L/cm/min et 1.5 L/cm/min. De plus, le moule comporte par ailleurs un déflecteur dont une portion (s1) de surface, contre laquelle le filet d'eau est diffusé, présente une mouillabilité inférieure au reste (s2) de ladite surface afin de procurer une accélération localisée de l'écoulement du filet d'eau (4) au passage sur cette portion (s1).
摘要翻译:
公关é感觉发明涉及一种库仑é模具; e半包括框架(2)解除限制的开口SUPé更高(2a)和一个开口INFé更高(2b)的发E ;通过由所述框架,冷却装置的内壁(211)彼此éES(3)M E TAL液体的DE的流动(F)的脱 通过所述开口(2A,2B),其具有A Ré水箱(31)和分配喷嘴(32)。 根据本发明的冷却装置(3)包括一个分配腔室(5)M E NAGééřé罐水(31)和所述分配喷嘴(32)用于分配水的流之间 与M E的流动(F)接触TAL液体开口INFé的下游较高(2B)在L /厘米/分钟0.3之间的与去水位(QS)库仑ée的方向 和1.5L / cm / min。 此外,所述模具还包括解反射器的一部分(S1)的表面,针对其中水的流扩散é;,PRé感觉到润湿性Dé INFé更高的其余部分(S2)所述表面,以提供的DE访问éL E配给局部éE在部分coulement的水(4)的流在该部分(S1) P>。