Abstract:
A process for reducing arsenic in an acidic liquid comprising arsenic in an oxidized form, wherein the liquid is subjected to electrolysis in a single step and in a single compartment electrolytic cell using pulsed current in the presence of a conduction salt. A reference electrode comprising an electrolyte bridge made of PTFE is also discussed.
Abstract:
In particular, in alternative embodiments, the invention provides for a method to recover silicofluoride and phosphate species from wastewaters, or barometric condenser waters, that are typically utilized in wet-process phosphoric acid facilities. The species are recovered via a continuous ion exchange approach that allows for economic recovery of the materials and especially with the silicofluoride component allows for the production of valuable industrial materials such as hydrofluoric acid and other fluoride salts as well as industrial-grade precipitated silica materials. Return of the treated waste water to the phos-acid plant allows for optimization of reagent usage.
Abstract:
An improved process for producing high purity silicon results from the reaction of sodium with pure silicon tetrafluoride gas, which produces sodium fluoride as a by-product. The silicon tetrafluoride gas is formed by decomposing sodium fluorosilicate. The sodium fluorosilicate is produced by precipitation when fluorosilicic acid (FSA) is reacted with the by-product sodium fluoride in closed loop process. Likewise, the fluorosilicic acid is preferably formed at high purity using a source material that consists essentially of silica by reacting the by-product sodium fluoride with an acid to create reactive fluoride ions.
Abstract:
An improved process for producing high purity silicon results from the reaction of sodium with pure silicon tetrafluoride gas, which produces sodium fluoride as a by-product. The silicon tetrafluoride gas is formed by decomposing sodium fluorosilicate. The sodium fluorosilicate is produced by precipitation when fluorosilicic acid (FSA) is reacted with the by-product sodium fluoride in closed loop process. Likewise, the fluorosilicic acid is preferably formed at high purity using a source material that consists essentially of silica by reacting the by-product sodium fluoride with an acid to create reactive fluoride ions.
Abstract:
A production process for producing high-purity silica from a crude silica source by means of fluosilic acid, including the steps of: (a) subjecting the crude silica souce and the fluosilicic acid to a reaction in a reaction stage, so as to produce silicon tetrafluoride and water; (b) selectively evaporating the silicon tetrafluoride with respect to at least a portion of at least one impurity derived from the crude silica source, and (c) reacting the silicon tetrafluoride with water to produce the high-purity silica, wherein the reaction stage (a) is performed at a temperature above 75°C.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, the present invention relates generally to a method for reutilizing ionic halides in a production of an elemental material. In one embodiment, the method includes reacting a mixture of an ionic halide, at least one of: an oxide, suboxide or an oxyhalide of an element to be produced and an aqueous acid solution at moderate temperature to form a complex precursor salt and a salt, forming a precursor halide from the complex precursor salt, reducing the precursor halide into the element to be produced and the ionic halide and returning the ionic halide into the mixture of the reacting step.
Abstract:
A process for reducing arsenic in an acidic liquid comprising arsenic in an oxidized form, wherein the liquid is subjected to electrolysis in a single step and in a single compartment electrolytic cell using pulsed current in the presence of a conduction salt. A reference electrode comprising an electrolyte bridge made of PTFE is also discussed.
Abstract:
A process for producing hydrofluoric acid from SiF6 2- in wastewater is disclosed. The process is carried out by: i) combining (N H4)2SO4, (II) at a pH high enough such that the sulfate is in its divalent state, with SiF6 2- from said wastewater (I) in an amount in excess of that stoichiometrically required to form (NH4) 2 SiF 6 as follows: (NH4) 2SO4 + SiFe 2- (NH4) 2SiF 6 + SO4 2- ii) concentrating a solution including (NH4) 2SiF6 and excess (NH4) 2 SO4 (II) to precipitate and separate (NH4) 2 SiF 6 of high purity there (VIII); iii) re-solubilizing the (NH4) 2SiF 6 (XII) for reaction with NH 4 OH to form NH 4 F liquor (XIV) and precipitated Si (OH)4 (XV); iv) separating the NH 4F liquor (XIV) from the precipitated Si (OH)4 (XVI); v) reacting the NH 4 F with water to form precipitated NH 4 F. HF (XVIII) and ammonia gas; vi) reacting NH 4 F.HF (XVIII) with NaF (XIX) to yield precipitated NaF.HF (XX) and NH 4 F liquor (XXI) and (XXI); and vii) heating and decomposing the NaF.HF into HF (XXIII) and NaF (XXII).