公开(公告)号：WO02047893A1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-20

申请号：PCT/GB2001/005489

申请日：2001-12-11

IPC: B29C45/26 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B22F3/02 ,  B22F3/22 ,  B29C44/34 ,  B29C45/00 ,  B29C47/10 ,  B29C47/92 ,  C04B35/622 ,  C04B40/00 ,  B29C67/00

CPC classification number: B29C47/92 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B22F3/222 ,  B29C44/348 ,  B29C45/0013 ,  B29C47/0009 ,  B29C2045/1702 ,  B29C2045/1722 ,  B29C2045/466 ,  B29C2947/922 ,  B29C2947/92514 ,  B29C2947/9259 ,  B29C2947/926 ,  B29C2947/92685 ,  B29C2947/92695 ,  B29C2947/92704 ,  B29C2947/92723 ,  B29C2947/92876 ,  B29C2947/92885 ,  C04B40/0028 ,  C04B2103/007

Abstract: The present invention uses supercritical and near supercritical fluid technology for the processing of polymer-containing formulations without induced foaming, giving benefits of either reduced melt viscosity and/or lower melt temperatures. Its application is particlarly beneficial to difficult to process materials, including unplasticised PVC, polycarbonate, PTFE, UHMWPE and polymers containing high loadings of fillers of organic origin. Shear and thermally sensitive materials can also be processed using this method with less risk of degradation, due to the lower shear input and reduced processing temperatures necessary. The production of foamed ceramic materials and metallic components by such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 本发明使用超临界和近临界流体技术来处理含有聚合物的制剂而没有引发发泡，从而降低熔体粘度和/或降低熔融温度。 其应用特别有利于难以加工的材料，包括未增塑的PVC，聚碳酸酯，PTFE，UHMWPE和含有高含量有机原料填料的聚合物。 剪切和热敏材料也可以使用这种方法进行处理，由于较低的剪切输入和降低的加工温度，降低了降解的风险。 还公开了通过这种方法生产泡沫陶瓷材料和金属组分。

公开(公告)号：WO2003057367A2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-17

申请号：PCT/US2002/041205

申请日：2002-12-20

Applicant: AEROGEL COMPOSITE, LLC ,  UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT

Inventor： ERKEY, Can, Dr. ,  HARA, Hiroaki, S.

IPC: B01J37/03

CPC classification number: C04B41/009 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J35/1023 ,  B01J35/1042 ,  B01J35/1047 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0203 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/084 ,  C04B14/34 ,  C04B20/0056 ,  C04B30/00 ,  C04B38/0022 ,  C04B41/5001 ,  C04B2111/00413 ,  C04B2111/00853 ,  H01M4/9008 ,  H01M4/9075 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/923 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M4/926 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B38/0045 ,  C04B38/009 ,  C04B41/0072 ,  C04B41/4554 ,  C04B41/4582 ,  C04B41/51 ,  C04B2103/007 ,  C04B14/386 ,  C04B20/008 ,  C04B14/028 ,  C04B14/064 ,  C04B14/302

Abstract: Metallic aerogel compositions comprising an aerogel, e.g., RF or carbon aerogel, having metallic particles dispersed on its surface are disclosed. The aerogel compositions can have a uniform distribution of small metallic particles, e.g., 1 nanometer average particle diameter. Also disclosed are processes for making the aerogel compositions comprising contacting an aerogel with a supercritical fluid containing a metallic compound. The aerogel compositions are useful, for example in the manufacture of fuel cell electrodes.

Abstract translation: 公开了包含具有分散在其表面上的金属颗粒的气凝胶，例如RF或碳气凝胶的金属气凝胶组合物。 气凝胶组合物可以具有小的金属颗粒的均匀分布，例如1纳米的平均粒径。 还公开了制备气凝胶组合物的方法，其包括使气凝胶与含有金属化合物的超临界流体接触。 气凝胶组合物可用于例如燃料电池电极的制造。

公开(公告)号：WO1997043116A1

公开(公告)日：1997-11-20

申请号：PCT/US1997008311

申请日：1997-05-15

Applicant: HYPERION CATALYSIS INTERNATIONAL, INC.

Inventor： HYPERION CATALYSIS INTERNATIONAL, INC. ,  MOY, David ,  NIU, Chun-Ming ,  TENNENT, Howard

IPC: B32B09/00

CPC classification number: B01J20/205 ,  B01J20/20 ,  B01J20/28007 ,  B01J20/28011 ,  B01J20/28014 ,  B01J20/28047 ,  B01J20/28057 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/28 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J35/06 ,  B01J35/1023 ,  B01J35/1042 ,  B01J35/1047 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  C01B32/168 ,  C04B14/386 ,  C04B20/006 ,  C04B30/02 ,  C04B35/63432 ,  C04B35/63456 ,  C04B35/63476 ,  C04B35/806 ,  C04B35/83 ,  C04B38/00 ,  C04B38/0051 ,  C04B2111/00129 ,  C04B2235/386 ,  C04B2235/48 ,  C04B2235/524 ,  C04B2235/5288 ,  C04B2235/6021 ,  C04B2235/77 ,  D01F9/12 ,  D01F11/14 ,  D04H1/4242 ,  D04H1/4382 ,  D04H1/58 ,  Y10S977/748 ,  Y10S977/752 ,  Y10S977/753 ,  Y10S977/767 ,  Y10T428/249962 ,  Y10T428/249967 ,  Y10T428/25 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2938 ,  Y10T428/30 ,  Y10T442/614 ,  Y10T442/624 ,  Y10T442/63 ,  Y10T442/699 ,  C04B18/02 ,  C04B35/52 ,  C04B38/0038 ,  C04B14/022 ,  C04B20/1066 ,  C04B40/006 ,  C04B40/0268 ,  C04B2103/408 ,  C04B2103/007 ,  C04B24/24 ,  C04B20/0056 ,  C04B20/023

Abstract: This invention relates to rigid porous carbon structures and to methods of making same. The rigid porous structures have a high surface area which are substantially free of micropores. Methods for improving the rigidity of the carbon structures include causing the nanofibers to form bonds or become glued with other nanofibers at the fiber intersections. The bonding can be induced by chemical modification of the surface of the nanofibers to promote bonding, by adding "gluing" agents and/or by pyrolyzing the nanofibers to cause fusion or bonding at the interconnect points.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及刚性多孔碳结构及其制造方法。 刚性多孔结构具有基本上不含微孔的高表面积。 提高碳结构刚性的方法包括使纳米纤维在纤维交叉处形成粘结或与其它纳米纤维胶合。 通过添加“胶合”剂和/或通过热解纳米纤维以在互连点处引起融合或结合，可以通过纳米纤维表面的化学改性来促进粘合来引起粘合。

公开(公告)号：WO1996040601A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-19

申请号：PCT/US1996008848

申请日：1996-06-03

Applicant: MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, LIMITED ,  JONES, Roger, H., Jr.

Inventor： MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY, LIMITED

IPC: C04B40/00

CPC classification number: C04B41/85 ,  C04B40/0231 ,  C04B40/0236 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/4505 ,  C04B41/50 ,  C04B41/51 ,  C04B41/61 ,  C04B41/65 ,  C04B41/69 ,  C04B2103/606 ,  Y10S264/43 ,  C04B28/02 ,  C04B40/0259 ,  C04B41/4529 ,  C04B41/4523 ,  C04B41/0072 ,  C04B41/4545 ,  C04B41/48 ,  C04B2103/007

Abstract: Cured cement matrices are exposed to high pressure dense-phase orsupercritical CO2 which enters the matrix through passages therein to neutralize the natural alkalinity of the cement so that alkali-intolerant materials can be incorporated in the cement. The CO2 converts calcium hydroxide in the cement to calcium carbonate and water, and the high pressure of the dense-phase or supercritical CO2 forms rounded, closely packed and aligned crystals with few or no visible pores or capillaries to enhance the homogeneity and strength of the cured cement and its bonding with, for example, uncoated reinforcing glass fibers. The supercritical CO2 can be used to transport other organic or inorganic materials, including pulverized metal, in solution or suspension into the interior of the cement matrix to alter its chemical and/or physicalcharacteristics.

Abstract translation: 固化的水泥基质暴露于高压密相或超临界CO 2，其通过其中的通道进入基体，以中和水泥的天然碱度，以使耐碱材料可以掺入水泥中。 CO 2将水泥中的氢氧化钙转化为碳酸钙和水，密相或超临界CO 2的高压形成圆形，紧密堆积和排列的结晶，几乎没有或没有可见的孔或毛细管，以提高均匀性和强度 固化水泥及其与例如未涂覆的增强玻璃纤维的粘合。 超临界CO 2可用于将溶液或悬浮液中的其它有机或无机材料（包括粉碎金属）输送到水泥基质的内部以改变其化学和/或物理特性。