Abstract:
In one example of an embodiment of the invention, a method for producing an aggregate is disclosed comprising mixing sewage sludge from a waste water treatment facility with a non-coal combustion ash silicoaluminous waste material, agglomerating the mixture to form an agglomerate, and pyroprocessing the agglomerate to form an aggregate. The waste material may comprise municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash, incinerator fly ash, incinerator filter dusts, cement kiln dusts, waste glass, blast furnace slag, kiln dusts, and/or granite sawing residues, for example. The method may further comprise milling the waste material prior to mixing. Preferably, the milling is wet milling. Pyroprocessing of the agglomerate may take place in a rotary kiln. The resulting aggregate may be a lightweight or a normal weight, sintered or vitrified aggregate. Aggregates and methods for making aggregates of high and low calcium silicoaluminous materials are also disclosed.
Abstract:
In accordance with an embodiment, a method for producing an aggregate is disclosed comprising mixing IBA and a second, silicoaluminous material having a calcium content less than the IBA. The method further comprises agglomerating the mixture, such as by pelletizing, and pyroprocessing the agglomerates, such as by sintering or vitrification, to form the aggregate. The second material may be a clay, such as bentonite or kaolin, a mining waste, such as granite sawing residues, waste glass, or furnace bottom ash, for example. The addition of the second material has been found to facilitate production of lightweight and normal weight aggregates. A plastic binder, such as clay, may be added to the mixture, as well. Preferably, the IBA or the mixture of IBA and the second material are wet milled prior to agglomeration. A lightweight sintered aggregate comprising IBA and the second material and an aggregate comprising IBA and the second material are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method of producing a fired ceramic article comprises the steps of: (i) preparing a clay composition by adding a zeolite and preferably also a sodium compound to a clay and admixing the clay, the zeolite and (if used) the sodium compound to produce said composition; (ii) forming the composition produced in step (i) into a preform of a predetermined shape corresponding to that of the article; (iii) drying the preform; and (iv) firing the preform to produce the ceramic article. The method reduces the firing temperature required to produce the ceramic article and inclusion of the sodium compound provides the advantage of reducing, minimising or eliminating the amount of water required during the blending step (i.e. step (i)). The method also reduces fluoride emissions during the firing step (i.e. step (iv)).
Abstract:
A method of producing a fired ceramic article comprises the steps of: (i) preparing a clay composition by adding a zeolite and preferably also a sodium compound to a clay and admixing the clay, the zeolite and (if used) the sodium compound to produce said composition; (ii) forming the composition produced in step (i) into a preform of a predetermined shape corresponding to that of the article; (iii) drying the preform; and (iv) firing the preform to produce the ceramic article. The method reduces the firing temperature required to produce the ceramic article and inclusion of the sodium compound provides the advantage of reducing, minimising or eliminating the amount of water required during the blending step (i.e. step (i)). The method also reduces fluoride emissions during the firing step (i.e. step (iv)).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to apparatuses for preparing a crystal of the cremated remains which use a gas furnace, an electric furnace and a high-frequency furnace. One method for preparing a crystal of the cremated remains comprises the steps of compounding powder of the cremated remains and a mixture of minerals, kneading the compound, heating and melting the kneaded matter, preparing the melted matter into a crystal having a granular shape, and processing a heat treatment of the prepared crystal. Another method for preparing a crystal of the cremated remains comprises the steps of putting powder of the cremated remains into a pot crucible, heating and melting the powder in a pot crucible in the range of 1500 DEG C to 3500 DEG C, dropping the melted matter through a discharge hole of a pot crucible to the inclined passageway, preparing a crystal having a granular shape at atmosphere as rolling the cooled matter through the passageway, and processing a cooling treatment in ceramic powder container.
Abstract:
The process permits : 1) rational use of solid, liquid and gaesous waste materials, special waste materials and poisons for residue-free production of environmentally safe ceramic products for various practical applications (for example building materials and industrial containers) at temperatures of 400 to 1800 degrees; 2) in special cases, conversion of extremely toxic substances to less harmful solids which can be deposited on refuse dumps; 3) direct, residue-free processing of hot slags, ashes and the like to form building elements; 4) purification of gases, in particular flue gases, at elevated temperatures of 400 to 1800 degrees using ceramic earths, the solid end product of which is suitable for a wide range of applications; 5) use of compressed flue gases to spray liquids, dust and/or granules into the chimney.
Abstract:
본 발명은 캐스트 바잘트 제품 제조공정 및 그 제조시스템에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 캐스트 바잘트 제품 제조공정은, 페로니켈 슬래그, 제강 슬래그, 석탄재로 이루어진 원료를 취합하여 일정 배합 비율로 혼합하는 원료처리공정(S10)과; 혼합 원료를 용해로에 장입하여 1450~1500℃로 승온해 완전히 용해된 상태의 용융물을 수선하고, 턴디쉬를 통해 1100~1250℃의 온도에서 출탕하는 용해공정(S20)과; 용융물을 몰드 두께가 10~15mm로 조성된 타일주조기에 주입하여 200~400℃로 예열한 후 주입된 용융물을 압착하거나, 또는 몰드 두께가 9~30mm로 조성되고 일정 속도로 회전중인 원심주조기에 주입하여 350~500℃로 예열한 후 주입된 용융물을 회전시켜, 타일 또는 튜브 형상의 성형물을 취출하는 주조공정(S30)과; 열처리로의 대차예열구간에서 700~750℃로 예열된 대차에 상기 성형물을 장입하고, 열처리구간에서 710~910℃로 승온하여 성형물을 열처리한 후, 냉각구간으로 이동해 상온에서 16~24시간 동안 자연 냉각하여 50℃ 이하에서 최종 바잘트 제품을 배출하는 열처리공정(S40)을 포함하여 구성됨에 따라 철강 및 화력발전의 부산물을 원료로 하여 고품질의 바잘트 제품을 효율적으로 제조하도록 하는 이점이 있다.
Abstract:
In accordance with an embodiment, a method for producing an aggregate is disclosed comprising mixing IBA and a second, silicoaluminous material having a calcium content less than the IBA. The method further comprises agglomerating the mixture, such as by pelletizing, and pyroprocessing the agglomerates, such as by sintering or vitrification, to form the aggregate. The second material may be a clay, such as bentonite or kaolin, a mining waste, such as granite sawing residues, waste glass, or furnace bottom ash, for example. The addition of the second material has been found to facilitate production of lightweight and normal weight aggregates. A plastic binder, such as clay, may be added to the mixture, as well. Preferably, the IBA or the mixture of IBA and the second material are wet milled prior to agglomeration. A lightweight sintered aggregate comprising IBA and the second material and an aggregate comprising IBA and the second material are also disclosed.