摘要:
The present invention concerns an improved process for the wet torrefaction (Torwash) of biomass, wherein the liquid phase comprises palm oil mill effluent (POME) which is typically considered a waste stream. The process according the invention comprises: (a) heating a mixture of the biomass and palm oil mill effluent (POME) at a temperature in the range of 100 - 400 °C, to obtain torrefied biomass and a liquor; and (b) washing the torrefied biomass with water, to obtain a washed material and an effluent. The inventors found that by applying a washing step after the wet torrefaction, the results are equally good as when fresh water would be used in combination with a conventional pre-washing step.
摘要:
본 발명은 목분 또는 유기성 폐기물에 수피, AKD(Alkyl ketene dimer), 로진, 리그노설포네이트, 전분, 칼슘제재, 이산화규소 및 규산나트륨으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상을 혼합한 후 압출 성형한 펠릿을 오일에 함침하거나 표면열처리하여 제조된 수분 저항성 및 내구성이 우수한 유기성 고밀도 제재 및 이의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
摘要:
A conventional agricultural "cuber" machine was modified to transform fibrous, low density cellulosic biomass into a mechanically stable form suitable for use as a feed stock to a bulk flow torrefier process without requiring the addition of a "binder" or other such adjuvant. Certain disclosed embodiments of the product concern a compact "cube" or "thin puck" of raw cellulosic biomass having a density of from 4 to 15 times the bulk density of the shredded raw biomass or from 20 to 32 Ib/cu ft. The moisture content is below 10%, typically 3-8%. The strength of the product as measured by dropping the product onto a hard surface from a height of 3 ft. will not produce more than 10% breakage. The products of the present invention can be produced having any desirable dimensions, such as substantially square-, rectangular- or parallelogram-shaped product.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for pretreating biomass, in particular sugarcane residues, prior to feeding it to a biofuel producing facility, wherein, in a first stage, biomass is mixed with liquid and kept wet. Wet biomass is then fed to a second, washing stage, wherein all solids are submerged in the liquid and stirred. The mixture is fed to a third, separation stage, wherein the solids are transported into a fourth stage by a conveyor with screens to separate ash from the biomass. The clean biomass is finally fed to the fourth, de-watering stage, which removes excess water from the biomass, delivering a higher solids concentrated biomass.
摘要:
Biomass based fuel configured to reduce chemical and/or mechanical effects of flue gas on heat transfer surfaces. The biomass based fuel comprises steam-exploded biomass and some combustion additive. The combustion additive is selected from a group of additives that are capable of reducing chemical and/or mechanical effects of flue gas on heat transfer surfaces. The combustion additive may comprise fouling-reducing additive and/or an additive reducing corrosion potential. In addition, a method for manufacturing biomass based fuel configured to reduce chemical and/or mechanical effects of flue gas on heat transfer surfaces. The method comprises providing biomass and steam into a reactor; maintaining said biomass and said steam simultaneously in the reactor, in a pressure of at least 10 bar(a) and at a temperature from 180 °C to 250 °C for at least 2 minutes; and decreasing the pressure in the reactor and/or conveying biomass out of the reactor such that the pressure of the environment of the biomass decreases below 5 bar(a), to produce steam- exploded biomass. The method further comprises adding some combustion additive to the biomass and/or the steam-exploded biomass.
摘要:
The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for fractionating crude biowaste (450) by at least one size separation step (30) and at least one of density separation (150), X-ray separation (160) and optical sorting (170) to form a cleaned biowaste (47) stream enriched in cellulosic material, a waste stream comprising inorganic compounds (151), and a plastics stream (175).
摘要:
A renewable processed biomass pellet composition made with a pelletizing sub-system from a processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock made with a beneficiation sub-system is described. Renewable biomass feedstock passed through a beneficiation sub-system to reduce water content to below at least 20 wt% and water-soluble intracellular salt reduction of at least 60 % from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock on a dry basis. The processed feedstock is introduced into a pelletizing sub-system to result in renewable processed biomass pellets having an energy density of at least 17 MMBTU/ton (20 GJ/MT) a water content of less than 20 wt%, and water-soluble intracellular salt content that is decreased by at least 60 wt% on a dry basis for the processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock from that of the unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock, and made with 40% less energy than expended to make current biomass pellets.
摘要:
본 발명은 음식물쓰레기를 주원료로 하는 친환경 바이오매스 고형연료의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 좀 더 구체적으로는 수거된 음식물쓰레기에서 이물질만 제거한 다음 물을 공급하여 수분함유율이 40-45%인 음식물슬러지를 생화학적 방법으로 미생물을 발효시켜서 분말화 한 분말을 주원료로 하고, 초본계 식물의 분말과 솜의형태로 보풀된 폐지 그리고 유제, 결합제, 안정제 등을 혼합하여 화석연료보다 저렴하면서 높은 발열량을 얻을 수 있도록 한 친환경 바이오매스 고형연료의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.