Abstract:
It is disclosed a combustible article of manufacture comprising a treated lignin composition and a combustible support, wherein the treated lignin composition is attached to at least a portion of an external surface of the combustible support with a force greater than the force of gravity relative to the treated lignin composition. The treated lignin composition comprises solid lignin and has a moisture content in the range of 35% to 80% percent by weight. The combustible support is preferably a hardwood chip, but it may be also softwood chips, coal, coke, and shredded tires. It is also disclosed a fuel composition comprising a plurality of the combustible article.
Abstract:
A process and system for producing an engineered fuel product that meets customer specifications for composition and combustion characteristics is provided. The engineered fuel product is preferably a high-BTU, alternative fuel that burns cleaner than coal or petroleum coke (petcoke) and has significantly reduced NOx, SO 2 and GHG emissions.
Abstract:
L'objectif de cette invention est la conception d'un système économique pour récupérer les résidus de l'huile d'olive « olive cake » en vu de leur réutilisation dans l'apport énergétique pour le cas des gri gnons et dans l'industrie de bétail pour la pulpe. La conception prend en considération le séchage et la séparation par mise sous vide et en option un séchage complémentaire par énergie solaire, des résidus solides de pâte d'olive, puis le stockage pour une expédition vers les utilisations préconisées. Cette séparation s'effectuera en mode continue en parallèle avec le processus de production d'huile existant.
Abstract:
A process for separating a solid having two or more components, at least one of which is lyophobic and at least one of which is lyophilic. The process comprises, in a single step, comminuting a mixture of the solid in a first liquid to which one of the components is lyophilic and to which the other component is lyophobic and in a second liquid which is immiscible with the first liquid and which will wet the lyophobic component to form agglomerates or floes of the lyophobic component and the second liquid in a mill having positive transport capability such that the mill causes the mixture to be transported therethrough. The second liquid comprises a bio-oil, bio-diesel or combination thereof. The agglomerates are then separated from the mixture. This process may be used for beneficiating a coal containing ash.
Abstract:
Method for monitoring, sampling and control of a plant for producing wood pellets. The plant preferably comprises at least, one chip dryer, one hammer mill, one dosing device for additives, one mixing device, one humidity adjusting device, one dosing screw for a pellet press, one pellet press, and a pellet cooling device and is characterized by that the sampling is done on the wood pellets, and that sampling, control measurement of the sample regarding predefined control parameters, evaluation of the test results, possible adjustment of appropriate control parameter based on the test results, is performed according to predetermined frequency and fully automated during operation of the plant, to control the quality level of the wood pellets.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention provide a heat transfer element adapted for use in a rotary furnace for torrefaction and particle size reduction of biomass material. The heat transfer element is made up of a rounded object having a specific gravity substantially higher than a specific gravity of the biomass material to be torrefied, a heat capacity sufficient for the heat transfer elements in the rotary furnace to heat the biomass material to be torrefied, and a hardness sufficient for the heat transfer element to serve as grinding media to reduce the particle size of the biomass material to be torrefied. The heat transfer element has one or more surface features formed in a surface of the rounded object. The surface features are configured to increase traction between the heat transfer elements and the biomass material to be torrefied. A system for torrefaction and particle size reduction of biomass material, including a rotary furnace charged with heat transfer elements as described above, and a method for using such a system for torrefaction and particle size reduction of biomass material are also discussed.
Abstract:
A biomassa proveniente de plantas família Gramineaes ou Poaceae, produzidas em regiões tropicais, tende a conter concentrações superiores de cloro e outros inorgânicos em teores superiores aos permitidos pelas normas internacionais, como Enpíus e semelhantes, para produção de biocombustíveis sólidos. A presente invenção trata da remoção de cloro e outros inorgânicos, utilizando processos de pré-tratamenío mecânico e químico, compreendendo picagem, moagem e lixiviação, prévios a produção dos biocombustíveis na forma de peílets ou outra. Este método propicia a redução de gases tóxicos como dioxinas e gases corrosivos resultantes no processo de combustão dos biocombustíveis sólidos.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for pretreating biomass, in particular sugarcane residues, prior to feeding it to a biofuel producing facility, wherein, in a first stage, biomass is mixed with liquid and kept wet. Wet biomass is then fed to a second, washing stage, wherein all solids are submerged in the liquid and stirred. The mixture is fed to a third, separation stage, wherein the solids are transported into a fourth stage by a conveyor with screens to separate ash from the biomass. The clean biomass is finally fed to the fourth, de-watering stage, which removes excess water from the biomass, delivering a higher solids concentrated biomass.