摘要:
Provided herein are silicon nanocomposite nanofibers and processes for preparing the same. In specific examples, provided herein are nanocomposite nanofibers comprising continuous silicon matrices and nanocomposite nanofibers comprising non-aggregated silicon domains.
摘要:
Structures in the nanoscale and mesoscale domain are provided. The structures may have a shell which can be comprised of a porous polymeric material such as parylene. The surfaces of the shell can further comprise pendant functional groups that can provide reactive or passive characteristics. A method of producing nanoscale structures utilizing a porous substrate is further disclosed.
摘要:
Catalytically activated carbon fibers and methods for their preparation are described. The activated carbon fibers are engineered to have a controlled porosity distribution that is readily optimized for specific applications using metal-containing nanoparticles as activation catalysts. The activated carbon fibers may be used in all manner of devices that contain carbon materials, including but not limited to various electrochemical devices (e.g., capacitors, batteries, fuel cells, and the like), hydrogen storage devices, filtration devices, catalytic substrates, and the like.
摘要:
Pyrolysis (carbonization) of various plastics, including recycled plastic, can generate carbonaceous materials cheaply and in bulk, which can then be converted into energy storage device materials, e.g., carbon anode active material for Li-ion batteries. The plastic can be dissolved in a suitable solvent or acid, or can be melted. Once liquefied it can be loaded into vessels for extrusion via an electrospinner. Polymer fibers may be formed from the liquefied plastic on the nano- and micro scales, and collectedon a substrate, forming a fabric. These fibers can be converted to high purity carbon and used as electrode materials in batteries and supercapacitors. The fibers can also be coated with Ppy prior to pyrolysis; this helps fibers retain their morphology during carbonization. The fibers can also be loaded with additive particles to enhance their electrochemical performance or alter the composite properties.
摘要:
Lithium ion batteries, electrodes, nanofibers, and methods for producing same are disclosed herein. Provided herein are batteries having (a) increased energy density; (b) decreased pulverization (structural disruption due to volume expansion during lithiation/de-lithiation processes); and/or (c) increased lifetime. In some embodiments described herein, using high throughput, water-based electrospinning process produces nanofibers of high energy capacity materials (e.g., ceramic) with nanostructures such as discrete crystal domains, mesopores, hollow cores, and the like; and such nanofibers providing reduced pulverization and increased charging rates when they are used in anodic or cathodic materials.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are processes for preparing carbonized polymers, such as carbon fibers, comprising: sulfonating a polymer with a sulfonating agent that comprises SO 3 gas to form a sulfonated polymer; treating the sulfonated polymer with a heated solvent, wherein the temperature of said solvent is at least 95 °C; and carbonizing the resulting product by heating it to a temperature of 500-3000 °C.
摘要:
Structures in the nanoscale and mesoscale domain are provided. The structures may have a shell which can be comprised of a porous polymeric material such as parylene. The surfaces of the shell can further comprise pendant functional groups that can provide reactive or passive characteristics. A method of producing nanoscale structures utilizing a porous substrate is further disclosed.