Abstract:
A method of making a composite living fiber is described that includes the steps of contacting a fiber strand with an aqueous solution comprising cells, alginate, and a non-alginate hydrogel precursor to coat the fiber; crosslinking the alginate of the coated fiber; and crosslinking the non-alginate hydrogel precursor to form a composite living fiber. Composite living fibers made by this method, and tissue scaffolds made of composite living fibers, are also described.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing multifunctional cotton fabric, comprising: treating a cotton fabric with atmospheric pressure plasma dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at predefined parameters to form a plasma treated cotton fabric; preparing a nano particle finishing bath solution; performing padding by applying nano particle finishing bath solution on plasma treated cotton fabric to form a padded cotton fabric; performing drying on padded cotton fabric to form a dried padded cotton fabric; performing curing on dried padded cotton fabric to form a finished fabric; and performing a plasma polymer deposition on the finished fabric to form the multifunctional cotton fabric.
Abstract:
Fabrics are treated with a hydrophobic treatment that includes at least one hydrophobic monomer and a crosslinker. The treatment is low in volatile organic compounds and water. It is a liquid at 22°C or a suspension having a phase that is liquid at 22°C. The monomer and crosslinker are cured in a free radical polymerization to form a hydrophobic coating on a fibrous substrate. The curing is performed by removing interstitial air from the fabric and then curing the fabric in a low oxygen environment without allowing it contact with oxygen or air from the time the interstitial air is removed until conversion of monomers reaches at least 50%.
Abstract:
A treated carbon fiber tensile cord for use in power transmission belts, hose, tires or other reinforced rubber products and the resulting product, which includes carbon fibers which are coated with a polymeric layer deposited and polymerized at atmospheric pressure in a plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition process. A suitable polymeric layer is compatible with the intended matrix which the cord will reinforce. For a rubber belt, the coating is compatible with the rubber composition of the belt body or an adhesion gum or adhesive such as RFL which surrounds the cord. For RFL/rubber systems and cast polyurethane elastomers, a suitable polymer is the APP reaction product of a vinyl carboxylic acid or an ester or amide thereof. Suitable carboxylic acids include acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. Various esters and amides of vinyl carboxylic acid are also suitable, such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N-isobutoxymethyl acrylamide, and N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide.
Abstract:
A delivery system for an active substance, comprising a substrate on which the substance is loaded for subsequent release,wherein: (i) the substrate has been at least partially coated with a polymer using plasma deposition (preferably pulsed plasma deposition); (ii) the active substance is present as a guest molecule within a cyclodextrin inclusion complex; and (iii)the inclusion complex is bound to the polymer through a chemical linkage formed between a hydroxyl group on the cyclodextrin and a functional group on the polymer. The system may be used to control the release of an active substance such as a perfume. Also provided are methodsfor preparing (a) the delivery system and (b) a functionalised substrate for use as part of the system, in which the polymer is suitably reacted with a cyclodextrin using an S N 2 nucleophilic substitution reaction, in particular a Williamson ether synthesis reaction.
Abstract:
According to the invention there is provided a composite article including: a textile layer having a first and a second face, each of the first and second faces having a polymeric coating thereon; a first polymeric layer adhered to the polymeric coating on the first face of the textile layer; and a second polymeric layer adhered to the polymeric coating on the second face of the textile layer; in which the polymeric coatings on the first and second faces of the textile layer are each formed by polymerising a polymeric precursor which includes a group of sub-formula (I) where R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from (CR 7 R 8 )n, or a group CR 9 R 10 , CR 7 R 8 CR 9 R 10 or CR 9 R 10 CR 7 R 8 where n is 0, 1 or 2, R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from hydrogen, halo or hydrocarbyl, and either One of R 9 or R 10 is hydrogen and the other is an electron withdrawing group, or R 9 and R 10 together form an electron withdrawing group, and R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from CH or CR 11 where R 11 is an electron withdrawing group, the dotted lines indicate the presence or absence of a bond, X 1 is a group CX 2 X 3 where the dotted line bond to which it is attached is absent and a group CX 2 where the dotted line bond to which it is attached is present, Y 1 is a group CY 2 Y 3 where the dotted line bond to which it is attached is absent and a group CY 2 where the dotted line bond to which it is attached is present, and X 2 , X 3 , Y 2 and Y 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine or other substituents, R 1 is selected from hydrogen, halo, nitro, hydrocarbyl, optionally substituted or interposed with functional groups, or formula (II), and R 13 is C(0) or S(0) 2 .
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of producing improved feathers (including down feathers) by coating said feathers with coating materials via plasma deposition resulting in coated feathers and down feathers with improved properties such as moisture resistance, hydrophobicity, fill power (loft), and other improved characteristics.
Abstract:
A method is provided for forming an active material containing coating on a substrate. The substrate is suitably a wipe, cloth or sponge for household use, or a water-soluble household cleaning unit dose product. The method comprises the steps of: - introducing one or more gaseous or atomised liquid and/or solid coating-forming materials which undergo chemical bond forming reactions within a plasma environment and one or more active materials which substantially do not undergo chemical bond forming reactions within a plasma environment , into an atmospheric or low pressure plasma discharge and/or an excited gas stream resulting therefrom, and ii) exposing the substrate to the resulting mixture of atomised coating-forming and at least one active material which are deposited onto the substrate surface to form a coating.
Abstract:
A porous substrate (12) is pretreated in a plasma field (20) and a functionalizing monomer is immediately flash-evaporated (22), deposited and cured (24) over the porous substrate in a vacuum-deposition chamber (10). By judiciously controlling the process so that the resulting polymer coating adheres to the surface of individual fibers in ultra-thin layers (approximately 0.02-3.O micrometers) that do not extend across the pores in the material, the porosity of the porous substrate (12) is essentially unaffected while the fibers and the final product acquire the desired functionality. The resulting polymer layer is also used to improve the adherence and durability of metallic and ceramic coatings.