Abstract:
A Brayton cycle heat engine includes a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine. The Brayton cycle heat engine also includes a heat exchanger positioned at least partially within the combustion chamber. The heat exchanger is configured to deliver thermal energy to the combustion chamber from an external source, heating air entering the combustion chamber from the compressor, where the air exits the combustion chamber and drives the turbine.
Abstract:
A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber further directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The porous transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance therethrough, about the perimeter thereof defining the combustion chamber and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.
Abstract:
A Brayton cycle heat engine includes a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine. The Brayton cycle heat engine also includes a heat exchanger positioned at least partially within the combustion chamber. The heat exchanger is configured to deliver thermal energy to the combustion chamber from an external source, heating air entering the combustion chamber from the compressor, where the air exits the combustion chamber and drives the turbine.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a thermal plant (1) for the combustion of substances containing a liquid water fraction, the plant comprising a combustion furnace (12), a first heat-transfer fluid circuit (13) supplied with heat by the furnace (12) at a first exchanger (31), a dryer (20) supplied with heat by a second heat-transfer fluid circuit (21) at a second exchanger (210), the said substance containing a liquid water fraction passing through the dryer (20) to reduce its liquid water fraction before it is introduced into the furnace (12), the plant being characterized in that it further comprises at least one circuit (120, 40, 41, 13) for fluid that is to be heated, and one circuit (22) for the circulation of vapours from the dryer (20) to at least one vapour condenser (23a, 23b, 23c, 23d), each at least one vapour condenser (23a, 23b, 23c, 23d) being in a heat exchange relationship with a circuit (120, 40, 41, 13) for fluid that is to be heated, the temperature of the fluid of the second circuit (21) on entering the second exchanger (210) being above 100°C, the temperature of the said fluid that is to be heated of the circuit or circuits (120, 40, 41, 13) on entering the vapour condenser or condensers (23a, 23b, 23c, 23d) being below 80°C, the dryer (20) being configured so that the vapours have a dew point above 80°C. The invention further relates to a device for improving the performance of a thermal plant for the combustion of substances containing a liquid water fraction.
Abstract:
A combustor apparatus (220) is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement (250) for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber (222) is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member (230), at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member (338). The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions (222A, 222B). The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion (222A) for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber (222) further directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet (222B) portion. The porous transpiration member (230) is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance therethrough, about the perimeter thereof defining the combustion chamber and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.
Abstract:
An apparatus including a chamber having a casing partly or wholly comprising a heat exchanger (1, 2, 3) for preheating air before the air is supplied to at least one burner (7). The heat exchanger (1, 2, 3) is composed of at least one heat exchange tube (2) for containing heated fluid medium which is preferably steam; preferably the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes (2) which may be arranged in various configurations having opposite ends connected to manifolds (1, 3). The burner chamber surrounds a burner (7) for preheating air which is supplied to a furnace, in connection with the burner chamber, for increasing the temperature of a process fluid. The arrangement of the burner chamber and furnace permits air to be drawn past the heat exchanger and into the burner chamber by a draft created by operation of the burner (7) and the furnace. The heat exchanger (1, 2, 3) is preferably positioned to permit unobstructed air flow communication between the surroundings and the burner.