Abstract:
Described herein are transparent composites which are useful for improving indoor illumination. The transparent composite redirects sunlight so that illumination inside building is improved while also reducing or eliminating glaring. In some embodiments, the sunlight redirecting transparent composite comprises a transparent substrate and a holographic element, wherein the holographic element comprises an interference pattern that diffracts a selected portion of the incident solar light such that the light is redirected into the building at angle that provides improved illumination within the building. In some embodiments, the diffractive structures are the same across the length of the holographic element. In some embodiments, the diffractive structures continuously vary across the length of the holographic element. In some embodiments the system may also comprise luminescent wavelength conversion elements. In some embodiments, the luminescent material absorbs UV photons and converts these photons into visible wavelengths.
Abstract:
Described herein are devices, compositions, and methods for improving color discernment. In particular, devices and methods for correcting color blindness comprising a hologram that enhances the ability to distinguish a desired first bandwidth by decreasing the transmission of a second bandwidth. Advantageously, the device appears not tinted to outside observer.
Abstract:
A spectral purity filter is integrated with a collector optic (CO) in an EUV lithography apparatus. The element is coated on at least one surface (410) with a multilayer stack comprising a plurality of alternating material layers (for example Mo, Si) suitable for reflecting radiation of EUV wavelength. To manufacture the element, a substrate (402) is provided with a three-dimensional profile (410a, 412, 410b) on a scale much larger than the wavelength of EUV radiation. The multilayer stack is then applied as a series conformal coatings formed by atomic layer deposition on the substrate after formation of said profile. The profile, as reproduced in the MLM coating (310a, 312, 310b), forms a spectral purity filter. Unwanted radiation such as infrared radiation will be scattered or diffracted so that a reduced portion is reflected in the same direction as the reflected EUV radiation. The profile may be designed to form a phase grating, or a scattering texture.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un filtre optique insensible à la polarisation centré sur une longueur d'onde (λ0) mesurée dans le vide, comprenant : un premier et un second guides d'ondes (21, 21') supportant chacun un mode de propagation; un premier réseau (11) formé dans ou sur la surface du premier guide d'onde (21), le premier réseau étant périodique au moins selon un premier axe Ox définissant une première base orthonormée Oxyz; un second réseau (11') formé dans ou sur la surface du second guide d'onde (21), le second réseau étant périodique au moins selon un second axe Oxy' définissant une seconde base orthonormée Ox'y'z; le premier et le second réseaux sont disposés l'un au dessus de l'autre et sont tels que le premier axe Ox et le second axe Ox' forment un angle ξ différent de ± π /2 radians de manière à ce que lorsque le premier réseau est éclairé par un faisceau lumineux, les premier et second modes de propagation sont excités, et leurs champs sont orthogonaux pour un angle d'incidence du faisceau lumineux déterminé.
Abstract:
Selon un aspect, l'invention concerne un filtre spectral passe bande, optimisé pour la transmission d'une onde incidente à au moins une première longueur d'onde centrale λ 0 donnée comprenant : un réseau métallique d'épaisseur (t) supérieure à environ λ 0 /50 et comprenant au moins un premier ensemble de fentes sensiblement identiques, parallèles, de largeur ( w ) inférieure à environ λ 0 /10, espacées de façon périodique ou quasi- périodique selon une première période inférieure à ladite première longueur d'onde centrale, une couche de matériau diélectrique d'épaisseur (h) et d'indice de réfraction (n g ) donné, couplée avec le réseau métallique pour former un guide d'onde des ondes diffractées par le réseau, ladite première période du réseau étant adaptée pour que seuls les ordres 0 et ± 1 d'une onde à incidence normale et longueur d'onde λ 0 soient diffractés dans la couche de matériau diélectrique, l'ensemble couche diélectrique et réseau étant suspendu, en utilisation, dans un fluide d'indice de réfraction proche de 1.
Abstract:
There is provided a wearable display comprising at least one Switchable Bragg Grating (SBG) device recorded in at least one Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (HPDLC) layer. Each HPDLC layer is sandwiched between first and second transparent plates to which transparent electrodes have been applied. Each SBG device is characterised in that it provides a grating in a separate switchable region and is clear elsewhere. Each SBG device has a diffracting state and a non diffracting state. The transparent plates and HPDLC layers form a laminar structure which functions as a light guide. In one embodiment of the invention the display magnifies and forms a virtual image of information provided by an external image generator. In one embodiment of the invention the display and forms a virtual image of an image of information encoded in the SBG device.
Abstract:
A lithographic spectral impurity filter is disclosed that includes a first and a second filter element arranged at subsequent positions along an optical axis. The first filter element has a slit arranged in a first direction. The second filter element has a slit arranged in a second direction transverse to the first direction. The spectral filter is configured to enhance the spectral purity of a radiation beam by reflecting radiation of a first wavelength and allowing transmission of radiation of a second wavelength, the first wavelength being larger than the second wavelength.
Abstract:
Grating structures adapted to support cavity modes ("CMs"), including CMs produced by waveguide modes (WGs) of TE -polarized radiation; and those produced by WGs or vertically-oriented surface plasmons (VSPs) on the groove walls of incident TM- polarized radiation are provided. Such grating structures include those that provide enhanced transmission for a predetermined polarization state at a predetermined wavelength, simultaneous TM and TE transmission, and those that provide light circulation and weaving. The grating structures can include wires, or arrays of holes in thin (metallic) films, and include multiple-groove-per-period structures. Methods for optimizing such grating structures are also provided.
Abstract:
Das Element zur spektralselektiven Strahlführung dient der Ausfilterung breitbandiger bis zu extrem schmalbandiger Verteilungen aus den Emissionsspektren von Beleuchtungssystemen. Das erfindungsgemäße Element besteht aus einem zumindest teilweise transparenten Trägersubstrat mit ein oder zwei spektralselektiven Schichten, bei dem eine erste spektralselektive Schicht als diffraktive Beugungsstruktur und die mögliche zweite spektralselektive Schicht als Spiegelschicht oder ebenfalls als diffraktive Beugungsstruktur ausgeführt sind, wobei die diffraktive Beugungsstruktur(en) jeweils für mindestens ein schmalbandiges Spektrum und die Spiegelschicht für mindestens ein weiteres Spektrum reflektiv wirken und die aus dem Emissionsspektrum selektierten Spektren in die gleiche Richtung reflektiert werden. Durch Kombination der Elemente sind die unterschiedlichsten spektralen Verteilungen selektierbar. Derartige Anordnungen sind außer in Mikroskopen, auch in Projektionssystemen, in Beleuchtungssystemen für Fluoreszenzlicht-Anwendungen und Photometrie, als dichroitische Strahlteilersysteme und bei Umkehrung der Strahlrichtung bei Systemen zur Überlagerung von Strahlen oder aber auch in Systemen zur Spektralanalyse anwendbar.
Abstract:
A holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer (20) for separating and combining pre-selected wavelengths. Included is a holographic element that contains a specifically written recording of multiple separate focal points (30,32), one for each of a plurality of different pre-selected wavelengths. The holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer separates the different wavelengths contained within a single beam of radiation (12), and focuses each wavelength to a separate pre-recorded focal point. The holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer also multiplexes multiple beams containing a single wavelength of radiation, into a single beam and focuses the single beam to a pre-recorded focal point. The holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer can also be used as a wavelength exchanger.