公开(公告)号：WO1993012904A1

公开(公告)日：1993-07-08

申请号：PCT/US1992011089

申请日：1992-12-18

Applicant: CETAC TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED

Inventor： CETAC TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED ,  WIEDERIN, Daniel, R.

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/42 ,  B23K9/328 ,  G01N21/714 ,  G01N35/1095 ,  G01N2001/1463

Abstract: A direct injection micro nebulizer based sample introduction system (10, 20, 40, 50) for use in nebulizing sample solutions in close proximity to sample analysis systems, with desolvation (F6, C6) and solvent removal (80, 90) capability is disclosed. The present invention offers design features and utility not available in previously known micro nebulizer systems. Predominantly unibody (1) design and use of nonmetallic, hydrofloric acid resistant construction materials are taught. The present invention allows easy cleaning and adjustment of element relationships which are necessary to proper operation of direct injection micro nebulizer systems via sample delivery tube system adjustment means (6, 7 and 8) and (46, 47 and 48) and removable top elements (2, 42 and 42m). Use of separate or integrated protective sleeving (3A) on otherwise crushable sample solution delivery tubing (3B) is disclosed. Special direct injection micro nebulizer top elements (2, 42, 42m) and torch designs (20, 40) are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：WO1992018282A1

公开(公告)日：1992-10-29

申请号：PCT/US1992001872

申请日：1992-03-09

Applicant: HYPERTHERM, INC.

Inventor： HYPERTHERM, INC. ,  COUCH, Richard, W., Jr. ,  SANDERS, Nicholas, A. ,  LUO, Lifeng ,  SOBR, John

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/34 ,  B23K10/00 ,  B23K10/006 ,  H05H1/28 ,  H05H1/30 ,  H05H1/341 ,  H05H2001/3421 ,  H05H2001/3426 ,  H05H2001/3442 ,  H05H2001/3457 ,  H05H2001/3468 ,  H05H2001/3478 ,  H05H2001/3494

Abstract: A plasma arc torch (10) has a secondary gas flow (46) that is extremely large during piercing of a workpiece (36). The secondary flow (46) exits the torch immediately adjacent the transferred plasma arc (34) and is an extremely uniform, swirling flow. A swirl ring (60) is located in the secondary gas flow path (50) at the exit point. A prechamber (58) feeds gas to the swirl ring (60), which is in turn fed through a flow restricting orifice (56). For certain applications the secondary gas (46) is a mixture of an oxidizing gas and a non-oxidizing gas in a flow ratio of oxydizing to non-oxidizing in the range of 2:3 to 9:1. A network (44) of conduits and solenoid valves (SV1-SV17) operated under the control of a central microprocessor (90) regulates the flows of plasma gas (42) and secondary gas (46) and mixes the secondary gas (46).

Abstract translation: 等离子弧焊炬（10）具有在工件（36）刺穿期间非常大的二次气流（46）。 二次流（46）紧邻转移的等离子弧（34）离开火炬并且是非常均匀的旋转流。 旋流环（60）位于出口处的二次气体流路（50）中。 预燃室（58）将气体供给到涡流环（60），涡流环又通过流动限制孔口（56）供给。 对于某些应用，二次气体（46）是氧化气体和非氧化性气体的混合物，其氧化流动比与非氧化的流动比在2:3至9:1的范围内。 在中央微处理器（90）的控制下操作的管道和电磁阀（SV1-SV17）的网络（44）调节等离子体气体（42）和二次气体（46）的流动并混合二次气体（46）。

公开(公告)号：WO1991016164A1

公开(公告)日：1991-10-31

申请号：PCT/US1991001855

申请日：1991-03-19

Applicant: HYPERTHERM, INC.

Inventor： HYPERTHERM, INC. ,  LUO, Lifeng ,  SANDERS, Nicholas, A. ,  COUCH, Richard, W., Jr.

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/341 ,  B23K10/006 ,  H05H2001/3421 ,  H05H2001/3426 ,  H05H2001/3442 ,  H05H2001/3468 ,  H05H2001/3478 ,  H05H2001/3494

Abstract: A process and apparatus for reducing wear of an electrode in a plasma arc torch (12) involves altering the gas flow in a plasma chamber (32) surrounding the electrode (22) immediatly before and continuing after cutting of the current that sustains the arc (18). The altering includes closing off the gas flow upstream of the chamber (32), switching from a swirling flow to a radial/axial flow through the plasma chamber (32), reducing the arc current level in conjunction with either of the above, and venting the plasma chamber (32) to rapidly change the gas flow and pressure in the chamber (32). The interval is sufficient to reduce electrode wear, but short enough that the arc remains stabilized until cut-off. In the flow stop mode, a solenoid valve (48) is placed on an inlet tube (46) for the plasma gas. For venting, a vent tube and another solenoid valve (68) are added to the torch (12). In the flow pattern switching mode, two independent gas supply lines with control valves feed separate sets of gas inlets to the plasma chamber (32), one set producing a swirling flow and the other set producing a radial then axial flow.

公开(公告)号：WO1991002619A1

公开(公告)日：1991-03-07

申请号：PCT/US1990003870

申请日：1990-07-10

Applicant: HYPERTHERM, INC.

Inventor： HYPERTHERM, INC. ,  SANDERS, Nicholas, A. ,  COUCH, Richard, W., Jr.

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: B23K10/00 ,  B23K10/006 ,  H05H1/28 ,  H05H1/30 ,  H05H1/34 ,  H05H1/341 ,  H05H2001/3421 ,  H05H2001/3426 ,  H05H2001/3442 ,  H05H2001/3457 ,  H05H2001/3468 ,  H05H2001/3478

Abstract: A plasma arc cutting torch (10), particularly one operating in the 0-200 ampere range, has a shield (38) mounted at its lower end adjacent a workpiece (26) to block splattered molten metal (26a) from reaching a nozzle (16) of the torch. The shield (38) is electrically insulated, preferably by mounting it on an insulating ring (22) that is itself secured on a cap (20) screwed onto the torch body (12). A secondary gas flow (48) through the torch passes through the space (40) between the nozzle (16) and the shield (38) to provide cooling. Bleed ports (44, 44') in the shield allow an enhanced flow rate with the remaining flow being at a rate, in conjunction with the size of an exit orifice (42) in the shield, to stabilize the plasma arc. The bleed ports (44, 44') are outwardly angled away from the arc. Canted ports in the secondary gas flow path, but before the bleed ports, produce a swirling of the gas flow which enhances the quality of the cut. A flow control system (60), preferably one utilizing parallel branch conduits and control valves, allows the selection of flow rates for the secondary gas depending on the cutting conditions.

Abstract translation: 等离子体电弧割炬（10），特别是在0-200安培范围内工作的等离子体电弧割炬（10）具有在其下端附近邻近工件（26）安装的屏蔽件（38），以阻挡溅出的熔融金属（26a）到达喷嘴 16）的火炬。 护罩（38）电绝缘，优选地将其安装在绝缘环（22）上，绝缘环本身固定在拧在割炬本体（12）上的帽（20）上。 通过手电筒的二次气流（48）通过喷嘴（16）和屏蔽（38）之间的空间（40），以提供冷却。 屏蔽中的出口端口（44,44'）允许增加的流速，其余流量与屏蔽件中的出口孔（42）的尺寸一致，以稳定等离子体电弧。 排出口（44,44'）远离电弧向外成角度。 在二次气体流动路径中但在排出口之前的端口产生气流的旋转，这提高了切割的质量。 流量控制系统（60），优选地使用并联分支管道和控制阀的流量控制系统（60）允许根据切割条件选择二次气体的流量。

公开(公告)号：WO1990004483A1

公开(公告)日：1990-05-03

申请号：PCT/FI1988000174

申请日：1988-10-26

Applicant: NIINIVAARA, Ensi, Kyösti, Juhani

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: B23K9/0061 ,  B23K9/133

Abstract: The invention relates to arc welding and it concerns a method and an apparatus for making a weld seam, preferably for attaching an anticorrosion anode to an underwater metal structure (1). According to the method and the apparatus a rod-like welding electrode (3) is used which is isolated from the surrounding water by a case-like protection mantle (2). For creating an arc the structure (1) is connected to one pole of a current source with the electrode (3) connected to the other pole. According to the basic idea of the invention, the anode is provided with a gasket ring (25) which is at first placed onto the structure (1) and fastened thereto temporarily. Thereafter, water and/or moisture still remaining between the gasket ring and the structure is removed by heating. After the intermediate space has been dried, the welding process is started, whereby the welding electrode (3) is moved inside the protection mantle (2) by a hydraulic power cylinder (4) which is driven by the hydrostatic pressure of the water surrounding the protection mantle.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及电弧焊，涉及用于制造焊缝的方法和装置，优选用于将防腐阳极附接到水下金属结构（1）。 根据该方法和装置，使用通过壳状保护罩（2）与周围水隔离的棒状焊接电极（3）。 为了产生电弧，结构（1）连接到电流源的一个极，电极（3）连接到另一个极。 根据本发明的基本思想，阳极设置有首先放置在结构（1）上并临时紧固的垫圈环（25）。 此后，通过加热除去仍然留在垫圈环和结构之间的水和/或水分。 在中间空间已经干燥之后，开始焊接过程，焊接电极（3）通过液压动力缸（4）在保护罩（2）内移动，液压动力缸由围绕 防护罩

公开(公告)号：WO1989011941A1

公开(公告)日：1989-12-14

申请号：PCT/US1989000433

申请日：1989-02-03

Applicant: HYPERTHERM, INC.

Inventor： HYPERTHERM, INC. ,  SANDERS, Nicholas, A. ,  COUCH, Richard, W., Jr.

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/341 ,  B23K10/006 ,  H05H1/28 ,  H05H1/30 ,  H05H1/34 ,  H05H2001/3421 ,  H05H2001/3426 ,  H05H2001/3442 ,  H05H2001/3457 ,  H05H2001/3468 ,  H05H2001/3478

Abstract: A plasma arc cutting torch, particularly one operating in the 0-200 ampere range, has a shield (38) mounted at its lower end adjacent a workpiece (26) to block splattered molten metal from reaching a nozzle (16) of the torch. The shield is electrically insulated, preferably by mounting it on an insulating ring (22) that is itself secured on a cap (20) screwed onto the torch body. A secondary gas flow through the torch passes through the space between the nozzle (16) and the shield (38) to provide cooling. Bleed ports (44) in the shield (38) allow an enhanced flow rate with the remaining flow being at a rate, in conjunction with the size of an exit orifice (42) in the shield (38), to stabilize the plasma arc. Canted ports (54) in the secondary gas flow path produce a swirling of the gas flow which enhances the quality of the cut.

Abstract translation: 等离子体电弧割炬，特别是在0-200安培范围内工作的等离子体电弧割炬具有在其下端邻近工件（26）安装的屏蔽（38），以阻挡溅出的熔融金属到达焊炬的喷嘴（16）。 屏蔽层是电绝缘的，优选地将其安装在绝缘环（22）上，该绝缘环本身固定在拧在割炬本体上的盖（20）上。 通过手电筒的二次气流通过喷嘴（16）和屏蔽（38）之间的空间，以提供冷却。 与屏蔽（38）中的出口孔（42）的尺寸相结合，剩余流量与屏蔽（38）中的出口端口（44）一起允许增加的流速，以稳定等离子体电弧。 二次气流通道中的端口（54）产生气流的旋转，这提高了切割的质量。

公开(公告)号：WO1989008528A1

公开(公告)日：1989-09-21

申请号：PCT/FI1989000042

申请日：1989-03-08

Applicant: NIINIVAARA, Ensi, Kyösti, Juhani

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: B23K9/24 ,  B23K9/013

Abstract: The invention relates to an arc cutting method and an apparatus for cutting electrically conductive material by means of electric arc. In the method according to the invention the arc cutting medium is heated by electric arc generated between the arc cutting electrode and an object ment to be cut. For removing the melt material, heated arc cutting medium is conveyed through the arc cutting electrode and directed to the arc area as at least one jet. The apparatus according to the invention comprises, as adapted inside its mantle-like frame (1), of an arc cutting medium chamber (2) and a rod-like arc cutting electrode (16) including an axial arc cutting medium discharge conduit (13), both for conveying arc cutting medium from the chamber (2) into the discharge conduit (13): first tube means (3, 6) for conveying arc cutting medium from the chamber (2) into heat exchanger means (7) wherein part of the heat energy generated by the electric arc transmits to the arc cutting medium; second tube means (8, 10) for conveying heated arc cutting medium from the heat exchanger means (7) into the discharge conduit (13).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过电弧切割导电材料的电弧切割方法和装置。 在根据本发明的方法中，通过在电弧切割电极和要切割的物体之间产生的电弧来加热电弧切割介质。 为了去除熔融材料，加热的电弧切割介质通过电弧切割电极输送并作为至少一个射流引导到弧形区域。 根据本发明的装置包括在其地幔状框架（1）内部适配的弧形切割介质室（2）和棒状弧光切割电极（16），其包括轴向弧形切割介质排出管道（13） 用于将电弧切割介质从腔室（2）输送到排放管道（13）中：用于将电弧切割介质从腔室（2）输送到热交换器装置（7）的第一管道装置（3,6），其中部分 由电弧产生的热能传递到电弧切割介质; 用于将加热的电弧切割介质从热交换器装置（7）输送到排放管道（13）中的第二管道装置（8,10）。

公开(公告)号：WO1993013905A1

公开(公告)日：1993-07-22

申请号：PCT/US1992003924

申请日：1992-05-08

Applicant: HYPERTHERM, INC.

Inventor： HYPERTHERM, INC. ,  COUCH, Richard, W. ,  SANDERS, Nicholas, A. ,  LUO, Lifeng ,  SOBR, John ,  BÄCKANDER, Patrik

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: H05H1/34 ,  H05H2001/3421 ,  H05H2001/3436 ,  H05H2001/3442 ,  H05H2001/3457 ,  H05H2001/3468

Abstract: In a plasma arc cutting torch (10), a flow of plasma gas is bypassed out of a plasma chamber (14) preferably at an annular gap between a pre-orifice in an inner nozzle piece (36) and an exit nozzle orifice in an outer nozzle piece (38). A bypass channel (20) formed between the inner and outer nozzle pieces directs the bypass flow to atmosphere. A metering valve (22) or restricting orifice remote from the gap controls the amount of the bypass flow and delays the response of changes in the flow parameters in the plasma chamber (14) to changes in the bypass flow. The pre-orifice and nozzle orifice are positioned and dimensioned to optimize the mass flow velocity and the strength of a vortex-type flow at the pre-orifice, thereby creating a virtual nozzle immediately below the electrode (30). The gas flow in the plasma chamber (14) is highly uniform and very steady.

公开(公告)号：WO1992014576A1

公开(公告)日：1992-09-03

申请号：PCT/US1992001064

申请日：1992-02-14

Applicant: IDAHO RESEARCH FOUNDATION ,  TAYLOR, Patrick, R. ,  PIRZADA, Shahid, A.

Inventor： IDAHO RESEARCH FOUNDATION

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/00243 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0886 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  C01B32/90 ,  C01B32/956 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/51 ,  C01P2004/62

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the synthesis of ultra-fine (submicron) ceramic carbides in a thermal plasma torch reactor (7) using primarily silica, boron oxide, titanium dioxide or other oxides as metal sources and methane as a reductant. A plasma torch (17) operated with both argon and helium as plasma gases and having methane as a primary carrier gas is connected to the plasma reactor (7) for providing the heat necessary to carry out the reaction. A collection chamber (5) with both interior and exterior cooling is connected to the reactor for quenching of the reactants. Cooling is provided to the torch (17), the reactor (7) and the collection chamber (5) using coils, baffles and jackets.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在热等离子体焰炬反应器（7）中合成超细（亚微米）陶瓷碳化物的装置和方法，其主要使用二氧化硅，氧化硼，二氧化钛或其它氧化物作为金属源，甲烷作为还原剂。 用氩气和氦气作为等离子气体操作并具有甲烷作为主载气的等离子体焰炬（17）连接到等离子体反应器（7），以提供进行反应所需的热量。 具有内部和外部冷却的收集室（5）连接到反应器以淬灭反应物。 使用线圈，挡板和夹套将喷射器（17），反应器（7）和收集室（5）提供冷却。

公开(公告)号：WO1992005006A1

公开(公告)日：1992-04-02

申请号：PCT/SU1991000185

申请日：1991-09-20

Applicant: NAUCHNO-PROIZVODSTVENNOE OBIEDINENIE SREDSTV ... ,  BUDENNY, Anatoly Pavlovich

Inventor： NAUCHNO-PROIZVODSTVENNOE OBIEDINENIE SREDSTV ...

IPC: B23K09/00

CPC classification number: B23K9/1006

Abstract: A welding transformer comprises a power transformer (1) whose primary winding (2) is connected, through the winding of a choke (5), to an alternating current power source, and the magnetic circuit (4) of the power transformer (1) is saturable.

Abstract translation: 焊接变压器包括其一次绕组（2）通过扼流圈（5）的绕组连接到交流电源的电力变压器（1）和电力变压器（1）的磁路（4） 是可饱和的