Abstract:
An apparatus is operated in a method that comprises the steps of providing a first flotation tank (5) with a first riser pipe (11) erected in a first flotation chamber, providing a continuous flow (E) of effluent (2) to the first flotation tank (5) via the first inlet (10), providing a first mixture (Ml) of a first liquid medium (LM1) with microbubbles (15) of a first flotation vehicle (FV1) in form of a first inert, anoxic or low- oxygen gas and pumping the first mixture (Ml) to the first flotation tank (5), and allowing the microbubbles to attach to organics inside the first riser pipe to form aggregates that can float and settle at the top zone of the first flotation tank and can be further digested in the digester of the biogas plant. A further processing and refining of a lower phase can take place in a second flotation tank in a similar manner. Process gas is the gas already present in the digester and dispersion water for microbubbles is water re-circulated from a second lower phase formed in the second flotation tank in response to a second formation of floating aggregates.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a separator for retaining and recirculating cells in a continuous-flow- or batch-flow-type plastic bag or bottle which can preferably be operated outside of a bioreactor. Additionally, the invention relates to a method for retaining and recirculating cells within or outside of a bioreactor. The invention further relates to a method for producing the separator according to the invention.
Abstract:
A photobioreactor system and the methods of using the system for cultivating photosynthetic organisms, including algae, cyanobacteria, plants, and plant cells. A single photobioreactor unit consists of transparent materials (such as glass, fiberglass, or plastics) and non-transparent materials (such as stainless steel or other metals). Two or more photobioreactor units can be connected with each other in a cascade to form a photobioreactor system, which can be used for cultivation of the photosynthetic organisms.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for retaining and recirculating cells in a continuous-flow or batch-flow vessel. The invention further relates to a method for producing an apparatus which allows cells to be retained and recirculated in a continuous-flow or batch-flow vessel.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Begaser zum Eintrag eines Gases oder Gasgemisches in eine Flüssigkeit sowie ein Verfahren zur Begasung von Flüssigkeiten. Der erfϊndungsgemäße Begaser umfasst einen Hohlraum, einen Gaseinlass zum Einleiten eines Gases in den Hohlraum und zwei oder mehr Flächen, die formschlüssig aufeinander gepresst sind oder gepresst werden können, so dass ein durch den Gaseinlass in den Hohlraum gedrücktes Gas durch die zwischen den zusammengepressten Flächen auftretenden Spalten entweicht.
Abstract:
Biogasanlage (1) mit einem Fermenter(2), der eine erste und zumindest eine zweite Gärkammer (K1, K2) zum Vergären des Gärmediums aufweist, wobei in der ersten Gärkammer (K1) gebildetes Biogas in ein in der zweiten Gärkammer (K2) angeordnetes Steigrohr (7) einbringbar ist.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a submerged fermentation process for producing high biomass levels of mushrooms mycelia in liquid media suitable for semi-continuous or continuous mushroom spawn production. The process provides a sterile, log phase inoculum for a solid substrate that, when based on biomass, exceeds normal inoculation levels by several thousand fold mycelia substrate production. The liquid inoculum so produced can be aseptically transferred to bulk sterilizer to inoculate a sterilizer grain or sawdust substrate for commercial mushroom production. The liquid inoculum may also be inoculated directly onto the mushroom compost. This invention further relates to microcapsules used to enhance the fermentation process and the equipment used to conduct such process.
Abstract:
The invention is related to a reactor for biofilm formation (3) and a reactor for biofilm inactivation and removal from the adhesion surface (5) in assays. The reactors comprise a head (1), which is common to both reactors. The head (1) comprises a rotative vertical shaft (8), having at least a fixed cylinder (9). The invention is also related to a process for biofilm formation and a process for biofilm inactivation and removal from the adhesion surface. The prior state of the art reactors do not present a sufficient sampling surface area, have significant limitations in providing uniform flowing conditions due to the change in flow patterns around the flat adhesion surface and do not allow performing different chemical or mechanical treatments during the assays. The reactors of the invention allow a high sampling area andreduce the existence of changes in the flow patterns around the adhesion surface and its influence in biofilm formation. Moreover, the reactors allow the application of different chemical or mechanical treatments per assay.