摘要:
A method for optimization of continuous digestion process is provided which aims to control the delignification process in a continuous pulp digester in an optimal way for different pulp grades taking care of the process disturbances and model uncertainties. This is achieved by customizing a generic mathematical model for continuous digestion process which runs through software application on a dedicated electronic means. The model is updated periodically based on online information and used with a plant optimization component involving multiobjective optimization to evaluate the optimal set points for the controllers.
摘要:
Methods are provided for determining the yield and/or hygroscopicity of a pulp from the dimensions of fibers obtained from a sample of the pulp. The yield and/or hygroscopicity of softwoods and hardwoods may be calculated using the methods of the present invention. The methods of the present invention are especially suited to on-line measurements obtained during the pulping process.
摘要:
Chemical species, e.g. metaborate, carbonate, hydroxide and sulfide, in a boron-containing alkaline wood pulping liquor sample are determined quantitatively by (i) subjecting a first aliquot portion of the sample to a primary acid titration analysis to derive multiple equivalence points at different respective pH values; (ii) subjecting a second aliquot portion of the sample to an analysis to determine the quantitative presence of boron or sulfide ions therein; and then (iii) determining the quantitative presence in the sample of at least one of the chemical species. Wood pulping parameters may thus be determined on the basis of the quantitative presence of the chemical species to assist in process and/or quality of the wood pulping process.
摘要:
The aim of the invention is to determine the point in time during pulp cooking at which the viscosity and/or kappa number of the pulp produced have predetermined values. Since these values can be determined only after the cooking process, appropriate models must be used. To that end, use is made of a neural network whose initial value is the desired viscosity and/or kappa number from which the requisite cooking time can be determined and whose initial values are measurement values of the cooking process. According to the invention, the neural network is adapted during the course of a continuous cooking reaction on the basis of a dynamic model of the changing measurement values. Suitable measurement values during pulp cooking are in particular the SO2 content of the cooking acid and the colour value and electrical conductivity or pH value. In the associated arrangement, the model (10) used is a combination of analytical models (101 to 103, 201 to 204) of the process variables with the neuronal network (100, 200).
摘要:
The present invention is related to a method for unplugging or cleaning a screen in a continuous process kraft cooking digester process, wherein the continuous Kraft cooking digester comprises a plurality of screens, each screen having a digestion zone facing side and a digestor wall facing side, the plurality of screens disposed in a screen ring, the screen ring having at least one screen flow outlet leaving the digestor and at least one screen flow inlet entering the screen ring; the at least one screen flow inlet entering the screen ring providing a washing liquor to the screen for: unplugging, alkalinization treatment or both, without stopping the system.
摘要:
The invention enables determining the reduction rate of a recovery boiler using optical information from a chemical smelt sample. A processor is used to read a digital frame at least part of which represents the chemical smelt sample of the recovery boiler. An area of interest is determined from the digital frame read comprising at least part of the area in the digital frame representing the chemical smelt sample. Of the pixel values of the area of interest, one or more spectral characteristic values correlating with the change of reduction rate are determined. The reduction rate of the recovery boiler is determined using a reduction rate function of one or more of the determined spectral characteristic values weighted at predetermined weights.
摘要:
Methods and systems for controlling operation of a smelt dissolving tank receiving a flow of smelt and having a vent stack in fluid communication are provided. A dissolving liquid is injected into the smelt dissolving tank at a predetermined injection rate. A temperature of a flow of vapour in the vent stack is measured with a sensor. The injection rate of the dissolving liquid is controlled based on the temperature of the flow of vapour.
摘要:
Methods and devices are provides for hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. A mechanically simple and inexpensive vertical steam reactor is fed with biomass feedstock from the top, while pretreated material is removed from the bottom in steady-state by operation of moveable upper and lower restrictor means, which project across the reactor cross section when engaged. The vertical column of biomass is supported by the upper restrictor means. This is periodically withdrawn from the reactor cross section, permitting the column of biomass to fall by force of gravity onto the lower restrictor means. The upper restrictor means is then re-inserted, after which the lower restrictor means is withdrawn permitting a "plug" of pretreated material to be removed by force of gravity. Using biomass feedstock that has been compressed in a reciprocating piston press to bulk density of at least 500 kg/m3, which can be fed dry into the reactor using simple, inexpensive sluice systems and then wetted inside the reactor, this system provides comparable biomass throughput at a fraction of the cost of traditional commercial hydrothermal pretreatment systems used in "second generation" biorefining.
摘要翻译:提供木质纤维素生物质的水热预处理方法和装置。 机械简单且廉价的立式蒸汽反应器从顶部供给生物质原料,而预处理的材料通过可动的上下限制器装置在稳态下被从底部移除,其在接合时跨过反应器横截面。 生物质的垂直柱由上限制器支撑。 这是从反应器横截面周期性地撤出的,允许生物质柱由重力下降到下限制装置上。 然后重新插入上节流装置,之后将下限制器装置取出,允许预先处理的材料的“塞子”通过重力被移除。 使用已经在往复式活塞压力机中压缩至至少500kg / m 3的堆积密度的生物质原料,其可以使用简单廉价的闸门系统干燥进料到反应器中,然后在反应器内部润湿,该系统提供可比较的生物量 是“第二代”生物精炼中使用的传统商业水热预处理系统的一小部分成本。
摘要:
The invention concerns a system and a method for the regulation of a continuous vapour phase digester (50). The relevant process inflows (CH, ST, WL, DL) are regulated with a process regulator (PC) depending on current process outflows (LIQRET, CHOUT) in order to establish a gas phase (STP) above a level (LIQLEV) of cooking fluid in the digester and a level of chips (CHLEV) in the digester that lies above the level of fluid. The process regulator has a first set of sensors (40, 41, 43) in order to control a first set of regulators (10, 11, 12, 13) in the input with respect to a first set of target values, and that [sic, syntax] the system comprises a load controller that is independent of the process regulator, which load controller has a second set of sensors (42) in order to control a second set of regulators (20, 21, 22, 23) in the input with respect to a second set of threshold values. The load controller closes at least one of the relevant inflows when these threshold values are exceeded. Alternatively, the load controller can open an otherwise closed line in order to reduce the volume of fluid in the digester.