Abstract:
A thermal reactor for producing usable heat energy by destroying waste including a vessel wherein organic waste upon entering said vessel gasifies as it falls onto a carbon bed and is transformed into a synthesis gas with high heat and kinetic energy that can be harnessed to produce electricity. Inorganic waste upon entering melts as it falls onto the carbon bed and exits via slag ports to form an inert slag. Because there is no oxygen present in the gasification zone, the waste is not combusted and neither furan or dioxin are formed. The waste includes either prepared refuse derived fuel (RDF) or unprepared raw waste or a combination thereof.
Abstract:
A closed system that eliminates worker exposure during coker vessel decoking operations and thereby significantly reduces risks to workers also increase coking capacity by reducing the coking cycle time. The closed system preferably comprises a coker vessel (45) with a side entry feed line (50) attached to the vessel (45) above the vessel bottom (75); a closure housing (60) with laterally moveable closure member therein sealed to the vessel bottom (75) either directly without, or indirectly with an adapting spool member (85) and; a coke chute (65) sealed to the bottom of the closure housing (60). The system can be remotely and repetitively operated through numerous coking/decoking cycles without removal of any system element.
Abstract:
An improved process and apparatus for the production and reactivated carbon comprising the passing of a substrate (43) through one or more zones defined by electrodes (44, 45). Electrical energy passing through the bed of substrate (48) creates heat that supports the devolatilization and activation of the substrate (43). Steam, carbon dioxide, or an alternative gas can be used to support the activation process, while other zones can be filled with inert gas such as nitrogen to promote pyrolysis reactions. Preferably, these gases pass through the bed (48) in a co-current downward flow with the carbon to prevent fluidization and arcing within the bed (48).
Abstract:
The bio-fuel reactor injection system includes supplementing a biomass feedstock with a feedstock gas so that thermal conditions within the reactor body are optimized. The feedstock gas facilitates the flow of the feedstock through the feedstock injection system and maintains the feedstock below the feedstock's melting point until the feedstock is injected into the reactor body. In the preferred embodiment, the supplemental feedstock gas is nitrogen. The injection system also includes a plurality of screens that form a gas distributor plate. The gas distributor plate at least partially supports a fluidized bed within the reactor body. In the preferred embodiment, the nitrogen-supplemented feedstock is injected into the fluidized bed within the reactor.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a cost-effective biomass gasification method and system for converting biomass materials into gaseous fuel, wherein the system is capable of converting at least about 50-70% of the carbon in the biomass material into gaseous carbon at a temperature lower than about 1300° F. Also provided is a highly-efficient, cost-effective biomass gasification system comprises a combustor and a gasifier with an inside diameter of at least about 36 inches and a height of at least about 40 feet.
Abstract:
A drill stem guide and cover system is designed to guide a drill stem used in coke cutting operations. After a cutting tool and drill stem are inserted into a coke drum, covers close, forming a passageway small enough that it prevents the cutting tool on the end of the drill stem from being removed but large enough to allow movement of the drill stem. The drill stem moves within the passageway to allow the cutting tool to be raised and lowered as needed. The closed covers provide protection from the release of pressurized or explosive gases while the coke cutting operation is taking place. The covers can be automated so that an operator can control them from a safe distance, and the covers can be remotely opened for the removal of the drill stem and cutting tool when coke cutting operations are not taking place.