Abstract:
Spherical (23) or cylindrical (27, 36) electrodeless ultraviolet lamps are used to remediate fluid, directly or by excitation of ultraviolet-activated photocatalyst surfaces, which may be on the lamps themselves, or on structures which are permeable by the fluid. The lamps may be excited in cavities (18, 19, 43) by microwave energy from magnetron (22), or by radio frequency power (39) inductively coupled (40) to the lamps. The lamps (44) may have start-up electrodes (47).
Abstract:
Eine Leuchte (1) mit einem Zündgerät (6) mit vorgeschalteter Drossel (5) weist mindestens zwei parallel geschaltete Brenner (11, 12, 13) in mindestens zwei Hüllkolben (22, 23; 32, 33) auf.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a high pressure sodium lamp comprising an evacuated cover (3) including a base part (7), an arc tube (5) comprising a first (13) and a second (15) electrode each being connected to the base part (7) via conductor members (17, 23). At least one conductor member (23) is arranged isolated by a shielding member (31) for preventing, during operation of the high pressure sodium lamp (1), the photo electronic stream from the at least one conductor member (23) to the arc tube (5). The lamp comprises a second arc tube.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a flat light emitter with dielectrically impeded strip-like cathodes (12; 15) and anodes (8; 9a) which are alternately arranged on the wall of the discharge vessel (14). The inventive device has an additional anode (9b) between each adjacent cathode (12; 12, 15), i.e. a pair of anodes (9) is respectively arranged between said cathodes (12; 12, 15). The cathodes (15) have nose-shaped extensions (28) facing each adjacent anode (8). Said extensions are more densely arranged as they advance towards the edges (26, 27) of the light emitter (13). Alternately or additionally, both anode strips (9a; 9b) of each anode pair (9) are wider on one side in the direction of each partner strip (9b or 9b) as they advance towards the edges (26, 27) of the light emitter (13). Such a design enables the surface luminance of the flat light emitter (13) to remain substantially constant even at the edges (26, 27, 29, 30).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a flat light emitter (4) which is suitable for dielectrically impeded discharge. The inventive device comprises a discharge vessel (5) made of electrically non-conductive material fitted with strip-like electrodes (6, 7) which are arranged on the wall of said vessel (5). The cathodes (6) and the anodes (7a) are alternatively disposed next to each other. At least the anodes are separated from the inside of the discharge vessel (5) by means of a dielectric material (10). An additional anode (7b) is located between each adjacent cathode (6), i.e. a pair of anodes (7a, 7b) is respectively arranged between said cathodes (6). Such a design enables a homogenous discharge structure in addition to optimal usage of the discharge vessel.
Abstract:
A magnetic field controller has been developed, which allows magnetic deflection of the arc of an alternating current high intensity discharge (HID) lamp. The controller consists of a driving circuit and an electromagnet. The system delivers a fast switching magnetic field, which can follow the alternating current signal of an alternating current HID ballast. The method minimizes the electromagnet's inductance and uses fast reacting ferromagnetic materials (Ni-Zn ferrite). To achieve the required magnetic field, a current amplifier was developed to pick up the signal from the alternating current ballast and drive the electromagnet with up to two amperes. The alternating magnetically deflected HID lamp system allows the use of magnetic deflection for alternating current HID lamps. A vehicle headlamp system can achieve multiple beam functions (day light running, low beam and high beam) of a headlight system with only one alternating current lamp.
Abstract:
There is provided a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (50) including a transparent tube (35) having first and second light-emitting areas (37a,37b) defined by partitioning an inner space of the transparent tube at the center, first and second terminal electrodes (31,34) positioned in the first and secon d light-emitting areas, respectively, first and second intermediate electrodes (32,33) positioned in the first and second light-emitting areas, and facing the first and second terminal electrodes, respectively, first and second lead-in wires (36a,36b) connected to the first and second terminal electrodes, respectively, and lead-in wires (36c,36d) connected to the first and second intermediate electrodes. The above-mentioned cold cathode fluorescent lamp makes it possible to lower a break-down voltage and a discharge voltage down to about halves of them in a conventional fluorescent lamp, and hence, discharged electrons are not attracted to a metal part.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a flat light emitter with dielectrically impeded strip-like cathodes (12; 15) and anodes (8; 9a) which are alternately arranged on the wall of the discharge vessel (14). The inventive device has an additional anode (9b) between each adjacent cathode (12; 12, 15), i.e. a pair of anodes (9) is respectively arranged between said cathodes (12; 12, 15). The cathodes (15) have nose-shaped extensions (28) facing each adjacent anode (8). Said extensions are more densely arranged as they advance towards the edges (26, 27) of the light emitter (13). Alternately or additionally, both anode strips (9a; 9b) of each anode pair (9) are wider on one side in the direction of each partner strip (9b or 9b) as they advance towards the edges (26, 27) of the light emitter (13). Such a design enables the surface luminance of the flat light emitter (13) to remain substantially constant even at the edges (26, 27, 29, 30).