Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, having the following steps: a) a polymerization step in which an aqueous monomer solution comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid group-carrying monomer (M) that can be at least partly neutralized and at least one crosslinking agent is polymerized, an aqueous polymer gel being obtained; b) a granulation step in which the aqueous polymer gel with a solid content of 35 to 70 wt.% and a temperature between 75 and 125 °C is pressed out of a high-pressures zone into a low-pressure zone through a perforated plate and a granulate is obtained, the pressure difference between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone equaling 4 to less than 14 bar and the opening ratio of the perforation plate equaling 30 to 80%; c) a drying step in which the granulate is dried to a moisture content of less than 10 wt.%; d) a grinding step and a classifying step, wherein water-absorbing polymer particles are obtained; and e) a surface post-crosslinking step for the water-absorbing polymer particles. The water-absorbing polymer particles have a high swelling rate and a high retention capacity while having an advantageous ratio of the permeability of the swollen gel bed SFC to the centrifuge retention capacity CRC.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the production of a zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure comprising YO 2 and X 2 O 3 , wherein said process comprises the steps of (1) preparing a mixture comprising one or more sources for YO 2 , one or more sources for X 2 O 3 , and seed crystals comprising one or more zeolitic materials having a BEA-type framework structure; (2) crystallizing the mixture obtained in step (1); and (3) subjecting the zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure obtained in step (2) to an ion-exchange procedure with Cu and/or Fe; wherein Y is a tetravalent element, and X is a trivaient element, wherein the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2) does not contain an organotemplate as structure-directing agent, and wherein the total amount of Cu and/or Fe in the ion-exchanged material obtained in step (3) ranges from 0.1 to 25 wt.-% calculated as Fe 2 O 3 and CuO, as well as to a zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure which may be obtained according to said process, and to a method for the treatment of NO x by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) using said zeolitic material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst for decomposing nitrous oxide, to a method for producing same, and to the use thereof. The catalyst contains rhodium on a catalyst support, and the catalyst support is produced by mixing zirconium dioxide powder with a silicon compound as a binder and water so as to form a kneadable mass, homogenizing the mass, molding the mass into molded bodies, drying, and calcining. The binder is selected from silicon compounds of the general formula (I) to (IV) (Hal)xSiR4-x(l) (Hal)xSi(OR')4-x(II) (Hal)xSi(NR R )a-x(III) RxSi(OR')4-x (IV) RxSi(NR R )4-x(V) (R O)xSi(NR R )4-x(VI), where Hal independently of one another represents halogen (F, Cl, Br, or I), R independently of one another represents H or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, arylalkyl, or aryl group, R , R independently of one another represent H or an optionally substituted alkyl, acyl, arylalkyl, or aryl group, and x represents 0 to 4.
Abstract translation:本发明涉及用于分解一氧化二氮的催化剂,其制备方法及其用途。 催化剂在催化剂载体上含有铑,催化剂载体通过将二氧化锆粉末与作为粘结剂的硅化合物和水混合以形成可捏炼物质,均化该物质,将该物质成型为模制体,干燥, 并煅烧。 (I)至(IV)(Hal)x SiR 4-x(1)(Hal)x Si(OR')4-x(II)(Hal)x Si(NR 1) R 2 Si)x(V)(R 1 O)x Si(NR 1)R x Si(OR')4-x(IV)R x Si(NR 1 R 2)4-x R 2)4-x(VI),其中Hal彼此独立地表示卤素(F,Cl,Br或I),R彼此独立地表示H或任选取代的烷基,烯基,炔基,环烷基, 环烯基,芳基烷基或芳基,R 1,R 2彼此独立地表示H或任选取代的烷基,酰基,芳基烷基或芳基,并且x表示0至4。
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for preparing cycloheptene and derivatives thereof by ring-closure metathesis of asymmetric 1,8-dienes whose C-C double bond in position 8 is not terminal. Cycloheptene and also its derivatives cycloheptanone, cycloheptylamine, cycloheptanecarbaldehyde, cycloheptanecarboxylic acid and cycloheptanecarbonyl chloride, and also their derivatives, are important synthetic building blocks for active compounds. The ring-closure metathesis is performed preferably as a reactive distillation. The asymmetric 1,8-dienes for the ring-closure metathesis can be obtained by catalytic decarbonylation or oxidative decarboxylation of the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic acid derivatives.