Abstract:
The present invention provides a technique that does not increase the circuit size, does not make the circuit design and manufacturing difficult, and can reduce insertion loss when light enters from a slab waveguide toward an arrayed waveguide or when the light enters from the arrayed waveguide toward the slab waveguide. The invention provides an optical waveguide provided with a slab waveguide 1 in which a grating GP is formed therein at a distance from an end, and an arrayed waveguide 2 whose end is connected to an end of the slab waveguide 1 at a position where a constructive interference portion of a self-image SP of the grating GP is formed. The invention provides an arrayed waveguide grating provided with a first input/output waveguide, the above-mentioned optical waveguide where an end of the slab waveguide 1 on the opposite side of the arrayed waveguide 2 is connected to an end of the first input/output waveguide, a second slab waveguide connected to an end of the arrayed waveguide 2 on the opposite side of the slab waveguide 1, and a second input/output waveguide connected to an end of the second slab waveguide on the opposite side of the arrayed waveguide 2.
Abstract:
A digital transmission system having at least a client device and a transmission device and rate-adjusting a client signal transmitted from the client device to the transmission device as necessary, to accommodate/multiplex the signal in a frame, is provided. The transmission device has a rate adjusting unit and a framer processing unit. The rate adjusting unit encapsulates the client signal using a predetermined frame structure, and inserts an idle pattern, as necessary, to perform rate adjustment to a bit rate that can be accommodated in the frame. The framer processing unit accommodates/multiplexes the signal into the frame after the rate adjustment. The digital transmission system accommodates, or accommodates and multiplexes, a bit string of the client signal directly in a payload portion, accommodates, or accommodates and multiplexes, the bit string in the payload portion after subjecting it to a reversible digital signal processing.
Abstract:
A switching member, that selects one of an optical path extending from the input port of a first group of optical waveguides (11 1 −11 m ) to the output port of the first group of optical waveguides (11 1 −11 m ) and an optical path extending from the input port of the first group of optical waveguides (11 1 −11 m ) to the output port of a second group of optical wageguides (12 1 −12 n ), is insertably disposed in a switching groove disposed at each of the intersections between the first group of optical waveguides (11 1 −11 m ) and the second group of optical waveguides (12 1 −12 n ), and each of switching grooves (a) is arranged on a virtual line formed by connecting points at which the first group of optical waveguides (11 1 −11 m ) cross the second group of optical waveguides (12 1 −12 n ).
Abstract:
A phase comparator circuit that compares the phases of random NRZ signals in a phase synchronizing circuit without losing greatly the synchronism when the same-sign data is inputted and has a phase conversion characteristic of high linearity when the phases are brought in synchronism. The function of preventing the phase synchronizing circuit from greatly losing synchronism is realized by using a phase comparator circuit of a circuit structure as shown by equations (1), (2), for example, a phase comparator circuit having the structure shown in Figure 11. Since the duty ratio of the pulse appearing at the output terminal (3) of a multiplier circuit (62) approaches 50% as the phases approach their synchronized state, the phase conversion characteristic does not distort, thereby realizing high linearity of the phase conversion characteristic when the phases are in synchronism.
Abstract:
This invention provides an optical waveguide which does not increase the circuit size, does not make difficult the circuit design and manufacturing, and can reduce insertion loss when light enters from a slab waveguide toward an arrayed waveguide or when the light enters from the arrayed waveguide toward the slab waveguide. This optical waveguide is provided with a slab waveguide 1 in which a grating GP or GA is formed, an arrayed waveguide 2 connected to a position where a constructive interference portion of a self-image of the grating GP or GA is formed, and a refractive index change region DV which is formed between the slab waveguide 1 and the arrayed waveguide 2, in which an average value of a refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially vertical to a light propagation direction is averagely increased from the slab waveguide 1 toward the arrayed waveguide 2, and in which an average value of the refractive index in a refractive index distribution in a direction substantially parallel to the light propagation direction is increased at a central axis of the arrayed waveguide 2.
Abstract:
Degradation in an optical characteristic attributed to thermal stress and mechanical external force is suppressed in an optical component that a part of a waveguide type optical device is fixed to a convex portion of a mount. First and second optical device support bases (301, 302), opposed to each other, are fixed to a second waveguide type optical device (202) at clearances away from a mount (210). First and second presser support bases (311, 312) are disposed on the mount (210), and are also opposed to each other. A presser member (313) is disposed on the first and second optical device support bases (301, 302), and is fixed by the first and second presser support bases (311, 312) at clearances away from the first and second optical device support bases (301, 302). The second waveguide type optical device (202) and the first and second optical device support bases (301, 302) are not fixed to the surrounding members thereof, and are slidable in a direction parallel to the surface of the mount (210).
Abstract:
An objective is to provide an integrated optical module which can avoid positional change and separation of a PLC chip when humidity changes. Provided is an integrated optical module characterized in that the integrated optical module includes: a PLC chip; a seat bonded and fixed to part of a lower surface of the PLC chip with an adhesive which is applied to an adhesion surface of the seat; and a support portion supporting the seat, in which a water-repellent treatment portion is provided by masking an upper portion of the support portion with a water-repellent material. The water-repellent treatment portion is provided only around the seat for a predetermined width. The water-repellent treatment portion is provided around the seat for a width of 100 µm or more.