摘要:
A digital transmission system having at least a client device and a transmission device and rate-adjusting a client signal transmitted from the client device to the transmission device as necessary, to accommodate/multiplex the signal in a frame, is provided. The transmission device has a rate adjusting unit and a framer processing unit. The rate adjusting unit encapsulates the client signal using a predetermined frame structure, and inserts an idle pattern, as necessary, to perform rate adjustment to a bit rate that can be accommodated in the frame. The framer processing unit accommodates/multiplexes the signal into the frame after the rate adjustment. The digital transmission system accommodates, or accommodates and multiplexes, a bit string of the client signal directly in a payload portion, accommodates, or accommodates and multiplexes, the bit string in the payload portion after subjecting it to a reversible digital signal processing.
摘要:
An optical transmission system for performing frequency synchronization even with a client signal with low frequency accuracy, and for transmitting thereof by accommodating/multiplexing without causing a bit slip. A new overhead is added to the entire client signal, and the signal including the new overhead being stuffed is transmitted in conjunction with a plurality of stuffing bits as an optical signal wherein a data storing bit for a negative stuffing, a stuffing information notification bit, and a stuff bits inserting bit for a positive stuffing in the payload are defined in plurality as stuffing bits for adjusting clock frequencies of the client signal in this new overhead.
摘要:
An optical modulator and an optical transmission system convert continuous light of a multiple wavelength light source, which generates the continuous light with a fixed and complete phase but different frequencies, to a modulator driving signal so as to generate a light subcarrier with each frequency at the center and modulate the continuous light to the light subcarrier by using the modulator driving signal. In the case where an optical modulation is carried out by an optical IQ-modulator, transmitting data, for example, is converted to two parallel data A(t) and B(t), an I phase signal, in which the data A(t)+B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a frequency É, and a Q phase signal, in which the data A(t)-B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a À/2 phase shifted, are generated, and the I phase signal and the Q phase signal are applied to electrodes of the optical IQ-modulator, respectively.
摘要:
Provided is a frequency offset estimation apparatus that appropriately estimates and compensates for a frequency offset of a received signal when estimating the frequency offset which is the difference between a carrier frequency of the received signal and the frequency of an output signal of a local oscillator. The frequency offset estimation apparatus converts the received signal sampled in advance with a predetermined sampling frequency into a frequency spectrum having N frequency components, limits a frequency band of negative frequency components from 1 to N /2 of the frequency spectrum and a frequency band of positive frequency components from N /2+1 to N of the frequency spectrum, calculates the sum of the squares of the positive frequency components of the frequency spectrum that have been subjected to frequency band limitation and the sum of the squares of the negative frequency components of the frequency spectrum that have been subjected to frequency band limitation to calculate power of the positive frequency components and power of the negative frequency components, and cyclically shifts all frequency components of the frequency spectrum in a frequency domain until the absolute value of a power difference between the power of the positive frequency components and the power of the negative frequency components is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, and estimates the frequency offset based on a shift amount until the absolute value is less than or equal to the threshold value.