摘要:
Novel genes have been isolated which encode cytochrome P450 and NADPH reductase enzyme of the φ-hydroxylase complex of C. tropicalis 20336. Vectors including these genes, transfected host cells and transformed host cells are provided. Methods of producing of cytochrome P450 and NADPH reductase enzymes are also provided which involve transforming a host cell with a gene encoding these enzymes and culturing the cells. Methods of increasing the production of a dicarboxylic acid and methods of increasing production of the aforementioned enzymes are also provided which involve increasing in the host cell the number of genes encoding these enzymes. A method for discriminating members of a gene family by quantifying the expression of genes is also provided.
摘要:
The blocking of the primary amine groups of Mannich base epoxy curing agents with a proton donor to prevent reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide and moisture and provide low temperature cure is accomplished by reacting a phenol-aldehyde with a polyamine or polyamine-epoxy adduct and further reacting with a proton donor.
摘要:
Sulfur and soap contaminants are removed from carboxylic acid esters by a process comprising the steps of: (1) contacting a carboxylic acid ester with an aqueous base at a temperature of from about 225 °F to about 280 °F while removing water to form a dry, crude ester; (2) contacting the dry, crude ester with an absorbent selected from the group consisting of silica gel, hydro-silica gel and mixtures thereof; (3) separating the absorbent from the ester.
摘要:
Compositions useful as adjuvants for agricultural chemical formalutions are comprised of a lower alkanol ester of a fatty acid and an emulsifier package. The emulsifier package is comprised of a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated castor oil, an alkoxylated castor oil, an ethylene-propylene block copolymer, and ethoxylated-propoxylated alkyl phenol, an ethoxylated sorbitan fatty acid ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester and an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated partial phosphate ester, alkyl sulfate, and alkyl ether sulfate, a branched alkyl benzene sulfonate, a linear alkyl benzene sulfonate and an alpha olefin sulfonate. The adjuvants exhibit particularly good electrolyte tolerance and are stable to hard water when used in combination with fertilizers.
摘要:
An adjuvant containing: (a) a fatty alcohol polyalkoxy alkyl ether; and (b) a component selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, alkyl esters, phytobland mineral oils, water soluble silicone surfactants, fatty acid dialkyl ethers, fatty acid dialkyl carbonates, vegetable oils, and mixtures thereof.
摘要:
Biooxidation reactions can be controlled by a method which comprises the steps of: (1) independently adding a substrate and a co-substrate at predetermined rates to a bioxidation reaction mixture comprised of a biocatalyst; (2) measuring the oxygen consumption rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate from the reaction mixture; (3) determining the instantaneous rates of substrate and cosubstrate consumption by solving simultaneous equations relating carbon dioxide evolution rate and oxygen consumption rate to the substrate oxidation stoichiometry, the cosubstrate combustion stoichiometry, and optionally the biomass formation stoichiometry; (4) simultaneously adjusting the substrate and cosubstrate addition rates to the rates of substrate oxidation and cosubstrate consumption in order to maximize the rate of product formation while simultaneously minimizing the rate of cosubstrate usage. The method provides a rapid means of controlling fed-batch biooxidation reactions which can employ in-line techniques and is broadly applicable for diverse oxidation reactions.
摘要:
A shock absorber is comprised of a cylinder defining a chamber therein, the cylinder containing a fluid; a piston rod sealingly projecting into the cylinder and being axially displaceable with respect to the cylinder; a piston being attached to the piston rod, the piston being slidably disposed within the cylinder to sealingly divide the cylinder into first and second chambers; means for permitting fluid communication between the first and second chambers; the means for permitting fluid communication being disposed in at least a portion of the piston. The fluid is comprised of a polyol ester the polyol component of which is a hindered polyol and the carboxylic acid component is a mono-carboxylic acid having from about 5 to about 18 carbon atoms.
摘要:
A radiation-curable composition is comprised of the reaction product of an amine-terminated (poly)aminoamide and a mono-(meth)acrylate or a poly-(meth)acrylate. The radiation-curable composition is a liquid at room temperature and does not undergo substantial volume contraction upon curing and exhibit excellent adhesion to porous and non porous substrates alike.