摘要:
The invention relates to a device for evaporating at least one of the following reactants: a) a reducing agent precursor solution and b) a reducing agent precursor. The device comprises at least one electrically heatable heating zone (2) and is characterized in that said heating zone (2) has at least one electrically operable heating element (3) with a heating resistor (4) that is self-regulated by a significant temperature (30). The method and the device (1) according to the invention for evaporating a reactant allow a simple control of the evaporation process especially of a urea/water solution to provide a reducing agent especially in an SCR process. The heating resistors (3) used have a significant temperature (30) that corresponds to the control temperature of the heating resistor. The need for additional control electronics can be removed by adjusting a correspondingly steep curve (22) in this range.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven structure (1) comprising metal wire filaments (2) by carrying out the following steps: a) producing a layer (3) comprising wire filaments (2); establishing first integral joints (4) between at least a part of the metal wire filaments (2) using a first joining method; c) establishing second integral joints (5) between metal wire filaments (2) using a second joining method. The invention also relates to corresponding nonwoven structures and to possible uses thereof, for example in the exhaust gas treatment of motor vehicles.
摘要:
The invention concerns a honeycomb (1) with inner walls (2, 3), which define channels (4) which lead from an inlet face (5) to an outlet face (6) of the honeycomb (1), at least one section of the honeycomb (1) containing a plurality of cavities (9) without inner walls (2, 3), which are shaped and dimensioned such that they each contain a spherical free space (10), the largest cross-sectional surface (Qmax) of which is at least 10 times the average cross-sectional surface (q) of the channels (4) in the section concerned (T). The honeycomb (1) can, more particularly, be wound, spooled and/or layered from at least one piece of sheet metal (2, 3) and comprises a plurality of at least partially structured sheet metal layers (3), the structuring of which forms the channels (4), the sheet metal layers (2, 3) in at least one section of the honeycomb (1) having holes (7, 8) with an actual cross-sectional surface that is greater than 10 times the average cross-sectional surface (q) of the channels (4) in the section concerned, the holes (7, 8) being arranged and formed such that together with holes (7, 8) in adjacent sheet metal layers (2, 3) they form in the honeycomb (1) continuous, spacious cavities (9), in which holes in at least five successive sheet metal layers (2, 3) overlap, the overlapping faces of the holes concerned (7, 8) in all five sheet metal layers (2, 3) being at least 10 times the average cross-sectional surface (q) of the channels (4) in the section (T) and the extension of the holes (7, 8) in the flow direction (S) being at least twice, preferably more than three times, the average hydraulic diameter of the channels (4) opening out into the cavities. This type of honeycomb has particularly favourable properties when used in the exhaust gas purification systems of motor vehicles, in particular when used as particle filter.
摘要:
The invention concerns a method for eliminating particles (21) contained in a gas stream (22) with a gas-permeable filtering layer (23), having in the direction of the layer thickness (12), sectional regions (10) with a parameter of different values. Said parameter concerns at least the porosity (7), the diameter (8) of the fibers (4) or the proportion of fibers of the filtering layer (23). The method is characterized in that the gas stream (22) is distributed into sectional gas streams (24), which are guided, in each case, through different sectional regions (10) of the filtering layer (23). The invention also concerns fibrous layers, particulate filters, exhaust gas systems and vehicles based on said method.
摘要:
The invention relates to a particle filter (1) consisting of an envelope (2) and at least one body (3) comprising at least one metallic fibrous layer (4) that is arranged in such a way that a plurality of spatially separated flow paths (5) are formed through the body (3), said flow paths respectively comprising a flow restrictor (6) at at least one point. The inventive particle filter is characterised in that the at least one metallic fibrous layer (4) has a superficial heat capacity of between 400 and 1200 joules per Kelvin and square metre [J/Km2], providing the particle filter with an especially high particle storage capacity and regeneration capacity.
摘要:
The device (1) has an adsorber (2) with a volume, V, through which an exhaust gas can flow. The volume can be calculated using an equation and the average values for the mass flow and temperature of the exhaust gas. The volume corresponds to the equation V = a + bt + c/m + dt 2> + e/(m 2>) + ft/m + gt 3> + h/(m 3>) + it/(m 2>) + kt 2>/m, where t is the average exhaust gas temperature, m is the average exhaust gas mass flow, a = 0.1660393, b = 0.0033635701, c = -1.7023186, d = 6.5277225 X 10 -> 6>, e = 195.657, f = -0.1373556, g = -9.0343024 X 10 -> 9>, h = -1273.9098, i = 1.0172767 and k = -1.442512 X 10 -> 5>.
摘要:
The invention relates to a honeycomb body (1) comprising gas-permeable channels (2). The inner cross-section and number of said channels define a specific geometric surface area (GSA) of the honeycomb body, and they are at least partially separated from one another by separating walls (3). The material and thickness of said walls define a specific heat capacity with regard to the geometric unit area. The honeycomb body comprises an adsorption material provided especially for the adsorption of hydrocarbons. The specific geometric surface area (GSA) of the honeycomb body (1) is greater or equal to 37.5 m K/J [meter Kelvin/joule], preferably greater or equal to 40, especially greater than 60, said geometric surface area being divided by the specific heat capacity (cp) with regard to the area, measured at room temperature without adsorption material and eventual other coatings. The honeycomb body (1) can additionally comprise a catalytically active coating which works in an at least oxidative manner. The honeycomb body is preferably constructed of sheet metal layers having a thickness of less than or equal to 40 νm with more than 450 cpsi, especially more than 540 cpsi. This dimensioning of a hydrocarbon trap can be used for the purification of motor vehicle exhaust gases in order to reduce the emission of pollutants during the cold-start phase.
摘要:
The invention relates to an arrangement for purifying an exhaust gas stream of a combustion engine (1). The device contains a first water trap (5), an electrically heatable honeycomb (7) and a honeycomb (8) with a catalytic active coating, said coating promoting oxidation, which are successively arranged in a flow direction (S) of the exhaust gas. The electrically heatable honeycomb (7) and the honeycomb (8) with a catalytic active coating can completely or partially form a component. Such an assembly can be connected as a small supplemental system behind a lambda-probe equipped catalytic converter in order to guarantee exhaust gas purification during the cold-start phase. The supplemental system, with a larger dimension, can assume the entire exhaust gas purification. The dry honeycomb (7) which can be electrically heated by the water trap located upstream quickly reaches the temperature ranging from only 70 to 90 °C which is necessary for a catalytic conversion and, in addition, requires less electric energy than conventional systems. The arrangement enables the reduction of pollutants in exhaust gases of motor vehicles to extremely low amounts.