摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst bed system comprising a horizontal catalyst bed as a mixture of catalytic material and a first inert material for use in an adiabatic non-oxidative dehydrogenation process, wherein opt. a reduction gas is fed for reducing the catalytic material, a heat stream having a first temperature T1 for heating and/or regenerating the catalytic material is fed, a hydrocarbon stream having a second temperature T2 is fed, wherein T1 > T2. This system is characterized by a layer of a second inert material being arranged upstream of the catalyst bed, wherein the thickness D of the layer of the second inert material and/or the second inert material is chosen such that an almost constant temperature T3 at the interface of the second inert material and the catalyst bed is obtained being T1 > T3 > T2. The present invention relates also to a dehydrogenation process using this catalyst bed system.
摘要:
A vessel comprising a bed of randomly oriented ceramic media having fluid distribution channels incorporated in the outer surface of the media is disclosed. The channels capture and redirect the fluid thereby improving distribution of the fluid in the vessel.
摘要:
The fixed-bed reactor of the present invention which solves the above problems is a fixed-bed reactor comprising: a first catalyst layer filled with a first catalyst for producing acrolein from propylene; a second catalyst layer filled with a second catalyst for producing acrylic acid from acrolein; and an inert substance layer provided between the first catalyst layer and the second catalyst layer, and filled with an inert substance of a cylindrical shape having a surrounding wall in which an opening is formed. The process for producing acrylic acid of the present invention is a process for producing acrylic acid comprising the step of producing acrylic acid from propylene by using the fixed-bed reactor of the present invention. According to the present invention, since the inert substance of a cylindrical shape having a surrounding wall in which an opening is formed is used as an inert substance, increase of a pressure loss can be drastically suppressed, degradation of the catalyst due to by-produced high-boiling substances and the like can be suppressed, and further the yield of acrylic acid can be enhanced, as compared with the case of using conventional inert substances. Accordingly, it is possible to produce acrylic acid at a high yield stably for a long period.
摘要:
Improved design of a catalytic method and reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions whereby methanol as it is formed is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalyst. This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point or temperature of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place for the most at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and if at all within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
摘要:
La présente invention concerne une enceinte dans laquelle s'effectue une réaction chimique en présence de catalyseur et de réactifs, comportant au moins un tube catalytique (10) dans lequel est disposé un tube interne d'évacuation (12) du gaz produit, des moyens d'introduction des réactifs (15) et des moyens d'introduction du catalyseur (16) situés dans la partie supérieure de l'enceinte (1), des moyens de chauffage du tube catalytique (10) disposés dans la partie inférieure de l'enceinte (1), et dans laquelle le tube catalytique (10) comporte dans sa partie supérieure au dessus du catalyseur (13) des moyens favorisant l'échange de chaleur entre les réactifs et le gaz produit. L'invention concerne également le procédé mettant en oeuvre cette enceinte.
摘要:
The invention concerns methods and systems for minimizing back-mixing of feedstock flow in converting oxygenates to olefins. In one embodiment, back- mixing is reduced by providing a reactor that includes baffles to reduce the hydraulic diameter of at least a portion of the reactor. Some or all of the baffles can also serve as cooling tubes for reducing temperature gradients in the reactor, and thereby maximize light olefin production.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for vaporizing liquid fuels (O), which comprises the following steps: a) providing a reactor (8) with means (1) disposed therein for increasing the inner surface, b) supplying liquid fuel (O) and oxygen-containing gas (L) to the reactor (8), c) carrying out an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing gas (L) and the vaporizing liquid fuel (O), the liquid fuel (O) being only partially oxidized, and d) removing the product formed during exothermic reaction from the reactor (8).
摘要:
A method of converting a reactor having inlet and outlet ports and a manhole from axial flow to axial/radial or radial flow is described comprising introducing through said manhole perforate catalyst restraining means and attaching said catalyst restraining means to one of said ports so as to define an enclosure extending from said port for part of the length of the reactor, charging to said reactor a particulate catalyst material so as to build up a catalyst bed around said catalyst restraining means, with, for at least a major part of the height of said bed, a region between the exterior surface of said bed and the interior walls of the reactor, and charging to said region a particulate material that presents less resistance to flow than said catalyst.