摘要:
In an embodiment, a method of producing carbonate can comprise: reacting a feed comprising carbon monoxide and chlorine in a tube of a reactor to produce a product composition comprising phosgene, wherein the tube has a particulate catalyst contained therein, wherein a thermally conductive material separate from the tube contacts at least a portion of the particulate catalyst, and wherein carbon tetrachloride is present in the product composition in an amount of 0 to 10 ppm by volume based on the volume of the phosgene; and reacting a monohydroxy compound with the phosgene to produce the carbonate.
摘要:
In a process for the preparation of methanol in parallel reactors, comprising the steps of (a) reacting carbon oxides and hydrogen in the presence of a methanol catalyst in a first methanol reactor to obtain a first methanol-containing effluent, (b) introducing and reacting unconverted synthesis gas in a second methanol reactor in the presence of a methanol catalyst to obtain a second methanol-containing effluent, the first methanol reactor and the second methanol reactor being connected in parallel, (c) combining the first and second effluent, and (d) cooling and separating the combined and cooled effluent into a methanol-containing liquid phase and unconverted synthesis gas, the methanol catalyst in the first methanol reactor is indirectly cooled by boiling water and the methanol catalyst in the second methanol reactor is either directly or indirectly cooled by the unconverted synthesis gas prior to conversion into the second effluent.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for separating a liquid reaction product from a gaseous stream in a catalytic reactor by means of a metallic sheet being indirectly cooled by a cooling surface and having a plurality of percolations in form of geometric-shaped protrusions on both sides of the sheet each with an open base, the open base is on the side of the sheet facing a catalyst bed are arranged upwards and on the side facing the cooling surface the open base faces downwards.
摘要:
An upflow reactor (10) for the production of bisphenol A from acetone and phenol includes a vessel (14), a catalyst bed (12) disposed within the vessel (14), and a reactant distribution/product collection system disposed within the vessel (14). The reactant distribution/product collection system includes a perforated distributor (20) disposed at a lower end of the reactor (10). The reactant distribution/product collection system further includes a perforated collector (40) disposed at an upper end of the reactor (10). A method for producing bisphenol A from acetone and phenol includes introducing the reacting mixture containing acetone and phenol to the distributor (20), directing it upward through the catalyst bed (12), and recovering the reacted acetone and phenol as bisphenol A together with other isomers and non reacted species. A method for avoiding catalyst bead carryover from the bed (12) in an upflow reactor includes receiving a product of the upflow reactor (10) into the collector (40) disposed at an upper end of the reactor (10) through a screen (47) with proper slit size.
摘要:
The invention relates to a backup column for a heat and/or material exchange between a liquid phase and a flowing gaseous phase in the counter flow thereto, wherein the backup column (1) comprises at least two sections (2a-2c) with a first layer (3a) having a high specific surface and a lower throughput capacity and a second layer (3b) arranged on top with a lower specific surface and a higher throughput capacity. According to the invention, the first layer (3a) of the sections (2a-2c) of the backup column (1) is designed for forming a backup zone and thus a spouting bed with pourable first fillers (4) with a high specific surface and a low throughput capacity and the second layer (3b) of said sections (2a-2c) is designed for forming a separating zone for the liquid phase with pourable second fillers (5) comprising a lower specific surface and a higher throughput capacity compared to the first fillers (4) of the first layer (3a).
摘要:
Process for preparing an ethylamine by reacting ethanol with ammonia, a primary amine or a secondary amine in the presence of hydrogen and a heterogeneous catalyst, in which a biochemically prepared ethanol (bioethanol) in which the concentration of sulfur and/or sulfur-containing compounds has been reduced beforehand by bringing it into contact with an adsorbent is used.
摘要:
Process for the catalytic dehydrogenation of diethylbenzene or C3 alkyl aromatic in which a fecdstock containing the alkyl aromatic and steam is supplied into the inlet of a tubular reactor containing a dehydrogenation catalyst. Within the reactor, the feedstock flows through at least a portion of the reactor along a spiral flow path extending longitudinally of the reactor. The resulting vinyl aromatic product is then recovered from a downstream or outlet section of the reactor. At least a portion of the spiral flow path contains a particulate dehydrogenation catalyst. The spiral flow path may extend throughout a major portion of the elongated tubular reactor and may contain a particulate dehydrogenation catalyst in a substantial portion there.
摘要:
A system for treatment of one or more flowing materials includes a support bed (32) comprising a plurality of support elements (34). The support bed may have a void fraction of at least 45%. An active bed (36), such as a bed of catalytic elements, may be supported by the support bed. The void fraction of the support bed may be larger than that of an equivalent bed of conventional, spherical elements, enabling significant improvements in the flow rate of reactants through the bed and/or a reduced pressure drop across the support bed.
摘要:
A method for forming packing for resin catalytic packed beds (12), comprising: providing elastic means (1) which are capable of compressing under the pressure applied by resin particles (11) which expand upon contact with a specific work substance, and have characteristics of elasticity and resiliency which are adapted for the expansion factor of the resin; preparing a packing constituted by a mixture of particles (11) of resin and of elastic means (1), mixed in proportions which are selected as a function of the degree of expansion; and loading the packing (5) so as to constitute an elastic catalytic packed bed (12) which is adapted to remain dimensionally stable following the expansion of the resin particles (11) and allow an easy flow of the substance through the catalytic packed bed (12). The packing thus formed comprises a mixture (5) of particles of resin, which can expand upon contact with a specific work substance and elastic means (1) adapted to compress under the pressure applied by the expanding particles and is constituted by proportions of particles (11) and elastic means (1) which are selected as a function of the resin expansion factor.