摘要:
Process for preparing melamine from urea at elevated temperature and in the presence of a catalyst, in which a gaseous product stream is obtained which is contacted with a liquid coolant in a cooling zone and that the temperature in the scrubbing section is lowered by applying an extra cooling step.
摘要:
A method for separating a reaction product and an imide catalyst of the general formula (1) or a degenerate thereof from a reaction mixture obtained by a reaction with the imide catalyst, which comprises extracting the reaction mixture with two organic solvents which are separable from each other to thereby distribute the reaction product and the catalyst or the degenerate to the two organic solvent layers respectively: (1) [wherein R?1 and R2¿ are each hydrogen, alkyl, or the like, or alternatively R?1 and R2¿ may be united to form a double bond, or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; and X is oxygen or hydroxyl]. According to this method, an imide catalyst such as N-hydroxyphthalimide and/or a degenerate thereof and a reaction product can be efficiently separated by easy operation from a reaction mixture obtained by using the imide catalyst and a substrate of hydrocarbon or the like.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for producing aminodihalophosphines, diaminohalophosphines, triaminophosphines, phosphite diamides, aminophosphines, diaminophosphines, phosphite amide halogenides, and aminophosphine halogenides by separating an acid in the presence of an auxiliary base. Said auxiliary base b) forms a salt with an acid, which is liquid at temperatures at which the valuable product is not significantly decomposed during separation of the liquid salt, and c) the salt of the auxiliary base and the valuable product or the solution of the valuable product form two immiscible phases in a suitable solvent.
摘要:
A method of reacting a first compound to produce a second compound includes the step of contacting a first non-fluorous phase including the first compound with a first fluorous phase at a first phase interface. The first compound distributes between the first fluorous phase and the first non-fluorous phase. The method further includes the steps of contacting the first fluorous phase with a second non-fluorous phase at a second phase interface and including at least a third compound in the second non-fluorous phase that reacts with the first compound to produce the second compound. The second compound has a distribution coefficient less than the first compound. This method can, for example be used to separate the second compound from unreacted first compound wherein, for example, the first compound is of a fluorous nature and distributes more readily into (or transports more quickly through) the fluorous phase than does the second compound. In general, the fluorous phase serves as a barrier to prevent the two non-fluorous phases from mixing, but molecules that can migrate through the fluorous phase can pass from one side to the other.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a method for inhibiting the premature polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising adding to said monomers an effective amount of an inhibitor having structural formula (I) wherein R1 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and heteroatom-substituted alkyl and R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and heteroatom-substituted alkyl and the portion (II) represents the atoms necessary to form a five-, or six-,seven-membered heterocyclic ring, at least one of said atoms being a carbon atom substituted with a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group.
摘要:
The invention concerns a novel method for preparing a composition for internal dehydration of a hydrogenated sugar, characterized in that it comprises: a) a step which consists in distillation of a medium containing said internal dehydration product to obtain a distillate enriched with said product; b) optionally at least a subsequent step which consists in purifying the resulting distillate; c) a subsequent step which consists in bringing said distillate obtained at step a), optionally subjected to step b), in the presence of an agent capable of enhancing the stability of the internal dehydration product contained for the major part in the distillate, said agent not being in gaseous form; d) optionally a subsequent step which consists in forming the resulting composition for internal dehydration of a hydrogenated sugar. Said method enables in particular to obtain a stable isosorbide composition, characterized by its purity and/or its content of certain species, whether stabilizing or not.
摘要:
A distillation procedure is provided for the separation of impurities from organic materials such as glycols and glycol ethers whereby a liquid stripping component is interfaced into a distillation column with or below the organic material introduction, heat being provided by a reboiler, the stripping component and impurities being removed overhead.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for rapidly cooling a hot gas mixture containing (meth)acrylic acid, by means of a direct cooling process using a cooling liquid in a spray cooler, the atomisation of the cooling liquid in the spray cooler being carried out by an impact atomiser.