摘要:
Apparatus and method are disclosed for plasma synthesis of graphitic products including graphene. A plasma nozzle is coupled to a reaction chamber. A process gas is supplied to the plasma nozzle, the process gas comprising a carbon-containing species. Radio frequency radiation is supplied to the process gas within the plasma nozzle, so as to produce a plasma within the nozzle in use, and thereby cause cracking of the carbon-containing species. The plasma nozzle is arranged such that an afterglow of the plasma extends into the reaction chamber. The cracked carbon-containing species also passes into the reaction chamber, and the cracked carbon-containing species recombines within the afterglow, so as to form the graphitic products including graphene.
摘要:
Apparatus and method are disclosed for plasma synthesis of graphitic products including graphene. A plasma nozzle is coupled to a reaction chamber. A process gas is supplied to the plasma nozzle, the process gas comprising a carbon-containing species. Radio frequency radiation is supplied to the process gas within the plasma nozzle, so as to produce a plasma within the nozzle in use, and thereby cause cracking of the carbon-containing species. The plasma nozzle is arranged such that an afterglow of the plasma extends into the reaction chamber. The cracked carbon-containing species also passes into the reaction chamber, and the cracked carbon-containing species recombines within the afterglow, so as to form the graphitic products including graphene.
摘要:
A floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition method for producing nanotubes, the method including: supplying a nanotube-material precursor and a catalyst precursor, heating said precursors and injecting said precursors into a heated reaction chamber containing a process gas; pyrolysing the catalyst precursor within the reaction chamber to produce catalyst particles; and pyrolysing the nanotube-material precursor within the reaction chamber in the presence of the catalyst particles in order to produce nanotubes; wherein the method further comprises controlling the size of the catalyst particles at the point of pyrolysis of the nanotube-material precursor by controlling the operational parameters of the reaction chamber and/or of the precursor supplies. A corresponding system for producing nanotubes is also provided. Further provided is an injector subsystem for attachment to a reaction chamber, the injector subsystem comprising: a first portion having a first set of injection pipes for receiving species for delivery into the reaction chamber; and an interface portion that is removably attachable between the first portion and the reaction chamber in use, the interface portion comprising at least one injection pipe arranged to receive the species provided by the first set of injection pipes and to inject said species into the reaction chamber in use;the injector subsystem being operable in use such that, with the interface portion removed, said first set of injection pipes are operable to individually inject their respective species into the reaction chamber, and with the interface portion attached, a pre-mixing chamber is defined by the interface portion in combination with the first portion, for pre-mixing the species provided by the first set of injection pipes prior to the species entering the at least one injection pipe of the interface portion.
摘要:
Apparatus 12 for plasma synthesis of carbon nanotubes comprises: a plasma nozzle coupled to a reaction tube or chamber 7; and means 5 for supplying a process gas to the plasma nozzle 11, which gas comprises a carbon-containing species. Also provided are means for supplying radio frequency radiation to the process gas within the plasma nozzle in order to cause cracking of the carbon containing species, and also means for providing a catalyst. The plasma nozzle is arranged such that an afterglow of the plasma extends into the reaction tube/chamber. The cracked carbon-containing species pass into the reaction tube/chamber, and recombine within the afterglow so as to form carbon nanotubes in the presence of the catalyst. Preferably, the plasma nozzle is shaped so as to cause, in use, three vortices to be formed in the process gas within the nozzle (see figure 2). The reaction tube/chamber may be cylindrical with curved side walls and an opening 9 for the carbon nanotubes to exit through, and may have means cooling the afterglow.
摘要:
An electrically conductive composite material includes carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets within a polymer matrix. The carbon nanotubes have an average length greater than 10 μm. The graphene nanoplatelets form in the range of 0.005 wt. % to 0.06 wt. % of the composite material. Also provided is a mixture having such a composition, an article comprising such a composite material, and a composite production method.