摘要:
An electrical power system protection device has a main circuit including a circuit breaker 1 and a switch 2 connected in series to the circuit breaker 1, the main circuit being connected to a power line 115. The protection device also has a current limiting element 4 connected in parallel to the circuit breaker 1. When the level of electrical current flowing in the power line 115, detected by a current detector 7, has exceeded a predetermined first set level, a first over-current detector 8 delivers immediately a trip command to the circuit breaker. AS a consequence, any fault current such as a short-circuit current is commutated to the current limiting element 4 so as to be limited, whereby any drop of voltage in the power line upstream of the circuit breaker is greatly suppressed. When a state in which a predetermined second set level is exceeded by the detected current level is continued beyond a predetermined period, a second over-current detector 9 delivers an off command to the switch 2, thus protecting upstream portion of the power line against the fault in this power line 115. Preferably, the current level after the limitation is set to fall within a range of current which activates a momentary element of an over-current relay (OCR) 127 of a receiving end breaker 122 of a downstream sub-system, e.g., a consumer's sub-system 120, connected to the power line 115. In the event of a fail;ure in the downstream power line 120, the receiving end breaker 115 is tripped without delay so that the sound portion of the power line is reset to normal state of operation, thus achieving a harmonized protection of the electrical power system.
摘要:
A hot water boiling apparatus includes a hot water tank (11) filled with water. A water supply pipe (14) and a hot water supply pipe (17) are connected to the bottom and top of the tank, respectively. A bubble pump unit (20) is arranged in parallel with the tank. The pump unit includes a body (27) having a boiling chamber (67), electric heaters (24a, 24b) for heating the water in the chamber, a first connecting pipe (30) for guiding water from the tank to the body, a guide pipe (36) for feeding the water, guided through the first connecting pipe, into the boiling chamber, and a second connecting pipe (33) for guiding the water heated in the boiling chamber into the upper portion in the tank. The guiding pipe is arranged so that heat is exchanged between the water in the boiling chamber and the water flowing through the guide pipe.
摘要:
A power system stabilizer is provided at an individual power system to be separated due to an accident cutting off a link line which interconnects a numoer of power systems to form a large-scale power system. Said power systems inc!ude oower stations such as power plants and transformer substations. A simplified arithmetic processing unit of the stabilizer performs an arithmetic processing by a simple linear equation using an output frequency of a representative power station belonging to the separated power system immediately after the accident has been cleared, so that a total load drop of the separated power system can be assumed. Based on the assumption amount, balance control of demand and supply in the separated system is made.
摘要:
A lightning arrester insulator in which a voltage non-linear resistor 2 having a major constituent of zinc oxide is integrally fixed in a longitudinal bore in the insulator 1 by a layer 3 of an inorganic adhesive agent which is interposed between an outer surface of the resistor and an inner wall surface of the insulator defining the longitudinal bore. A contact angle 0 of the adhesive agent layer defined by each and face thereof and an associated end part of the inner wall surface is held within a range of 10 to 60 degrees. To establish the contact angle, at least one of the end face of the adhesive agent layer and the associated end part of the inner wall surface of the insulator is inclined with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the longitudinal bore. Each end surface of the voltage non-linear resistor is spaced from the corresponding end of the adhesive agent layer axially inwardly along the longitudinal centerline of the longitudinal bore.
摘要:
A hot water boiling apparatus includes a hot water storage tank (11). The storage tank has an inner tank (12) storing water therein, an outer tank (13) surrounding the inner trank, and a vacuum heat insulation layer (14) defined between the inner and outer tanks and surrounding the inner tank. A water flow type heating unit (22) is arranged outside the storage tank and used for drawing water from the inner tank through a water supply port (15) formed at the bottom of the inner tank and, after heating the water, supplying it into the inner tank through a hot water supply port (18) formed at the top of the inner tank. The unit includes a connecting pipe (30, 33) one end of which is liquid tightly connected to the water supply port and passes through the outer tank in airtight fashion, and the other end of which is liquid tightly connected to the hot water supply port and passes through the outer tank in airtight fashion.
摘要:
A power system stabilizer is provided at an individual power system to be separated due to an accident cutting off a link line which interconnects a numoer of power systems to form a large-scale power system. Said power systems inc!ude oower stations such as power plants and transformer substations. A simplified arithmetic processing unit of the stabilizer performs an arithmetic processing by a simple linear equation using an output frequency of a representative power station belonging to the separated power system immediately after the accident has been cleared, so that a total load drop of the separated power system can be assumed. Based on the assumption amount, balance control of demand and supply in the separated system is made.
摘要:
A porous ceramic laminate has a porous silicon nitride substrate and a porous silicon nitride separation film supported thereon and having minute pores of sizes capable of Knudsen separation or molecular sieve by sintering a porous silicon nitride substrate supporting a formed layer containing polysilazane at 800°C in a nitrogen atmosphere.