摘要:
The invention concerns the production of 3-pentenic acid esters by carbonylation of alkoxybutenes in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent at high temperature and pressure: at least one C1-C10 alkoxybutene, in which the alkoxy group is in the allyl position relative to the double bond, is converted with carbon monoxide at a temperature in the 60-140 °C range and a carbon monoxide partial pressure in the 3-30 MPa range, in the presence of a palladium-based catalyst.
摘要:
Polymers are obtained by polymerising olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a catalyst system that contains as active elements (a) a salt of a metal of group VIIIB of the periodic system; (b) one or several compounds selected in the group of protonic acids and Lewis acids; (c) a chelated compound having the general formula (I) R?1R2E1-Z-E2R3R4¿, in which the substituents and indexes have the following meanings: E1, E2 stand for an element of group VA of the periodic system; Z stands for a bridging structural unit made of one, two or three substructural units of elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA of the periodic system; R1 to R4 stand for substituents selected in the group of C¿1?-C20 organic carbon and C3-C30 organic silicium residues that may contain one or several elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA and VIIA of the periodic system.
摘要:
A methyl formiate continuous production process is disclosed. Carbon monoxide and methanol are reacted under an increased pressure and at a high temperature in the presence of an alkaline metal methylate. The reaction is carried out under a pressure from 210 to 250 bar in the presence of 0.05 to 0.2 % by weight of an alkaline metal methylate in relation to the methanol used.
摘要:
Polymers are obtained by polymerising olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a metal complex having the general formula (I), in which the substituents and indexes have the following meanings: M is a metal of group VIIIB of the periodic table of elements; E1, E2 stand for an element of group VA of the periodic table of elements; Z is a bridging structural unit made of one, two or three substructural units of elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA of the periodic table of elements; R1 to R4 stand for substituents selected in the group that consists of C¿1?-C20 organic carbon residues and C3-C30 organic silicium residues which may contain one or several elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA and VIIA of the periodic table of elements; L?1, L2¿ stand for formally charged or neutral ligands; X stands for monovalent or polyvalent anions; p equals 0, 1 or 2; m, n equal 0, 1 or 2, whereas p = m x n.
摘要:
Catalyst systems suitable for preparing polyketones consist of: (a) a compound of a metal of the 8th sub-group of the periodic system; (b) a protonic acid and a Lewis acid; and (c) a biphosphine having general formula (I), in which R?1 and R3¿ stand for cycloaliphatic or branched aliphatic residues and R?2 and R4¿ also stand for such residues or for non-branched aliphatic residues, whereas the C atoms in the residues R1-R4 may be substituted by heteroatoms.
摘要:
Polymers are obtained by polymerising olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a metal complex having the general formula (I), in which the substituents and indexes have the following meanings: M is a metal of group VIIIB of the periodic table of elements; E1, E2 stand for an element of group VA of the periodic table of elements; Z is a bridging structural unit made of one, two or three substructural units of elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA of the periodic table of elements; R1 to R4 stand for substituents selected in the group that consists of C¿1?-C20 organic carbon residues and C3-C30 organic silicium residues which may contain one or several elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA and VIIA of the periodic table of elements; L?1, L2¿ stand for formally charged or neutral ligands; X stands for monovalent or polyvalent anions; p equals 0, 1 or 2; m, n equal 0, 1 or 2, whereas p = m x n.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for preparing mixtures of mixed-alkylated methylolated 4,5-dihydroxy-imidazolidin-2-ones by reacting methylolated 4,5-dihydroxy-imidazolidin-2-one (DMDHEU) with a monovalent C1-5-alcohol and a polyol selected in the group which comprises ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerin and polyethylene glycols of formula HO(CH2CH2O)nH, in which 3≤n≤20. The monovalent C1-5-alcohol and the polyol are used in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 molar equivalents each, with respect to DMDHEU, and the reaction is carried out at temperatures from 20 °C to 70 °C at a pH value from 1 to 2.5, the pH value being set at 4 to 8 after the reaction.
摘要:
A methyl formiate continuous production process is disclosed. Carbon monoxide and methanol are reacted under an increased pressure and at a high temperature in the presence of an alkaline metal methylate. The reaction is carried out under a pressure from 210 to 250 bar in the presence of 0.05 to 0.2 % by weight of an alkaline metal methylate in relation to the methanol used.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing carboxylic acids or their esters from olefins and carbon monoxide in the presence of water or alcohols at temperatures of between 100 and 270 °C and pressure of between 30 and 100 bar. Said method is characterized in that as halogen-free catalyst system it uses a mixture of a) nickel or a nickel compound; b) at least one of the metals of a group including chromium, molybdenum, wolfram, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver and gold, or a compound of these metals; c) at least one non-metallic compound from the group of tertiary or quaternary nitrogen, phosphorus or arsenic compounds and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds.