Abstract:
Production of perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimides of general formula (I), where R = C1-C30 alkyl, the carbon chain of which may be interrupted by one or several -O- groups and/or is substituted with C5-C8 cycloalkyl, which can be mono- or multiply-substituted by C1-C6 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl, which can each be mono- or multiply-substituted with C1-C18 alkyl and/or C1-C6 alkoxy, and mono- or multiply-substituted by -OCOR1, -N(R1)2, -SO2NH2, -SO2N(R1)2, -CON(R1)2 and/or -COOR1; C5-C8 cycloalkyl, the carbon skeleton of which may be interrupted by one or more -O-, -S- and/or -NR2- groups and/or mono- or multiply-substituted with C1-C6 alkyl; phenyl, phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl, which may be mono- or multiply-substituted with C1-C18 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, phenylazo, naphthylazo, pyridylazo, pyrimidylazo, cyano, -N(R1)2, -CON(R1)2 and/ or -COOR1; R1 = C1-C6 alkyl, C5-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl; R2 = C1-C6 alkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6 alkyl, by dimerisation of a naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide of formula (II), whereby the dimerisation is carried out in a reaction medium essentially comprising a non-polar aprotic organic solvent and a base comprising an alkali metal and the leuco form of the perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide precipitating as the alkali metal salt then reoxidised in the presence of a polar solvent. The invention also relates to the production of perylen-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid anhydride and naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximides.
Abstract:
Disclosed is the use of luster pigments based on lamellar metallic substrates, which are coated with a dielectric layer that has a low refractive index and does not absorb visible light, for pigmenting high molecular weight materials.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing the quaterrylene-3,4:13,14-tetracarboxy diimides of general formula (I), wherein R, R' independently represent hydrogen or optionally substituted C1-C30 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl or aryl or hetaryl. The inventive method is characterized by reacting the perylene-3,4-dicarboximide of the general formula (IIa) in the presence of a base resistant, high-boiling, organic solvent and an alkali-containing or alkaline earth-containing base with the perylene-3,4-dicarboximide of the general formula (IIb), wherein X represents hydrogen, bromine or chlorine.
Abstract:
In welding plastics parts using laser radiation of a wavelength outside the visible range, in which the bonding region of one of the parts contains a visibly transparent and colorless material that absorbs the laser radiation, the material comprises nonionic compound(s) resistant to laser radiation and with a thermal stability of not less than 300 deg. C, selected from polycyclic organic compounds, doped tin oxides and the hexaborides of lanthanide and alkaline earth metals. - In welding plastics parts using laser radiation of a wavelength outside the visible range, in which the bonding region of one of the parts contains a visibly transparent and colorless material that absorbs the laser radiation, the material comprises nonionic compound(s) resistant to laser radiation and with a thermal stability of not less than 300 deg. C, selected from polycyclic organic compounds, doped tin oxides and the hexaborides MB6 of lanthanide and alkaline earth metals M. - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparations suitable for producing plastics parts welded with laser radiation of wavelength outside the visible range.
Abstract:
The invention relates to thermoplastic molding materials comprising (A) from 34 to 99.99% by weight of at least one thermoplastic polymer selected from (i) polyarylene ethers, (ii) polyetherimides, (iii) polyarylene sulfides and (iv) polycarbonates having a glass transition temperature of at least 145°C, and to copolymers of the aforementioned polymers (i) to (iv), (B) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of at least one organic black pigment which is transparent in the range from 1000 nm to 1600 nm and has a thermal stability under DIN EN 12877-1 of at least 300°C, (C) from 0 to 6% by weight of at least one demolding agent selected from fatty acids, esters and amides, (D) from 0 to 50% by weight of one or more additives, where the sum of the percentages by weight of (A), (B), (C) and (D) adds up to 100% by weight. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the thermoplastic molding materials and to the moldings obtainable therefrom. The invention finally relates to the use of the thermoplastic molding materials for reducing the accumulation of heat in plastic components, moldings, films or membranes.
Abstract:
A photovoltaic module (110) is disclosed, which is suited for conversion of incident electromagnetic radiation (112) into electric energy. The photovoltaic module (110) comprises in order: a transparent cover sheet (114); and -at least one photovoltaic cell (116), wherein the at least one photovoltaic cell (116) is adapted to convert electromagnetic radiation (112) passing through the transparent cover sheet (114) into electric energy and wherein the photovoltaic cell (116) is accommodated within at least one encapsulation element (118) providing protection from environmental influence. The encapsulation element (118) comprises at least one luminescence downshifting material, which is adapted for at least partially absorbing the incident radiation (112) and for re-emitting radiation (112) at a longer wavelength.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of terylene-3,4:11,12-tetracarboxydiimides (I) in which the variables have the following meanings: R, R' independently = H, optionally substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, R1 = H or alkyl; R2 = H, alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl, whereby a perylene-3,4-dicarboxyimide (II) is reacted with a naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyimide (III), where X = H, bromine or chlorine, in the presence of a base-stable, high boiling organic solvent and an alkali or alkaline earth metal base.
Abstract:
The invention relates to 1,6,9,14-tetrasubstituted terrylene tetracarboxylic acid diimides of general formula (I), in which the variables are defined as follows: X, Y independently of one another represent bromium; cyano; aryloxy, arylthio, hetaryloxy or hetarylthio, which can respectively be mono- or polysubstituted by C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, -COOR , -SO3R , halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, cyano, -CONHR and/or -NHCOR ; a group of formula -L-R ; a group of formula -NR 2; R, R' independently of one another represent hydrogen; C1-C30 alkyl, whose carbon chain can be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -S-, -NR1-, -CO- and/or -SO2- and which can be mono- or polysubstituted by cyano, C1-C6 alkoxy, aryl, which may be substituted by C1-C18 alkyl or C1-C6 alkoxy and/or a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group that is bonded by means of a nitrogen atom and that can contain additional heteroatoms and be aromatic; C5-C8 cycloalkyl, whose carbon skeleton can be interrupted by one or more groupings -O-, -S- and/or -NR - and/or which can be mono- or polysubstituted by C1-C6 alkyl; aryl or hetaryl, which can be mono- or polysubstituted by C1-C18 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, cyano, -CONHR , -NHCOR and/or aryl- or hetarylazo, which can be respectively substituted by C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy or cyano; and L represents 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-ethenylene or 1,2-ethynylene.