Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam materials, comprising the reaction of a composition (ZI), containing a composition (ZP) at least containing a polyol and a catalyst, which catalyzes the formation of a urethane bond, urea bond, or isocyanurate bond, and a surfactant (TD), which does not have a silicon atom and which has an HLB less than 10, wherein the proportion of the sum of the surfactants (TD) in the stabilized composition is (0.05) to (10) parts by mass per (100) parts by mass of the composition (ZP), with at least one polyisocyanate, wherein the reaction occurs in the presence of a nucleating agent, selected from the group comprising perfluorinated hydrocarbons, ethers having at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbon group, and ketones having at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbon group, and in the presence of a blowing agent, wherein the nucleating agent is different from the blowing agent, and wherein the nucleating agent and the blowing agent are mixed together, a composition (Z2) thus being obtained, and the composition (Z2) is added to the composition (ZI) before the reaction with the at least one polyisocyanate. The invention further relates to a stabilized composition (ZS) and to a kit for producing a stabilized composition (ZS) for producing a polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam material, and to methods for producing polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam materials by reacting a stabilized composition according to the invention or a stabilized composition that is or can be obtained according to a method according to the invention.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam, by converting at least one polyisocyanate, and a polyol composition (PZ), wherein the polyol composition (PZ) contains at least one compound with at least two hydrogen atoms, which are reactive towards isocyanate groups, and at least one compound (I) selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acid diesters of dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 18 C atoms and tricarboxylic acid triesters of tricarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 C atoms. At least one propellant is used during the conversion process. The invention further relates to rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams which are obtained or can be obtained using such a method and to a polyol composition (PZ) at least containing a compound with at least two hydrogen atoms, which are reactive towards isocyanate groups, and at least one compound (I) selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acid diesters of dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 18 C atoms and tricarboxylic acid triesters of tricarboxylic acids with 3 to 18 C atoms. The invention also relates to the use of such a polyol composition (PZ) in the production of rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams and to the use of a rigid polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam according to the invention as insulating materials or for producing insulating materials, preferably insulating panels, sandwich elements, hot water tanks, boilers, cooling equipment, insulating foams, cooling devices, or freezing devices.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a process for preparing an inorganic aerogel, the process comprising the steps of providing a composition (I) suitable to form an inorganic gel with a gelation time tG, spraying the composition (I) into supercritical carbon dioxide at a spraying time tS to obtain gel particles, and drying the gel particles obtained in step (ii) by supercritical liquid extraction, wherein the ratio tS:tG is in the range of from 0.2 to 0.99. The present invention further is directed to the inorganic aerogel as such as well as the use of the inorganic aerogel according to the invention in particular for medical and pharmaceutical applications or for thermal insulation.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to composite elements comprising a profile and an insulating core at least partially enclosed by the profile, wherein the insulating core consists of an organic porous material which has a thermal conductivity ranging from 13 to 30 mW/m*K, determined in accordance with DIN 12667, and a compressive strength of greater than 0.20 N/mm 2 , determined in accordance with DIN 53421, to methods for producing such composite elements and to the use of such a composite element for producing windows, doors, refrigerating and/or freezing units and cabinets or facade-structure elements.