摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for producing transparent conductive oxides comprising the following steps in the sequence a-b-c: (a) Reacting at least one starting compound (A) containing at least one metal or semi-metal M and optionally a dopant (D) containing at least one doping element M', wherein at least one M' is not the same as M, in the presence of a block copolymer (B) and a solvent (C), forming a composite material (K), (b) optionally applying the composite material (K) onto a substrate (S) and (c) heating the composite material (K) to a temperature of at least 350°C, characterized in that the block copolymer (B) contains at least one alkylene oxide block (AO) and at least one isobutylene block (IB). The present invention also relates to transparent conductive oxides so obtained, use thereof in electronic components, as electrode materials and as material for antistatic applications. Finally, the present invention relates to electronic components containing the transparent conductive oxides.
摘要:
Use of rylene derivatives (I) in which the variables are defined as follows: X together Formulae (x1) (x2) (x3) both -COOM; Y a radical -L-NR1R2 (y1) -L- Z-R3 (y2) the other radical hydrogen; together Formulae (y3) (y4) both hydrogen; R optionally substituted (Het)aryloxy, (Het)arylthio; P -NR1R2; B alkylene; optionally substituted phenylene; combinations thereof; A -COOM; -SO3M; -PO3M2; D optionally substituted phenylene, naphthylene, pyridylene; M hydrogen; alkali metal cation; [NR5]4+; L chemical bond; optionally indirectly bonded, optionally substituted (Het)arylene radical; R1, R2 optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, (Het)aryl; together the nitrogen atom containing, optionally substituted ring; Z -O-; -S-; R3 optionally substituted alkyl, (Het)aryl; R' hydrogen; optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, (Het)aryl; R5 hydrogen; optionally substituted alkyl, (Het)aryl; m 0, 1, 2; n, p m=0: 0, 2, 4 with: n+p = 2, 4, optionally 0; m=1: 0, 2, 4 with: n+p = 0, 2, 4; m=2: 0, 4, 6 with: n+p = 0, 4, 6, or of mixtures thereof as photosensitizers in solar cells.
摘要:
The present invention relates to novel fuel additives obtainable by reacting carboxylic acids and alkanol amines under specific conditions. Said additives show an improved performance in fuels, like gasoline. The invention also relates to methods of preparing the same; additive packages containing said additives; and methods of improving the storage stability of additive packages comprising a detergent additive in an organic solvent.
摘要:
Branched decyl nitrates of the formula R1 R2 CH-CH 2-O-NO 2, wherein R1 denotes an n-propyl or iso-propyl group and R2 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 5 carbon atoms, are suited as combustion improvers and/or cetane number improvers in fuels.