摘要:
The electrode material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes particles of a solid state alloy having silicon as a main component, wherein the particles of the solid state alloy have a microcrystal or amorphous material including an element other than silicon, dispersed in microcrystalline silicon or amorphized silicon. The solid state alloy preferably contains a pure metal or a solid solution. The composition of the alloy preferably has an element composition in which the alloy is completely mixed in a melted liquid state, whereby the alloy has a single phase in a melted liquid state without presence of two or more phases. The element composition can be determined by the kind of elements constituting the alloy and an atomic ratio of the elements.
摘要:
An electrode material for an anode of a rechargeable lithium battery, containing a particulate comprising an amorphous Sn·A·X alloy with a substantially non-stoichiometric ratio composition. In formula Sn·A·X, A indicates at least one element selected from a group of transition metal elements Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, Au, Ti, V, Y, Sc, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, and W, X indicates at least one element of O or F and optionally at least one element selected from a group consisting of N, Li, S, Pb, Bi, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Zn, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, B, C, Si, P, Ge, As, Se, Sb, and Te. The content of the constituent element Sn of said Sn·A·X alloy is Sn/(Sn + A + X) = 20 to 80 atomic%.%, the amount of the elements O and F in said alloy does not exceed 5 % per weight each, but at least 0.05 % weight of the elements 0 or F is present, and any O or F is predominantly located at the surface of said alloy particulate. An electrode structural body for a rechargeable lithium battery, comprising said electrode material for an anode and a collector comprising a material incapable of being alloyed with lithium in electrochemical reaction, and a rechargeable lithium battery having an anode comprising said electrode structural body.
摘要:
A metal oxide of porous structure intercalating or deintercalating lithium ions by the electrochemical reaction, characterized by being provided with regularly ordered pores. Use of this metal oxide in an electrode for a secondary battery.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a process for producing a nano carbon material, which comprises the steps of mixing at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of linear saturated hydrocarbons, linear unsaturated hydrocarbons, cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols and ethers with at least one oxygen-element-containing substance selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, water, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen and nitrous oxide; and causing the mixture to coexist with a supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid within a temperature range of from 300 to 800°C under a pressure of from 2 to 60 MPa. According to this process, nano carbon materials typified by carbon nanotubes, diamond and fullerene are cheaply produced.
摘要:
There are disclosed a powdery material comprising a hydrogen-storing compound comprising a core layer of a hydrogen-storing alloy coated with a transition metal oxide layer and having a transition metal dispersed and carried on the outermost surface thereof, an electrode member for alkali secondary cells using the powdery material comprising a hydrogen-storing compound, and a secondary cell using the electrode member as an electrode. In particular, the invention provides a powdery material comprising nickel hydroxide coated either with a compound higher in conductivity than nickel hydroxide comprising at least one element selected from cobalt element and nickel element and oxygen element, containing 0.5 atomic % to 10 atomic % of at least one element selected from lithium, potassium, manganese aluminum, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, tungsten vanadium and titanium, or with a compound higher in conductivity than nickel hydroxide comprising at least one transition metal element selected from molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium and titanium and oxygen and hydrogen elements. With such an alkali secondary cell, a strong resistance to overcharge, a high charging and discharging efficiency and a long cycle life can be implemented.
摘要:
A recovering process for recovering the constituent components of a sealed type batter comprising at least an a cathode, an anode and an electrolyte sealed in a battery housing, characterized in that said process includes a step (a) of decreasing the ionic conductivity between said cathode and anode of said sealed type battery and a step (b) of opening said battery housing of the sealed type battery after conducting said step (a). An apparatus suitable for practicing said recovering process.
摘要:
A highly reliable rechargeable battery comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator positioned between said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte or an electrolyte solution disposed so as to contact with said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises an electrically conductive material, and said electrically conductive material is provided with an insulating or semiconductor film such that at least protrusions present at said electrically conductive material are covered by said insulating or semiconductor film while forming an opening between adjacent protrusions such that said opening is communicated with said electrically conductive material of said anode and said electrically conductive material of said anode contacts with said electrolyte or said electrolyte solution through said opening. The rechargeable battery is of an increased capacity and it provides an increased energy density and has a prolonged charging and discharging cycle life, in which the generation or growth of a dendrite of lithium or zinc is effectively prevented.