摘要:
A grating-coupled waveguide (100) and a method are described herein that can be used to detect the presence of a biological substance (e.g., cell, drug, chemical compound) in a sensing region of the Grating-Coupled Waveguide. The Grating-Coupled Waveguide includes a substrate (112), a diffraction grating (108) and a waveguide film (106) that has a higher index of refraction than the substrate which has an index of refraction ? 1.5. The relatively low-index substrate effectively increases the sensitivity of the Grating-Coupled Waveguide by causing the waveguide mode to shift towards a biological substance located in a sensing region above the waveguide film, thereby increasing the field strength of the mode's evanescent tail in this region. In one embodiment, an array of the Grating-Coupled Waveguides are incorporated within the wells of a microplate.
摘要:
A system and method are described herein for self-referencing a sensor that is used to detect a biomolecular binding event and/or kinetics which occur in a sample solution flowing along side a reference solution in a micron-sized deep flow channel.
摘要:
A gain medium for use in optical amplifiers or laser oscillators is disclosed. The gain medium includes a transition-metal doped glass-ceramic material having a crystal phase and a glass phase. The crystal phase is formed in situ in the glass phase, with the transition metal ions preferentially partitioning into the crystalline sites from the glass phase. The crystalline sites so formed have a size of less than 50 nm, and the transition metal ions within them are capable of lasing at a wavelength within the range of about 900 to 3000 nm. Also disclosed are amplifier and laser oscillator configurations, where the glass-ceramic gain medium is applied in a variety of configurations. Also disclosed is a method of amplifying a signal of light wherein the glass-ceramic gain medium is pumped with light energy so as to excite the transition metal ions, and the signal of light is transmitted through the gain medium while the transition metal ions are excited, whereby the signal of light is amplified. Also disclosed is a method of producing laser oscillation wherein the glass-ceramic gain medium is included in a laser cavity, pumped with optical energy to excite the transition metal ions, and the resulting radiation is forced to oscillate by the use of reflecting surfaces for feedback.