公开(公告)号：EP2307693B1

公开(公告)日：2015-08-19

申请号：EP09772889.3

申请日：2009-06-30

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran

IPC分类号： F02D41/40 ,  F02G5/00 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： B60W20/15 ,  B60K6/24 ,  B60K6/32 ,  B60K6/48 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  B60L2240/445 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W10/28 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60W2510/0676 ,  B60W2510/068 ,  B60W2710/0622 ,  B60Y2400/435 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N3/30 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  F01N2240/32 ,  F01N2430/085 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02D13/0234 ,  F02D13/0269 ,  F02D41/028 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02D41/402 ,  F02D41/403 ,  F02G5/00 ,  F02M26/23 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2250/40 ,  Y02A50/2322 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02E60/56 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y02T10/128 ,  Y02T10/142 ,  Y02T10/166 ,  Y02T10/44 ,  Y02T10/6221 ,  Y02T10/6295 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： A distinctive method of operating an internal combustion engine in a low-temperature combustion mode. An engine combustion chamber is provided with fuel and air charges before combustion conditions are reached. The fuel charge is sufficient to provide a fuel-air equivalence ratio of at least 1.05. The fuel and air are allowed to mix prior to combustion. The fuel is provided to the combustion chamber at least 20 crank angle degrees before top dead center. The fuel and air charges are regulated such that the mixture auto-ignites as a result of the heat and pressure generated by the compression stroke. The amounts are further regulated such that combustion occurs below a temperature at which significant soot production occurs. In one embodiment, early intake valve closing is used to limit the air charge. The method provides a rich low temperature combustion mode operation, which has several applications.

摘要翻译： 在低温燃烧模式上内燃机操作的独特方法。 在达到燃烧条件之前发动机燃烧室中设置有燃料和空气的费用。 燃料加料足以提供至少1:05的燃料 - 空气当量比。 在燃料和空气被允许混合燃烧之前。 燃料被上止点之前提供到燃烧室的至少20度的曲柄转角。 被调整检查的燃料和空气的电荷做的混合物自动点燃通过压缩冲程所产生的热和压力的结果。 量以调节进一步的调查做了燃烧发生在低于显著烟灰生产时的温度。 在一个，实施例进气门提前关闭被用来限制空气充量。 该方法提供了丰富的低温燃烧模式运转，其中有几个应用程序。

公开(公告)号：EP1886371A2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-13

申请号：EP06710327.5

申请日：2006-02-07

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran ,  SINGH, Vishal ,  MCCARTHY, JR., James ,  YAN, Jiyang ,  RAHDAMOHAN, Subbaraya ,  BEVAN, Karen ,  REUTER, Johannes

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  B60L11/18

CPC分类号： B01D53/90 ,  B01D53/9431 ,  B01D53/96 ,  B60L11/1887 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  F01N3/0871 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N9/00 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  F02N11/04 ,  F02N11/0814 ,  F02N2200/061 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M16/006 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2250/40 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02E60/56 ,  Y02T10/20 ,  Y02T10/47 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： The invention relates to a power generation system (10) with a continuously operating fuel reformer (16). Preferably, the fuel reformer (16) is either off, warming up, or operating with an essentially constant fueling rate. Some of the reformed fuel is intermittently used to regenerate a NOx trap (14) that treats the exhaust of an internal combustion engine (11). Any reformed fuel not used for other purposes is supplied to a fuel cell (15). The fuel reformer (16) does not shut down between NOx trap regeneration cycles except when the engine (11) is also shut down. The invention substantially eliminates issues of reformer response time as they relate to NOX trap regeneration.

公开(公告)号：EP1787349A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-23

申请号：EP05786342.5

申请日：2005-09-07

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran ,  STOVER, Thomas, R. ,  MORSCHECK, Timothy, J. ,  MILES, Kathryn, A. ,  WATTS, Patrick, M. ,  WIERSMA, Diane, C.

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  B60K6/04 ,  B60L11/18

CPC分类号： B60W20/15 ,  B60K6/24 ,  B60K6/32 ,  B60K6/48 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W10/28 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60Y2400/435 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N2240/32 ,  F02B29/0406 ,  F02B37/00 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02M26/05 ,  F02M26/23 ,  H01M8/0606 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y02T10/6221 ,  Y02T10/6295 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： One aspect of the invention relates to a clean power generation system in which an internal combustion engine is operated to produce shaft power and an exhaust stream. The exhaust stream is processed by a fuel cell. Fluctuations in power demand are met, at least in part, by increasing or decreasing power output from the fuel cell and/or power uptake or output from a power storage device. The engine can operate at a relatively constant rate, providing a steady exhaust stream, which facilitates pollution control and fuel cell operation. According to another aspect of the invention, the exhaust of an engine is treated with a fuel cell having an electrolyte that conducts protons. In addition to removing pollutants from the exhaust while generating useful power, the fuel cell can provide a supply of low acidity water. The water can be used in the fuel reformer.

公开(公告)号：EP1787349B1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-27

申请号：EP05786342.5

申请日：2005-09-07

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran ,  STOVER, Thomas, R. ,  MORSCHECK, Timothy, J. ,  MILES, Kathryn, A. ,  WATTS, Patrick, M. ,  WIERSMA, Diane, C.

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  B60L11/18 ,  B60K6/00

CPC分类号： B60W20/15 ,  B60K6/24 ,  B60K6/32 ,  B60K6/48 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/08 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W10/28 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60Y2400/435 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N2240/32 ,  F02B29/0406 ,  F02B37/00 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02M26/05 ,  F02M26/23 ,  H01M8/0606 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y02T10/6221 ,  Y02T10/6295 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： One aspect of the invention relates to a clean power generation system in which an internal combustion engine is operated to produce shaft power and an exhaust stream. The exhaust stream is processed by a fuel cell. Fluctuations in power demand are met, at least in part, by increasing or decreasing power output from the fuel cell and/or power uptake or output from a power storage device. The engine can operate at a relatively constant rate, providing a steady exhaust stream, which facilitates pollution control and fuel cell operation. According to another aspect of the invention, the exhaust of an engine is treated with a fuel cell having an electrolyte that conducts protons. In addition to removing pollutants from the exhaust while generating useful power, the fuel cell can provide a supply of low acidity water. The water can be used in the fuel reformer.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个方面涉及一种清洁发电系统，其中内燃机被操作以产生轴功率和排气流。 排气流由燃料电池处理。 功率需求的波动至少部分地通过增加或减少来自燃料电池的功率输出和/或来自蓄电装置的功率吸收或输出来达到。 发动机可以以相对恒定的速率运行，提供稳定的排气流，这有利于污染控制和燃料电池运行。 根据本发明的另一方面，用具有导电质子的电解质的燃料电池对发动机的排气进行处理。 除了在产生有用功率的同时从排气中除去污染物之外，燃料电池还可以提供低酸度的水。 水可用于燃料重整器。

公开(公告)号：EP2345087B1

公开(公告)日：2019-08-21

申请号：EP09825364.4

申请日：2009-11-04

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran

IPC分类号： H01L31/042 ,  H01L35/26 ,  H01L35/30 ,  H02S10/10 ,  H01L35/22

公开(公告)号：EP2345087A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-20

申请号：EP09825364.4

申请日：2009-11-04

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran

IPC分类号： H01L31/042

CPC分类号： H01L35/30 ,  H01L31/054 ,  H01L35/22 ,  H01L35/26 ,  H02S10/10 ,  Y02B10/10 ,  Y02E10/52 ,  Y02P80/25

摘要： A solar powered generator (100) has thermoelectric elements adjacent to and below solar cells. Concentrated sunlight is provided. A heat sink (104), which can be variable in temperature or efficiency, is in contact with the cold junction (108) of the thermoelectric device (103). The thermal resistivity is designed in relation to the energy flux, whereby the thermoelectric device (103) develops a gradient of several hundred Kelvin. Preferably the solar cell comprises a high band gap energy semi-conductor. The generator (100) maintains relatively consistent efficiency over a range of cold junction (108) temperatures. The heat sink (104) can be a hot water system. High efficiencies are achieved using nanocomposite thermoelectric materials. Evenly but thinly dispersing the thermoelectric segments in a matrix of highly insulating material reduces the amount of material required for the segments without sacrificing performance. A unitary construction of the solar cell and thermoelectric elements provides further advantages.

公开(公告)号：EP2307693A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-13

申请号：EP09772889.3

申请日：2009-06-30

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran

IPC分类号： F02D41/40 ,  F02G5/00 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： B60W20/15 ,  B60K6/24 ,  B60K6/32 ,  B60K6/48 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1892 ,  B60L11/1894 ,  B60L2240/445 ,  B60W10/06 ,  B60W10/26 ,  B60W10/28 ,  B60W20/00 ,  B60W2510/0676 ,  B60W2510/068 ,  B60W2710/0622 ,  B60Y2400/435 ,  F01N3/0814 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/103 ,  F01N3/30 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  F01N2240/32 ,  F01N2430/085 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02D13/0234 ,  F02D13/0269 ,  F02D41/028 ,  F02D41/3035 ,  F02D41/402 ,  F02D41/403 ,  F02G5/00 ,  F02M26/23 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2250/40 ,  Y02A50/2322 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02E60/56 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y02T10/128 ,  Y02T10/142 ,  Y02T10/166 ,  Y02T10/44 ,  Y02T10/6221 ,  Y02T10/6295 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： A distinctive method of operating an internal combustion engine in a low-temperature combustion mode. An engine combustion chamber is provided with fuel and air charges before combustion conditions are reached. The fuel charge is sufficient to provide a fuel-air equivalence ratio of at least 1.05. The fuel and air are allowed to mix prior to combustion. The fuel is provided to the combustion chamber at least 20 crank angle degrees before top dead center. The fuel and air charges are regulated such that the mixture auto-ignites as a result of the heat and pressure generated by the compression stroke. The amounts are further regulated such that combustion occurs below a temperature at which significant soot production occurs. In one embodiment, early intake valve closing is used to limit the air charge. The method provides a rich low temperature combustion mode operation, which has several applications.

公开(公告)号：EP1784247A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-16

申请号：EP05764077.3

申请日：2005-07-14

申请人： Eaton Corporation

发明人： HU, Haoran ,  STOVER, Thomas

IPC分类号： B01D53/94 ,  F01N3/08

CPC分类号： F01N3/0814 ,  B01D53/9418 ,  B01D53/9481 ,  B01D53/9495 ,  B01D2251/2062 ,  B01D2255/911 ,  B01D2258/012 ,  F01N3/035 ,  F01N3/0821 ,  F01N3/0842 ,  F01N3/2066 ,  F01N3/2073 ,  F01N13/009 ,  F01N13/0097 ,  F01N13/011 ,  F01N2240/25 ,  F01N2240/30 ,  F01N2570/18 ,  F01N2610/02 ,  F01N2610/03 ,  Y02A50/2325 ,  Y02T10/24

摘要： An exhaust aftertreatment system comprising two or more branches, at least one of which contains a NOx adsorber-catalyst. The branches unite downstream into a trailing conduit that contains an ammonia-SCR catalyst. Ammonia generated by the NOx adsorber-catalyst during regeneration is stored for later use by the SCR catalyst. One advantage of this configuration is a continuous or near continuous presence of oxygen within the trailing exhaust conduit. The continuous presence of improves the efficiency of the SCR catalyst. Another concept is to configure a multi-branch exhaust aftertreatment system without valves, dampers, or other electronically controlled devices adapted to selectively alter the distribution of the exhaust between the branches. The absence of such devices generally results in a comparatively balanced division of exhaust between the branches. One benefit of this configuration is improved reliability as compared to systems that use valves.