摘要:
The reactions of single cells to particular substances in their environment can be established by means of signal converters. In a manner known per se, the potential difference between the interior and the exterior of a cell is measured by means of electrodes, whereby the cell is, however, damaged at least in certain places. Conventional methods which permit a recording of a cell reaction without intervening in the cell interior are either complex or limited in response. In a measuring technique, using at least one biological receptor cell, an asymmetric, extra-cellular, electrical potential of the at least one receptor cell is formed, which produces a multi-pole field and said multi-pole field is applied to determining the cell reaction. The asymmetry in the extra-cellular electrical potential of the at least one receptor cell which reacts to environmental changes can be achieved by, for example, embedding the at least one receptor cell in a bedding element which corresponds to the geometrical form thereof.
摘要:
In order to immobilise bio-material, e.g. enzymes, micro-organisms, cells, organelles, etc., on a substrate with a Si3N4 surface with bonding-active NHx groups, use is made of a hetero-functional cross-linking agent with a bio-material coupling function on the one hand and a NHx-reactive group on the other. The immobilisation substrate preferably takes the form of a 10-1000 mm thick Si3N4 layer which is separated from SiH4/NH3 by CVD and coated with bonding-active NHx groups by hydrolysing surface cleaning, especially with dilute acid. Advantageously, a hetero-bifunctional cross-linking agent is first caused to react with an NH2-reactive aldehyde, ester, halide, epoxide, imine or isocyanate group and, after the removal of unbonded superfluous cross-linking agent, coupled to the biomaterial by means of the bio-reactive group.
摘要:
The successful bonding of bioactive material, especially enzymes, to the signal-active surface of a biosensor can be achieved by means of a heterobifunctional crosslinking agent having a group A reactive for the signal-active surface, e.g. a group reacting with -OH, -SH or -NHx, and a photoactivatable, biomaterial-reactive group B. Known groups B are, in particular, azidophenyl and azidosalicylic groups. Crosslinking agents containing such groups B on the one hand and succinimide ester groups on the other are commercially available and hence particularly attractive. The signal-active surface can be especially a Si3N4 surface with reactive NHx groups, as can be obtained from the gas phase by SiH4/NH3 reaction, especially on a fresh SiO2 surface, and has been freed from oxides especially by treatment with dilute hydrofluoric acid.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a measuring device which comprises a sampling cell as well as an electrolyte contained in said cell, wherein said device is used for detecting the quantity of a sample using a sensor. The active side of the sensor is in direct contact with the amount of sample to be analysed, while a diffusion barrier, such as a polymeric film readily available on the market, is used for separating the sample from the electrolyte.
摘要:
The invention pertains to a biosensor with a chemoreceptor, e.g. an insect antenna, for detecting one or more trace components in air. The chemoreceptor is connected to a semiconductor component preferably via an electrolyte. The biosensor can be constructed in such a way that only a small number of antenna segments, such as a single such segment, are connected directly or via the electrolyte to the semiconductor component at one end of the chemoreceptor.
摘要:
A three-dimensional structure of porous silicon considerably improves the anchorage of sensor-active material such as, for example, enzymes, antibodies, etc., on or in the substrate surface of chemical sensors, in particular silicon-based biosensors. This structure is produced by means of suitable etching which forms pore apertures adapted to the penetrability of the sensor-active material. The pore walls advantageously receive a non-conductive boundary layer which consists of oxides of Si and/or Al or Ta or silicon nitride and are preferably 1 - 100 nm thick. The porous layer is advantageously between 10 nm and 100 νm thick and the pores are preferably in the form of branched ducts whose average diameter is 1 nm - 10 νm and in particular 10 - 1000 nm. The sensor-active material can optionally be distributed in a glass, solid, plastics or polymer membrane.
摘要:
A three-dimensional structure of porous silicon considerably improves the anchorage of sensor-active material such as, for example, enzymes, antibodies, etc., on or in the substrate surface of chemical sensors, in particular silicon-based biosensors. This structure is produced by means of suitable etching which forms pore apertures adapted to the penetrability of the sensor-active material. The pore walls advantageously receive a non-conductive boundary layer which consists of oxides of Si and/or Al or Ta or silicon nitride and are preferably 1 - 100 nm thick. The porous layer is advantageously between 10 nm and 100 mu m thick and the pores are preferably in the form of branched ducts whose average diameter is 1 nm - 10 mu m and in particular 10 - 1000 nm. The sensor-active material can optionally be distributed in a glass, solid, plastics or polymer membrane.
摘要:
The reactions of single cells to particular substances in their environment can be established by means of signal converters. In a manner known per se, the potential difference between the interior and the exterior of a cell is measured by means of electrodes, whereby the cell is, however, damaged at least in certain places. Conventional methods which permit a recording of a cell reaction without intervening in the cell interior are either complex or limited in response. In a measuring technique, using at least one biological receptor cell, an asymmetric, extra-cellular, electrical potential of the at least one receptor cell is formed, which produces a multi-pole field and said multi-pole field is applied to determining the cell reaction. The asymmetry in the extra-cellular electrical potential of the at least one receptor cell which reacts to environmental changes can be achieved by, for example, embedding the at least one receptor cell in a bedding element which corresponds to the geometrical form thereof.
摘要:
The invention pertains to a biosensor with a chemoreceptor, e.g. an insect antenna, for detecting one or more trace components in air. The chemoreceptor is connected to a semiconductor component preferably via an electrolyte. The biosensor can be constructed in such a way that only a small number of antenna segments, such as a single such segment, are connected directly or via the electrolyte to the semiconductor component at one end of the chemoreceptor.
摘要:
The successful bonding of bioactive material, especially enzymes, to the signal-active surface of a biosensor can be achieved by means of a heterobifunctional crosslinking agent having a group A reactive for the signal-active surface, e.g. a group reacting with -OH, -SH or -NHx, and a photoactivatable, biomaterial-reactive group B. Known groups B are, in particular, azidophenyl and azidosalicylic groups. Crosslinking agents containing such groups B on the one hand and succinimide ester groups on the other are commercially available and hence particularly attractive. The signal-active surface can be especially a Si3N4 surface with reactive NHx groups, as can be obtained from the gas phase by SiH4/NH3 reaction, especially on a fresh SiO2 surface, and has been freed from oxides especially by treatment with dilute hydrofluoric acid.